THE CULEX’S METAPOETIC FUNERARY GARDEN

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
K. Sara Myers
Keyword(s):  
First Century ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Political Allegory ◽  
Mock Epic

The Culex is now widely recognized as a piece of post-Ovidian, possibly Tiberian, pseudo-juvenilia written by an author impersonating the young Virgil, although it was attached to Virgil's name already in the first century c.e., being identified as Virgilian by Statius, Suetonius and Martial. Dedicated to the young Octavian (Octaui in line 1), the poem seems to fill a biographical gap in Virgil's career before his composition of the Eclogues. It is introduced as a ludus, which Irene Peirano suggests may openly refer to ‘the act of impersonating Virgil’, and, like many of the poems in the Appendix Vergiliana, it seems to have a parodic intent. The Culex has been interpreted as a parody of neoteric style and the epyllion, as mock-epic, as Virgil parody (John Henderson called it a ‘spoof Aeneid in bucolic drag’), as pointed Augustan satire, as mock Ovidian ‘Weltgedicht’ and as just very bad poetry (Housman's ‘stutterer’). Glenn Most has observed that the poem's three ‘acts’ structurally recapitulate Virgil's three major works in chronological succession. Little attention, however, has been paid to the Culex's final lines, which contain a catalogue of flowers the pastor places on the gnat's tomb. Recent scholarship has reintroduced an older interpretation of the gnat's tomb as a political allegory of Augustus’ Mausoleum; in this paper I suggest instead that the tomb and its flowers serve a closural and metapoetic function at the end of the poem.

Epilogue

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Galvin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
First Century ◽  
Rhetorical Strategies ◽  
War Poetry ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Special Knowledge ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Contemporary United States

Writing about the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, contemporary United States–based poets Mónica de la Torre, Ben Lerner, Philip Metres, Claudia Rankine, Juliana Spahr, and C. D. Wright have repurposed the news media’s logic of juxtaposition and simultaneity and civilian poets’ meta-rhetorical strategies from the 1930s and 1940s. Recent scholarship has not yet attended to how U.S. civilian poets use these strategies to critique war culture in the twenty-first century. This chapter argues that an ethically motivated self-distrust that sees itself seeing has become the prima materia of an important strand of civilian war poetry today. Some contemporary poets use rhetoric to craft texts that cultivate connectivity rather than expressing oratorical postures of authority, while others aim to bring together the experiences of soldier and civilian through collaborative projects. Both modes reinforce the notion that witnessing war in the flesh affords special knowledge.

Psalms of Solomon as Resistance Poetry

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 366-385
Author(s):  
Matthew E. Gordley
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Biblical Studies ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dominant Discourse ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Poetry Of Witness ◽  
Psalms Of Solomon ◽  
The One

Two trends in recent scholarship provide a new set of lenses that enable contemporary readers to appreciate more fully the contents and genre of Psalms of Solomon. On the one hand, scholars such as Richard Horsley, Anathea Portier-Young, and Adela Yarbro Collins have now explored the ways in which early Jewish writers engaged in a kind of compositional resistance as they grappled with their traditions in light of the realities of oppressive empires. These approaches enable us to consider the extent to which Psalms of Solomon also may embody a kind of resistant counterdiscourse for the community in which it was edited and preserved. On the other hand, scholars within biblical studies (e. g., Hugh Page) and beyond have examined the dynamics of the poetry of resistance. Such poetry has existed in many times, places, and cultures, giving a voice to the oppressed, protecting the memory of victims, and creating a compelling vision of a possible future in which the oppression is overcome. In this article the poetry of Guatemalan poet Julia Esquivel is interwoven with Psalms of Solomon to illustrate these dynamics and to illuminate the kinds of concerns that scholars like Barbara Harlow and Caolyn Forché have highlighted within the poetry of witness. Since Psalms of Solomon has yet to be explored through these dual lenses of resistance and resistance poetry, this article examines these early Jewish psalms in light of these scholarly trends. I argue that Psalms of Solomon can be understood as a kind of resistance poetry that enabled a community of Jews in the first century B. C. E. to resist the dominant discourse of both the Roman Empire and its client king, Herod the Great. The themes of history, identity, and possibility that pervade resistance poetry in other times and places are central features of Psalms of Solomon.

scholarly journals Antiquarianism: A Reinterpretation

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey Jackson Williams
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
First Century ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Breaking Work

Antiquarianism, the early modern study of the past, occupies a central role in modern studies of humanist and post-humanist scholarship. Its relationship to modern disciplines such as archaeology is widely acknowledged, and at least some antiquaries—such as John Aubrey, William Camden, and William Dugdale—are well-known to Anglophone historians. But what was antiquarianism and how can twenty-first century scholars begin to make sense of it? To answer these questions, the article begins with a survey of recent scholarship, outlining how our understanding of antiquarianism has developed since the ground-breaking work of Arnaldo Momigliano in the mid-twentieth century. It then explores the definition and scope of antiquarian practice through close attention to contemporaneous accounts and actors’ categories before turning to three case-studies of antiquaries in Denmark, Scotland, and England. By way of conclusion, it develops a series of propositions for reassessing our understanding of antiquarianism. It reaffirms antiquarianism’s central role in the learned culture of the early modern world and offers suggestions for avenues which might be taken in future research on the discipline.

