THE CONGO OF EUROPE: THE BALKANS AND EMPIRE IN EARLY TWENTIETH-CENTURY BRITISH POLITICAL CULTURE

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 565-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAMES PERKINS
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
World War ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
External Relations ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Forced Labour ◽  
Congo Reform Association ◽  
First World

AbstractThis article explores early twentieth-century British political and humanitarian engagement with the Balkans. It focuses on the Balkan Committee, a liberal pressure group that served as the main hub for British interest in the region in the decade before the First World War. Whilst drawing attention to the specific challenges presented by the Balkans to the British liberal mind, it is argued that the Balkan Committee was part of a wider movement of humanitarianism and political activism that encompassed both continental and colonial questions. The issues around which the committee campaigned are related to humanitarian protests against the use of forced labour in Africa, in particular the Congo Reform Association, as well as to the Persia Committee, formed in protest against the 1907 Anglo-Russian agreement. This approach highlights how ‘Europe’ and empire were interconnected agendas within an overarching liberal-internationalist worldview and reformist conscience, despite the different cultural lenses through which humanitarian questions in different parts of the globe were viewed. It is suggested that research into British interaction with the Balkans offers a fruitful means by which to integrate historical analysis of the continental and imperial aspects of Britain's external relations in the ‘age of empire’.

ENGLISH LABOUR AND TRADE UNIONISM OF THE EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURY IN THE COVERAGE OF THE BRITISH HISTORIAN G. D. H. COLE

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 22-33
Author(s):  
T.N. GELLA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Socialist Movement ◽  
First World

The main purpose of the article is to analyze the views of a famous British historian G.D.G. Cole on the history of the British workers' and UK socialist movement in the early twentieth century. The arti-cle focuses on the historian's assessment and the reasons for the workers' strike movement intensi-fication on the eve of the First World War, the specifics of such trends as labourism, trade unionism and syndicalism.

The Strange Radicalism of Thomas Carnduff and St John Ervine

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Connal Parr
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Working Class ◽  
First World War ◽  
Class Consciousness ◽  
World War ◽  
Abbey Theatre ◽  
Unpublished Work ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World

St John Ervine and Thomas Carnduff were born in working-class Protestant parts of Belfast in the 1880s, though Ervine would escape to an eventually prosperous existence in England. Orangeism, the politics of early twentieth-century Ireland, the militancy of the age—and the involvement of these writers in it—along with Ervine’s journey from ardent Fabian to reactionary Unionist, via his pivotal experiences managing the Abbey Theatre and losing a leg in the First World War, are all discussed. Carnduff’s own tumultuous life is reflected through his complicated Orange affiliation, gut class-consciousness, poetry, unpublished work, contempt for the local (and gentrified) Ulster artistic scene, and veneration of socially conscious United Irishman James Hope. It concludes with an assessment of their respective legacies and continuing import.

STRIKING A JUST BALANCE: MAULANA AZAD AS A THEORIST OF TRANS-NATIONAL JIHAD

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
AYESHA JALAL
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Law And Ethics ◽  
The First World War ◽  
National Congress ◽  
First World ◽  
Indian National Congress

This article probes the link between anti-colonial nationalist thought and a theory of jihad in early twentieth-century India. An emotive affinity to the ummah was never a barrier to Muslims identifying with patriotic sentiments in their own homelands. It was in the context of the aggressive expansion of European power and the ensuing erosion of Muslim sovereignty that the classical doctrine of jihad was refashioned to legitimize modern anti-colonial struggles. The focus of this essay is on the thought and politics of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad. A major theoretician of Islamic law and ethics, Azad was the most prominent Muslim leader of the Indian National Congress in pre-independence India. He is best remembered in retrospectively constructed statist narratives as a “secular nationalist”, who served as education minister in Jawaharlal Nehru's post-independence cabinet. Yet during the decade of the First World War he was perhaps the most celebrated theorist of a trans-national jihad.

Trubetskoi, Evgenii Nikolaevich (1863–1920)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Grier
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
First World War ◽  
Religious Organizations ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
World War ◽  
Bolshevik Revolution ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World

Prince Evgenii Nikolaevich Trubetskoi was a prominent philosopher of law known also for his works on Solov’ëv, Kant, Nietzsche, ethics and religion (including Russian Orthodox iconography). Personally and philosophically very close to Solov’ëv, he was recognized as the most important commentator on the older philosopher’s work in the early twentieth century. He was a staunch Russian patriot, devoutly Orthodox, active in various political, cultural and religious organizations aimed at maintaining the Russian way of life threatened first by the First World War and then by the Bolshevik revolution.

