Studies on Transpiration Suppressants on Spring Sorghum in North-Western India in Relation to Soil Moisture Regimes. I. Effect on Yield and Water Use Efficiency

SUMMARYThe results of field experiments conducted in the spring seasons (February/March to June) of 1980 and 1981 indicate that grain yields of sorghum increased with increase in frequency of irrigation. Crops sprayed with atrazine or CCC yielded more than the unsprayed control; maximum yields were obtained by the application of atrazine at 200 g ha−1. Water use efficiency decreased with increase in irrigation but increased as a result of spraying crops with either chemical. Irrigation water can be saved by the spraying of atrazine or CCC onto spring-sown sorghum.

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Effect of mulches and transpiration suppressants on yield, water use efficiency and uptake of nitrogen and phosphorus by sorghum under dryland conditions of north-western India

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600041162 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 98 (1) ◽

pp. 103-108 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

P. Raghavulu ◽

S. P. Singh

Keyword(s):

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Marked Effect ◽

Mercuric Acetate ◽

Western India ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Straw Mulch ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

North Western

SUMMARYField experiments consisting of three mulch treatments (no mulch, straw mulch and dust mulch) and six transpiration suppressants (no suppressant, kaolin, phenyl mercuric acetate, atrazine, mobileaf or alachlor and 2-chloro ethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride) were conducted under dryland conditions during the summer rainy seasons (July–November) of 1976, 1977 and 1978. Compared with no mulch, straw mulch increased yield in all 3 years, water use efficiency in 1977 and 1978, and uptake of N and of P in 1977 and 1978. Dust mulch had only a marginal advantage. Amongst transpiration suppressants, only kaolin and atrazine had a marked effect. Both these chemicals increased grain yield, water use efficiency and uptake of N and P, compared with no suppressant.

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An Analytical View on Water Use Efficiency of Some Main Crops Grown in the Non-costal Parts of Thrace Region

Journal of Agriculture and Ecology Research International ◽

10.9734/jaeri/2020/v21i730156 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 47-57

Author(s):

Recep Cakir

Keyword(s):

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Soil Depth ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Irrigation Water Use ◽

Rainfed Farming ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Thrace Region

The article contains data obtained from evaluations related to irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) and water use efficiency (WUE), for the main crops, irrigated at different stages of growth, on the basis of some findings obtained in the Research Institute in Kırklareli. Each of the experimental crops was sown and farmed following procedures applied by the farmers in the region, except of the irrigation applications which were based on the sensitivity of a certain crop to water shortage in the soil, during the specific growth stages. Similar procedures were applied and all the experimental treatments were irrigated at growth stages, as predicted in the research methodology, and water amounts required to fill the 0-90 cm soil depth to field capacity were implied. Evaluation data obtained from the field experiments with three major crops, grown on the non-coastal lands of Thrace Region showed, that the productivity of irrigation water, as well as water use efficiencies of all analysed crops, are growth stage controlled. The highest IWUE and WUE efficiencies of 0.87 and 0.92 kg da-1 m-3; and 1.08 kg da-1 m-3 and 0.81 kg da-1 m-3; were determined for wheat and sunflower crops, irrigated at booting and flowering stages, respectively. Each m3 of irrigation water, applied during the most sensitive fruit formation stage (Ff) of pumpkin crop, provided additionally 8.47 kg da-1 fruit yield, 8.09 fruit numbers and 0.28 kg da-1 seed yields, more than those of rainfed farming (R).

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Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Potato under Alternate Furrows and Deficit Irrigation

International Journal of Agronomy ◽

10.1155/2020/8869098 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Kassu Tadesse Kassaye ◽

Wubengeda Admasu Yilma ◽

Mehiret Hone Fisha ◽

Dawit Habte Haile

Keyword(s):

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Deficit Irrigation ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Potato Production ◽

Furrow Irrigation ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Alternate Furrow Irrigation

