Some Notes on Life Assurance in Greater Britain, particularly with reference to the Work and Development of the Native Offices

1899 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 517-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Wyndham Tarn
Keyword(s):  
British Empire ◽  
West Indies ◽  
International Congress ◽  
The West ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Life Assurance ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One

Although a great deal of what might be fairly comprised under the heading to this paper came under discussion last year at the International Congress of Actuaries, I yet venture to submit that, upon so important and comprehensive a subject as the one I have chosen, there is a considerable amount of information, statistical and actuarial, which at that great gathering was not even touched upon. In the first place, the contributions to the Congress, valuable though they were, dealt only with the experience of individual Colonies or groups of Colonies, and the observations of the contributors were limited to particular branches of their subject. Secondly, some of the principal British Possessions, such as India, Canada, and the West Indies, appear to have been entirely unrepresented as regards life assurance among the subjects discussed. It is, therefore, with the object, partly of filling up a few of the gaps left vacant at the Congress, but chiefly of surveying the subject as affecting not merely individual Colonies or Dependencies, but the whole of the British Empire outside our own country, that I have collected and set down these notes.

Bureaucrats, Businessmen and Bananas: The Colonial Office and Shipping Services in the West Indies, 1895-1925

1992 ◽  
pp. 73-96
Author(s):  
Robert G. Greenhill
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Government Intervention ◽  
The West ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Colonial Office

The interplay between the Colonial Office and British businessmen around the turn of the last century forms the background of this essay. Although the subject has been well-documented in a number of scholarly books and articles, we still lack an unambiguous definition of the relationship. Wide interpretations are still possible on the limits and the extent of the influence exercised by both officials and entrepreneurs. On the one hand, it is argued that the Colonial Office “had an instinctive dislike of government intervention in economic activity.”...

On the Mortality of Assured Lives in the West Indies (chiefly Barbados)

1888 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-195
Author(s):  
George F. Hardy ◽  
Howard J. Rothery
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
West Indies ◽  
West Indian ◽  
The West ◽  
Mortality Experience ◽  
Life Assurance ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Standard Life ◽  
Special Classes

The Institute of Actuaries has always been ready to welcome contributions from members able to give information regarding the mortality found to prevail among special classes of lives, and among lives resident in other parts of the world than Great Britain. The authors of the present paper having had occasion to look closely into the subject of West Indian mortality, chiefly in connection with the financial affairs of the Barbados Mutual Life Assurance Society, have therefore willingly responded to an invitation to lay before the members of the Institute some account of the statistics which they have been able to gather, and of the conclusions at which they have arrived. They desire, in the first place, to express their thanks to the directors of the Barbados Mutual Society for permitting them to publish the results of the society's mortality experience, and to Mr. Spencer C. Thomson, the manager of the Standard Life Office, for some valuable statistics relating to the experience of that office regarding West Indian mortality.

On the Death-Rate among Assured Lives in the West Indies, being the Experience of the Scottish Amicable Life Assurance Society during Thirty Years, 1846-76

1878 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-169
Author(s):  
John Stott
Keyword(s):  
West Indies ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
The West ◽  
Life Assurance ◽  
Mother Country ◽  
The Subject

Not much seems to have been written on the subject of the Mortality of the West Indies as compared with that of the mother country. The following contribution, being the experience of the Scottish Amicable Life Assurance Society in these colonies during the last thirty years, may therefore, perhaps, be useful as well as interesting. The Directors of the Society have cordially adopted the suggestion that the figures should now be made public.

Slavery and Christianity in the British West Indies

1950 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Worthington Smith
Keyword(s):  
British Empire ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
British West Indies ◽  
The West ◽  
The Caribbean

Slavery in the British Empire was always centered in the British West Indies. To a greater degree than in the Southern Thirteen Colonies, economic life in the West Indies depended upon Negro slavery, and the population of the islands soon became predominantly Negro. With the loss of the Thirteen Colonies after 1775, slavery within the British Empire became almost entirely confined to the Caribbean colonies. Until the emancipation of the slaves in 1833, British eyes were focused upon the West Indies whenever slavery was mentioned.

Chronique d’une écologie décoloniale dans C’est ma terre de Fabrice Bouckat

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Françoise Naudillon
Keyword(s):  
West Indies ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Documentary Film ◽  
Ecological Crisis ◽  
Agent Orange ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
The West ◽  
The One

The documentary film C’est ma terre by Fabrice Bouckat screened during the 2019 edition of Terrafestival is one of the first large-scale films produced locally on the crisis of the chlordecone molecule. This article will examine from a decolonial perspective, how its director, a Martinican with Gabonese origins who lives and works in Guadeloupe, develops a synthetic and universal vision of environmental crises, and thus demonstrates that destruction of ecosystems crosses time and space, cultures and lands, languages and peoples by bringing ecological crisis in the West Indies closer to the one experienced by the Vietnamese victims of Agent Orange.