Reading Gospel of Thomas 100 in the Fourth Century: From Roman Imperialism to Pachomian Concern over Wealth

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-446
Author(s):  
Kimberley A. Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Century ◽  
First Century ◽  
Synoptic Gospels ◽  
Material Wealth ◽  
Gospel Of Thomas ◽  
Nag Hammadi ◽  
Roman Imperialism ◽  
Recent Scholarship

Abstract Recent scholarship has made strides in evidencing a Pachomian monastic relationship to the Nag Hammadi Codices, yet this remains to be sufficiently investigated through analysis of Nag Hammadi material bearing Pachomian traits, or best explained within a Pachomian ideological environment. In this article I argue that Gospel of Thomas 100’s redaction of the “give to Caesar what is Caesar’s” pericope (Mk 12:13-17 par.) can be better understood in light of conflict between Pachomian material wealth and ascetic aspirations. The redaction demonstrates that conflict over Roman tax payment, crucial in the first-century context of the Synoptic Gospels, is in this fourth-century context essentially irrelevant.

The Justice and Mercy of God

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-110
Author(s):  
Mary Sirridge
Keyword(s):  
Eleventh Century ◽  
First Century ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Divine Justice ◽  
Divine Mercy ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Justice And Mercy

In his eleventh-century Proslogion St. Anselm puts forward the view that, far from being an exception to divine justice, divine mercy is the highest form of divine justice. Anselm’s cryptic reasoning is initially puzzling. It becomes more accessible if we notice that he is taking as a model the theory of imperial clemency put forward by the first-century CE Stoic Seneca in his De Clementia, in which it is argued that imperial clemency is the highest form of justice. Anselm does not quote or make reference to Seneca’s work, and so the case for the relationship between the two works has to be made on internal grounds, but recent scholarship has shown that Senecan materials were readily available in Anselm’s milieu and that there are other cases in which he seems to be using Senecan material.

scholarly journals In Spaces of Marginalization: Dispossession, Incorporation, and Resistance in Bolivia

2013 ◽  
pp. 108-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brent Z. Kaup
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Global Capitalism ◽  
First Century ◽  
Primitive Accumulation ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Ongoing Process ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Spaces Of Resistance ◽  
Twenty First Century

Recent scholarship conceptualizing primitive accumulation as an ongoing process in global capitalism has noted the difficulties faced in bringing struggles against exploitation and dispossession together. While some scholars suggest that an 'organic link" exists between these conflicts. they have yet to clearly specify the conditions and mechanisms through which such a link can form. Examining cases in Bolivia at the turn of the twenty-first century. I argue that struggles against exploitation and dispossession do not merely converge when facing a common oppressor. but also as the changing forms and geographies of exploitation and dispossession bring people together in more proximate locations. I illustrate that the changing means through which Bolivia was incorporated into the global economy enhanced levels of marginalization and subsequently resulted in patterns of migration that led to a convergence of peasant and proletarian struggles. As both segments of Bolivian society were excluded from the country's major economic sectors. they migrated to the places where they thought they could best satisfy their livelihood needs. But as people continually struggled to meet these needs, these places became spaces of marginalization, and eventually, spaces of resistance.

A Critical Review of Recent Scholarship on the Pauline Opposition and the Nature of its Wisdom (σοϕί α) in 1 Corinthians 1—4

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-427
Author(s):  
Oh-Young Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Corinthians 1 ◽  
First Century ◽  
1 Corinthians ◽  
Christian Community ◽  
Rhetorical Patterns ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Roman Culture ◽  
Wisdom Tradition ◽  
Realized Eschatology

In recent scholarship Pauline scholars have hotly disputed the issues of identification of Paul’s opponents in 1 Cor. 1—4 and the nature of their σοϕία. The major hypotheses are summarized by the catchphrases: over-realized eschatology, proto-Gnosticism, Hellenistic Jewish wisdom tradition, the Petrine party, and rhetorical conventions. Of these hypotheses, this paper supports those scholars who investigate the identity of Paul’s Corinthian opponents in 1 Cor. 1—4 and the nature of their wisdom from the perspective of first-century Graeco-Roman culture. These scholars argue that the Pauline opposition in 1 Cor. 1—4 would have been a group of Corinthian Christians who were influenced by Graeco-Roman rhetorical elitism and uncritically exercised these rhetorical conventions in their Christian community and claimed their σοϕία to be based on these rhetorical patterns.

Making the Representation Real: The Actor and the Spectator in Milo Rau’s ‘Theatrical Essays’ Mitleid and La Reprise

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-245
Author(s):  
Stuart Young
Keyword(s):  
Political Engagement ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Real ◽  
Political Performance ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Theatrical Representation ◽  
Theatre Studies ◽  
The Spectator ◽  
The University

Exceptional in demonstrating the political engagement emerging in twenty-first-century performance is the corpus of the writer and director Milo Rau, whose practice is distinguished by its (re)meditation of the real. With detailed reference to Mitleid (2016) and La Reprise (2018), this article examines Rau’s self-reflexive strategies in (re)presenting testimony or an event as a means not of depicting the real, but of making the theatrical representation itself real in order to change the world rather than merely to portray it. The article focuses in particular on strategies relating to the actor-character and spectatorship. Rau’s interest in the positions of the actor and spectator illuminates issues that have arisen in the discourse of theatre witnessing and in recent scholarship on dramaturgical approaches and spectatorship in contemporary political performance. Essentially, Rau makes the performer’s habitus transparent, and challenges the spectator’s reflexivity, effectively rebutting the largely unchallenged assumption that characters who perform witnesses necessarily leave little room for the spectator to be a performing witness. Stuart Young is Professor of Theatre Studies at the University of Otago. His recent publications include the co-edited Ethical Exchanges: Translation, Adaptation, Dramaturgy (Brill Rodopi, 2017), while his practice-led research into Theatre of the Real includes The Keys are in the Margarine: A Verbatim Play about Dementia (2014).

Recent Scholarship in Spanish Literature

1968 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-124
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Spanish Literature ◽  
Recent Scholarship
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