The process of physiotherapy in patients treated for colorectal cancer

Breast cancer is a global problem, causes many deaths worldwide, and the emergence of disability resulting from treatment. Physiotherapy is a 24/7 process. It is very often limited to just a few minutes of exercise a day, which is not enough. The aim of the work is to propose physiotherapeutic treatment in women after radical mastectomy and to present diagnostic problems caused by SARS-CoV-2 pandemics, which negatively affect cancer prevention.

Proposed physiotherapeutic procedure in the treatment of breast cancer

Breast cancer is a global problem, causes many deaths worldwide, and the emergence of disability resulting from treatment. Physiotherapy is a 24/7 process. It is very often limited to just a few minutes of exercise a day, which is not enough. The aim of the work is to propose physiotherapeutic treatment in women after radical mastectomy and to present diagnostic problems caused by SARS-CoV-2 pandemics, which negatively affect cancer prevention.

The diagnostic problems if right-sided heart failure patient with cardiomyopathy cirrhosis

Heart failure may cause liver damage, known as cardiomyopathy cirrhosis. Conversely, liver disease could also lead to heart failure and cardiovascular abnormalities. Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy is a relatively rare disease. Diagnosis should be found out as early as possible to prevent complications. Unfortunately, epidemiology data of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy is still limited, and the prevalence is still not precisely known. Hence, we reported a case of a young man with the main problem of right-sided heart failure and suspected cardiac cirrhosis with unclear manifestation. This case has a good outcome so that we hope this report could give a great reference on treating cardiomyopathy cirrhosis.

Data privacy preserving federated transfer learning in machinery fault diagnostics using prior distributions

Federated learning has been receiving increasing attention in the recent years, which improves model performance with data privacy among different clients. The intelligent fault diagnostic problems can be largely benefited from this emerging technology since the private data generally cannot leave local storage in the real industries. While promising federated learning performance has been achieved in the literature, most studies assume data from different clients are independent and identically distributed. In the real industrial scenarios, due to variations in machines and operating conditions, the data distributions are generally different across different clients, that significantly deteriorates the performance of federated learning. To address this issue, a federated transfer learning method is proposed in this article for machinery fault diagnostics. Under the condition that data from different clients cannot be communicated, prior distributions are proposed to indirectly bridge the domain gap. In this way, client-invariant features can be extracted for diagnostics while the data privacy is preserved. Experiments on two rotating machinery datasets are implemented for validation, and the results suggest the proposed method offers an effective and promising approach for federated transfer learning in fault diagnostic problems.

Avoiding Over- and Underdiagnosis

This chapter analyzes two examples, one from endocrinology and one from neuroscience, to show that undertreatment and overtreatment are major medical issues that are very much intertwined with the twin diagnostic problems of under- and overdiagnosis. If physicians do not correctly diagnose a disease (or if they miss it altogether), then there is very little hope that they will be able to treat it effectively. On the other hand, if physicians diagnose “disease” that does not cause suffering for the patient, then they might end up causing the patient harm from the subsequent overtreatment of the condition. Therefore, in addition to research on the causal basis of diseases, physicians also need to improve their diagnostic practices by carefully selecting the appropriate screening and/or diagnostic tests and by appealing to clinical findings to aid in interpretation of their results.

USING ASSOCIATIVE RULE CONSTRUCTION METHODS TO IDENTIFY RISK GROUPS IN PATIENTS’ DIAGNOSTIC FINDINGS

The article considers the application of the Apriori association rule construction algorithm to analyze the results of the thyroid gland ultrasound examination. The algorithm is applied to solve a specific problem of organizational support of the thyroid gland examination. A software toolkit has been developed that allows physicians to apply the specified algorithm to carry out the necessary research in the process of solving diagnostic problems.

Age-specific incidence of herpes simplex infection in the light of clinical appearance

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is extremely common in both children and adults. HSV has two serotypes, HSV-1 primarily causes orolabial while HSV-2 anogenital symptoms. In recent decades there has been a change in the predilection to affected anatomical regions in both serotypes, participation of HSV-1 serotype in genital infections is increasing. The primary acquisition of HSV-1 has increasingly shifted from early childhood to young adulthood over the past years. Asymptomatic infection and virulence factors are crucial in the spread of the virus. Cutaneous symptoms, erosions and crusted lesions after vesicular stage present various differential diagnostic problems in the involved regions. Early diagnosis and timely adequate therapy in serious cases are essential as well as suppressive treatment of recurrent symptoms. Several clinical trials are underway to develop more effective antivirals. Vaccination against HSV would be a key to prevent latent infections, transmission and reactivation. The authors present characteristics of HSV, age-specific clinical manifestations, differential diagnostic problems and adequate treatment strategies.