Multiculturalidad en folletines chilenos de filiación “indiana” del siglo XIX

A singular corpus of the Chilean narrative of the nineteenth century develops the topic of prevented love between Spaniards and Mapuche, according to which the happy ending only be possible through the civilization of the indigenous or thanks to their submission to Christian doctrine. For this reason, these are texts nor alien to the debate that is currently present in the theses regarding categories such as multiculturalism, interculturality, cultural plurality, among other approaches and exposes interculturality as “conflictivity” (Fornet-Betancourt, 1998, Dussel, 2005; García Canclini, 2011) according to the hybrid, precarious and inharmonious condition. It is, in fact, a “culturizing” narrative that gives way to paroxysmal outcomes typical of the folletin which at the time were called as typical of an “indian novel” by Zorobabel Rodriguez (1873). Our working hypothesis proposes that these transgressions end up being transferred from the melodramatic imaginary to a historiographical and cultural condition that does not attend to the conflictive but to the hegemonic with respect the conformation of our national identity.

SOCIO-CULTURAL PICTURE OF SOCIAL WORK WITH A PATERNAL SINGLE-PARENT FAMILY

In the context of social work with lone fathers, the article demonstrates the need for knowledge of the socio-cultural condition of living and socialization of the client in order to effectively solve his problems. It is proved that paternal mono parenthood becomes a real life test for those men (fathers), whose socialization happened within the framework of the so-called traditional culture, with patriarchal gender stereotypes, with absolutization and rigid differentiation of paternal and maternal roles.

Geliat Politik Islam Lokal di Indonesia Tahun 1998-2021 (Studi Politik Islam Daerah Kediri, Aceh Dan Sumenep.

This article examines Islamic political governance in Indonesia. Islamic political revival began in the reform era. Reform era provides democratic space for national political parties and local political parties in exploring democracy in the regions. Islamic politics in the region has different forms in carrying it out and does not lose the side of locality because it is in accordance with the socio-cultural conditions of the local community. Islamic politics in kediri by adjusting the socio-cultural condition the people tidak kagetan so that the form of Islamic politics kediri is an tolerant. Politics Islamic in sumenep etnic islam politics with the philosophy “bhuppa’, bhabu’, guru, rato” the from of leadership respect the kiai as a teacher and rules. Islamic politics in aceh with characteristics maintains Islamic politics in accordance with Allah provisions.

KAMPUNG VERTIKAL SEBAGAI STRATEGI URBAN RENEWAL DI KAMPUNG LUMUMBA, SURABAYA

Kampung is a settlement that have unique characteristic both in physical and socio-cultural condition. Kampung development process tends to be natural and non-formal, but mainly have faced the environmental degradation and lack of facilities. This forced the government to have some intervention in developing kampung housing by perform an urban renewal. Due to the problem of scarcity of land, urban renewal strategy of kampung has to be developed vertically. This also consider the social context that the rearrangement of kampung area is not done by relocating the local residents, but rearranging the original area to improve the community through environmental, social and economic quality improvement.

Local Wisdom Values in the Pujawali Tradition

This study aims to determine the local wisdom of the Buddhist community in Lombok, especially North Lombok in relation to the environment, nature, and plural social relations. The research method was carried out qualitatively on Buddhist communities in North Lombok Regency. This research results in the finding that basically the local wisdom of the Buddhist community is extracted from the experience of the community from the acculturation of the Majapahit Kingdom tradition which is very familiar with its environment and has long lived in a community culture that is one with nature, known asPujawali / memareq / worship. The local wisdom of Pujawali custom is a social and cultural condition which contains cultural values that respect and are adaptive to the natural surroundings, and are arranged steadily in a society's customs. Even though they are often considered old-fashioned, the values they teach and the practices they carry out are still a regular way of maintaining the environment and good relations between and within religious communities because they still hold strong beliefs about protecting nature means protecting life. Mujawali's wisdom teaches about maintaining harmony and unity, things that cannot be negotiated because actually the people of North Lombok have one ancestor in line with that in North Lombok the people hold the principle of helping merenten (we are all brothers).

Changing objects of therapeutics – how neurasthenia a ected scienti c transfer between Germany and Sweden

This paper discusses the transfer of knowledge between Germany and Sweden within the therapeutics of neurasthenia around 1900. The latter was a worldwide spread disease phenomenon and involved such a variance of symptoms that it is retrospectively considered a cultural condition that was strongly linked to medical fashions. As causes of transfer and change in therapeutics, cultural move- ments have been little explored in research so far. Based on the analysis of transfers and an evaluation of medical objects, the following text aims to show the entanglement between Germany and Sweden on both a sci- entific and societal level as well as their impact on the therapy of neur- asthenia. In the popularity of the Swedish medical treatment method of medicomechanics in Germany, this connection becomes particularly obvi- ous. The enhancements and imitations of the objects used in mechanical gymnastics represent a scientific transfer on the level of medicine, which took place in parallel with cultural trends, political changes and technological knowledge. The constant change which the objects of neurasthenia therapy were subject to, was marked by the paradoxical use of a technology-affine medicine to treat a technology-induced disease. With the rediscovery of naturopathic methods within the new body culture, however, the Zander apparatuses underwent an evolution. The Swedish objects have been adopted by users from merely medical technology into new contexts of action – for example, as tools for self-optimisation of the body.