The benefits of water-saving techniques such as alternate furrow and deficit irrigations need to be explored to ensure food security for the ever-increasing population within the context of declining availability of irrigation water. In this regard, field experiments were conducted for 2 consecutive dry seasons in the semiarid region of southwestern Ethiopia and investigated the influence of alternate furrow irrigation method with different irrigation levels on the yield, yield components, water use efficiency, and profitability of potato production. The experiment comprised of 3 irrigation methods: (i) conventional furrow irrigation (CFI), (ii) alternate furrow irrigation (AFI), and (iii) fixed furrow irrigation (FFI) combined factorially with 3 irrigation regimes: (i) 100%, (ii) 75%, and (iii) 50% of the potato water requirement (ETC). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design replicated thrice. Results revealed that seasonal irrigation water applied in alternate furrows was nearly half (170 mm) of the amount supplied in every furrow (331 mm). Despite the half reduction in the total amount of water, tuber (35.68 t ha−1) and total biomass (44.37 t ha−1) yields of potato in AFI did not significantly differ from CFI (34.84 and 45.35 t ha−1, respectively). Thus, AFI improved WUE by 49% compared to CFI. Irrigating potato using 75% of ETC produced tuber yield of 35.01 t ha−1, which was equivalent with 100% of ETC (35.18 t ha−1). Irrigating alternate furrows using 25% less ETC provided the highest net return of US$74.72 for every unit investment on labor for irrigating potato. In conclusion, irrigating alternate furrows using up to 25% less ETC saved water, provided comparable yield, and enhanced WUE and economic benefit. Therefore, farmers and experts are recommended to make change to AFI with 25% deficit irrigation in the study area and other regions with limited water for potato production to improve economic, environmental, and social performance of their irrigated systems.

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Water requirement, crop coefficient and water-use efficiency of ‘Robusta’ banana under different soil covers and soil moisture regimes

Scientia Horticulturae ◽

10.1016/0304-4238(85)90124-4 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 263-269 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

R.K. Bhattacharyya ◽

V.N.Madhava Rao

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Crop Coefficient ◽

Water Requirement ◽

Soil Covers ◽

Moisture Regimes ◽

Use Efficiency

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Water use efficiency in four irrigation regimes in bulb onion production in the Alto Chicamocha Irrigation District

Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas ◽

10.17584/rcch.2020v14i3.12347 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 393-401

Author(s):

Germán Eduardo Cely-Reyes ◽

Karen Victoria Suárez-Parra ◽

Rosalina González-Forero

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Irrigation District ◽

Irrigation Regime ◽

Irrigation Regimes ◽

Bulb Onion ◽

Irrigation Water Use ◽

Use Efficiency

The bulb onion is one of the most important agricultural products in Colombia. The productive conditions of the Riego del Alto Chicamocha (Boyaca) district are a regional and national benchmark for this market. The objective of this research was to evaluate four irrigation regimes in terms of production and irrigation water efficiency in bulb onion crops. This trial was in the municipality of Nobsa, village of Dicho (Boyaca). A completely randomized design with four treatments was used: irrigation regime with 150% evapotranspiration (Evt); moisture-based irrigation regime, detected with soil moisture sensors; irrigation regime with 100% Evt; irrigation regime with 60% Evt, along with four repetitions. Starting three weeks after transplant and for 11 weeks (77 days), the polar diameter (cm), equatorial diameter (cm), root length (cm), leaf length (cm), SPAD units, stomatal conductance and irrigation water use efficiency were determined. The irrigation regime with 100% Evt had the best performance in terms of the polar and equatorial diameters and the root and leaf lengths, which were reflected in the fresh weight at harvest. The irrigation regime with soil moisture values obtained from remote sensors, with lower amounts of applied water, had better values for the transformation of water to fresh mass, with 13.64 kg mm-1.

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Effects of Re-Used Plastic Film Mulching on Soil Moisture and Water Use Efficiency in Hetao Area, China

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.622-623.1725 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 622-623 ◽

pp. 1725-1729

Author(s):

Jian Guo Shi ◽

Jing Hui Liu ◽

Li Xin Jia ◽

Bao Ping Zhao ◽

Li Jun Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Soil Water ◽

Water Use ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Plastic Film ◽

Plastic Film Mulching ◽

Percentage Points ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Film Mulching

Aiming at reducing agricultural pollution caused by plastic film and increasing soil moisture and water use efficiency (WUE), the field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of re-used plastic film mulching on soil moisture, sunflower’s yield and water use efficiency by compared with new plastic film mulching and bare field in Hetao area, China. The results showed that, soil water of re-used film mulching increased at different degree. Compared with bare field and new film mulching, soi1 moisture of re-used film were higher significantly 1.5 percentage points in 0-100 cm, and especially 1.9 or 2.6 percentage points in 0-10 cm during sunflower’s growth stage. Soil water of re-used film was more than that of bare field 24.8 mm (in 2010) and 33.0 mm (in 2011) before seeding, and 21.6mm (in 2010) and 24.5mm (in 2011) at harvest when soil water was replenished to same level for each treatment before sowing. Meanwhile, the grain yield of re-used film was higher significantly than that of bare field 11.4% (in 2010) and 16.8% (in 2011), and WUE of re-used film was higher significantly 15.7% (in 2010) and 22.7% (in 2011) respectively, no significant with new film. So it was worth to apply re-used film to agriculture production for improving the soil moisture, enhancing water use efficiency and increasing the yield of sunflower. We suggest that the application of re-used film mulching is a suitable soil management practice for increase water and WUE in Hetao area or other areas with similar conditions.

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