Sierra Leonais, Créoles, Krio: la dialectique de l'identité

Africa ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odile Goerg
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
West Indies ◽  
African Continent ◽  
The West ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Uk ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Town

The study of phenomena relating to identity has prompted new approaches to the subject on the part of historians as well as anthropologists. They include the study of ethnicity, a dynamic combination of socio-economic, religious, cultural and political factors. In this regard the population of Freetown is particularly interesting, for it stems from several discrete migrations from the end of the eighteenth century onwards. Some of the immigrants came direct from the African continent, ‘Liberated Africans’ disembarked on the Sierra Leone peninsula, while others, formerly slaves, came from the UK, North America or the West Indies. The result of this diversity of origin was the formation of a very rich and specific society, with a mixture of European, African and West Indian characteristics. Among the town dwellers are those called successively Sierra Leoneans, Creoles and Krio.Since the 1950s several studies have focused on these people. After a polemical article published in 1977, new research was undertaken. Krio identity, which is at the same time a historical theme and politically contested territory, remains at the heart of the debate. In this article, emphasis is placed on terminology, to address the question of ‘ethnicity’ as applied to those known as Creoles. What were they called by administrators or historians (past and present)? What did they call themselves? How did they react to the various attempts at categorisation? How did the names, which are the visible aspect of ethnicity, evolve? What did the terms really mean and how can one move from a given name to the object it represents? These questions take into account several points of view, from within Krio/Creole society and from outside it.

Edmund Burke and the British Empire in the West Indies

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
British Empire ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Slave Trade ◽  
West Indian ◽  
Political Connection ◽  
The West ◽  
Plantation Economy ◽  
Comprehensive Plan ◽  
Important Addition ◽  
Personal Level

In the later eighteenth century the West Indian sugar islands were a source of conspicuous wealth for some individuals and an important addition to the resources of Great Britain. They were generally reckoned to be the most valuable of Britain’s imperial possessions, a view which Burke fully endorsed. This book examines his long involvement with the West Indies, at a personal level through the ambitions of his brother and some of his closest friends, as a politician and what contemporaries called ‘a man of business’ in the management of a great national asset and in trying to win the support of powerful West Indian interests for his political connection. He became a participant in debates about the ethics of enslavement and the slave trade. Burke deplored both slavery and the trade, but he recognized that the plantation economy of the West Indies depended on them and that therefore they played a crucial role in Britain’s immensely valuable Atlantic commerce. The policies that he advocated for the further development of the West Indian and African trades inevitably involved more enslaved Africans in the British Empire and on occasions he was drawn into implicitly endorsing the slave trade. Except for a few years from 1788 to 1791, Burke was not prepared to countenance immediate abolition of the trade, but he did devise a comprehensive plan for reforming both it and the institution of slavery, that in the very long term would make both redundant.

“The lungs of a ship”: Ventilation, acclimatization, and labor in the maritime environment, 1740–1800

2021 ◽  
pp. 007327532110464
Author(s):  
Paul E Sampson
Keyword(s):  
British Empire ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Medical Discourse ◽  
Natural Philosopher ◽  
The West ◽  
Transatlantic Slave Trade ◽  
Tropical Environments ◽  
Slave Ships ◽  
Maritime Environment

This article examines the connection between projects for shipboard ventilation and the shifting medical discourse about acclimatization in the British Empire during the eighteenth century. I argue that the design, use, and disuse of a class of shipboard “ventilators” proposed by natural philosopher Stephen Hales helps us to trace changing ideas about the ability of European bodies to acclimate, or “season,” to tropical environments. These ventilating machines appealed to British administrators because they represented an embodiment of providential and enlightened ideas that validated the expansion of overseas empire. In addition, they promised to increase labor efficiency by reducing the mortality and misery experienced by the sailors and enslaved people during long sea voyages. As skepticism about acclimatization grew in response to stubbornly high mortality rates in the West Indies, Hales’ ventilators fell out of favor – a development underscored by their dismissal as a potential solution for the appalling conditions found in the transatlantic slave trade. By examining ventilators’ nearly fifty-year career in naval and slave ships, this article will show the role of technology and the shipboard environment in the transition from enlightened optimism about acclimatization toward later attitudes of racial and environmental essentialism.

Human Toxoplasmosis: Proceedings of the Conference on Clinical Aspects and Diagnostic Problems of Toxoplamosis in Pediatrics at the VIII International Congress of Paediatrics, Copenhagen

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 336-336
Author(s):  
HARRY A. FELDMAN
Keyword(s):  
International Congress ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Diagnostic Problems ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Introductory Discussion

This Conference, organized by the editor and participated in by representatives from 12 countries, was the largest meeting ever to be concerned with this subject. Although the Conference was held in 1956, the material presented was revised by the contributors in 1959. Thus, the monograph probably represents the greatest amount of information available on the subject of toxoplasmosis in a single volume. Following some prefatory remarks by Prof. P. Plum, there is an introductory discussion, by Dr. Albert B. Sabin, of the status of problems posed by toxoplasmosis in pediatrics. There then follow six sections, each made up of contributions by participants from various countries.

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