CONFISCATION OF FOREIGN NATIONALS ' VESSELS FROM RUSSIAN YACHT CLUBS DURING THE FIRST WORLD WAR

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-69
Author(s):  
SERGEY N. KOPYLOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Foreign Nationals ◽  
Sports Organizations ◽  
Small Vessels ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
First World

The article is devoted to the confiscation of private vessels of foreign nationals during the First World War. Cases of confiscation of small vessels by the metropolitan river Police and the Baltic Fleet are considered. Special attention is paid to the distribution of confiscated vessels. Information is given that yachts and boats were sent to the Naval School and other naval units in need. Among the requests for the transfer of confiscated vessels, it is necessary to highlight the requests received from the Baltic fleet submarine connection, the naval artillery unit of the Kroonstad fortress, the commandant of the premise fortress and the transport flotilla of the black sea fleet. The article examines the prerequisites and reasons for the confiscation of small-sized floating vehicles and German and Austrian subjects. The article analyzes the cases of return of the vessel to a russian citizen of finnish origin after confiscation. The relationship between the events of the First World War and changes in the activities of Russian aristocratic yacht clubs is traced. The author studies the history of domestic sports organizations and Russian history in the early twentieth century. In addition, the organization of Russian sports organizations in the early twentieth century is considered. Russian imperial yacht clubs were rather reluctant to give small vessels belonging to foreign subjects to the official authorities. As a result, the Metropolitan River Police and the Baltic Fleet confiscated sailing and motor vessels owned by German and Austro-Hungarian citizens from aristocratic yacht clubs.

scholarly journals Karelian Borderland in Provincial Orthodox Publicistic during the First World War and in Journalistic Materials of the Northern Karelians’ National Movement in 1920

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Dubrovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
First World War ◽  
Cultural Condition ◽  
World War ◽  
National Movement ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World

This study has shown how the Russian official press of the early 20 century influenced readership’ ideas in Finland and Karelia about the economic and socio-cultural condition of the Russian-Finnish border. The paper is based on Orthodox literature of the early twentieth century that was published both sides of the Russian-Finnish border.

The Balkans: Mining Industry and “Big Politics” (1878–1914)

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 76-86
Author(s):  
Petr A. Iskenderov
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World

The article is devoted to the transport and mining structure in the Balkans at the beginning of the twentieth century, primarily in Serbia. The author pays particular attention to Serbia’s plan to incorporate Kosovo into its economic system in the context of diplomatic tensions in Europe on the eve of the First World War. The research is based on unpublished diplomatic documents.

scholarly journals The Ideology of Objectivity: Constructs of Language in the Popular Press of Early Twentieth-Century Britain

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Heske
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
First World War ◽  
Popular Press ◽  
World War ◽  
Nationalist Discourse ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The First World War ◽  
British Imperialist ◽  
Global Affairs ◽  
First World

Relying on archival research, particular events occurring during the First World War will be singled out that generated articles in the popular press, and acts of close reading will be performed to see which journalistic styles and techniques are being used to relate the details of wartime events. I will also explore how imperialism is featured, either as an implicit or an explicit construct, when journalists write articles concerning global affairs. This focus on the thematic representation of war and the epistemological supposition of an imperialist order in newspapers will show the ways in which a nationalist discourse is configured. Newspaper reports are ideally thought of as a transparent and impartial medium. However, in studying the links between the mass production and circulation of popular newspapers, the dramatic increase of a literate public, and the state of the British imperialist project in the early twentieth century, journalism’s so-called transparent discourse can be fundamentally questioned.

scholarly journals Legislation of the Russian empire on the land military clergy of the early twentieth century (1900—1917)

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Александр Лушин ◽  
Aleksandr Lushin ◽  
Ксения Чудецкая ◽  
Kseniya Chudeckaya
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
World War ◽  
Imperial Russia ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Domestic Legislation ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The Military ◽  
First World

This article is devoted to the intensive development of domestic legislation regulating the activities of the military clergy in the early twentieth century, when the Russian army had to take part consistently in two wars: the Russian-Japanese (1904-1905) and the First world war or the great (1914-1918). The historical and legal experience of the military clergy of Imperial Russia at the present time is of reasonable interest in connection with the revival and development of this institution in the modern power structures of the Russian Federation.

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