STUDI LITERATUR : PERAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP KONSERVASI HUTAN

One of the efforts to conserve resources is to link local community wisdom to sustainable forest conservation. The study was conducted to figure out how local communities' prudence relates to the conservation of forest areas. Conservation is an effort to preserve or manage sustainable forests such as traditional customs that have the trust to protect forests. This is because people’s role is vital to the management of forest areas. The study was done with a purpose (1) to find out how local prudence relates to the conservation of forest areas, (2) to see how people are involved in forest conservation, (3) to see what the cultural condition of local communities is. It is to hope that the areas of the forest will be preserved and that the awareness of communities in the importance of keeping properly.Keywords: Culture, Forest Conservation, Community Role AbstrakSalah satu upaya konservasi sumber daya adalah dengan mengkaitkan kearifan lokal masyarakat dalam pelestarian hutan yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kaitan antara kearifan lokal masyarakat terhadap konservasi kawasan hutan. Konservasi merupakan suatu upaya pelestarian atau pengelolaan suatu wilayah yang berkelanjutan. Salah satu upaya dari konservasi hutan adalah dengan mengkaitkan kearifan lokal masyarakat dalam pelestarian hutan yang berkelanjutan seperti adat istiadat yang memiliki kepercayaan untuk melindungi hutan. Hal ini dikarenakan peran masyarakat sangatlah penting dalam pengelolaan kawasan hutan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan (1) untuk mengetahui bagaimana kaitan antara kearifan lokal terhadap konservasi kawasan hutan, (2) mengetahui bagaimana peran masyarakat terhadap konservasi hutan, (3) untuk mengetahui bagaimana kondisi kebudayaan masyarakat lokal. Adanya upaya-upaya tersebut dapat diharapkan kawasan hutan akan terjaga kelestariannya dan adanya kesadaran dalam masyarakat akan pentingnya menjaga hutan dengan baik.Kata Kunci: Kebudayaan, Konservasi Hutan, Peran Masyarakat

Origin and Socio-cultural Formation of Bihari Identity: A Study on Bihari Community in Bangladesh

Bihari community has been living in Bangladesh since 1947, after being forced to migrate from various regions of India. Owing to religious differences, the Bihari community was expelled for communal riot from their homeland. Subsequently, they moved to their ideological home propagated by two-nation theory. Bangladesh joined Pakistan as federal state after partition which made Muslims of India, including the Biharis, thought that Bangladesh was also their ideological home. Having a distinct language and culture, the Bihari community could not be able to assimilate into the society of Bangladesh. They had to remain stranded and stuck in between two cultures outside of their home. However, they were given citizenship by the Government of Bangladesh, but still the debate of them being ‘others’ still on. This study aims to trace out the origin of the Bihari community in Bangladesh and to find out their current socio-cultural condition. To reveal their socio-cultural condition, this study used qualitative method. Primary data were collected through semi-structured interviews in two Bihari settlements (camps) at Dhaka city. This study suggests that Bihari identity has been very problematic and still debatable. Even after 70 years, many Biharis have retained their distinct socio-cultural practices, while other chose assimilation. Nevertheless, their deplorable condition has been intensified by abject poverty, social exclusion and lack of entitlements to services affecting their socio-cultural condition.

TACKLING THE NATURAL AND CULTURAL BARRIERS TO FEMINISM & GENDER EQUALITY: A STUDY AMONG THE ETSAKO OF NIGERIA

Recently, there has been an increase among gender sensitivists’ agitation for women equality with men—despite their obvious or obscure physical dissimilarities or uniqueness, natural/social-condition. So what is the basis of quest for gender equality? Is this possible or necessary? Although several plausible claims are made by the equalitarians, this paper explains the formidable and seemingly insurmountable barriers to an ‘impeccable’ level of women equality with men existing in their respective natural-condition (disabling or enabling), or other social/cultural-condition. Accordingly, it reviews the conception of women among the Etsako of Nigeria so as to be enabled to sift such culture-base barriers. Thus, it point out that though developments in science and technology have tended to develop some schemes and mechanisms to enhance women’s natural disablements to fit in social participation as man, custom, tradition and cultural accretions have tended to be formidable barriers. Affirming feminism, it concludes that the proper focus for women is simply to act their roles dictated by nature, and stipulated by culture, which men cannot.