The Formation of Pan-Arab Ideology in the Interwar Years

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ernest Dawn
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
World War ◽  
Arab Nationalism ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Opposition Movement ◽  
Muslim Brothers ◽  
Pre World War Ii

Arab nationalism arose as an opposition movement in Ottoman Syria, Palestine, and Iraq around the turn of the century. It remained a minority movement until the Ottoman collapse in 1918, but after the Ottoman defeat it became the overwhelmingly dominant movement in these territories where, except for some Lebanese, all successful politicians were Arab nationalists during the interwar years. Just what Arab nationalism meant to its proponents at the time, however, has been difficult to determine. The period only dimly figures in studies of Arab nationalism. Full studies have been devoted to survivors from the past, Rashid Rida⊃ and Shakib Arsian, to Sati⊂ al-Husri (al-Husari), a relative newcomer whose greatest prominence was to be in the 1940s and 1950s, and to the Muslim Brothers, who arrived on the scene even later, whose influence was to lie in the future, and who, like Rida⊃, were not considered to be primarily Arab nationalists. Otherwise, hardly a scant handful of pre-World War II Arab nationalist writers, and these from the late 1930s, receive even casual mention.

Freud's Roman Holiday: Dismembering Civilization and its Discontents

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-164
Author(s):  
Mary Jacobus
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Ancient Rome ◽  
Literary Interpretation ◽  
World War ◽  
Death Drive ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
European Civilization ◽  
Pre World War Ii

Freud's Civilization and its Discontents (1930) reveals the dynamics of dismemberment or death drive within Freud's text and literary interpretation. Freud's main source for his archeological analogy derives from Lanciani, exponent of the destruction of ancient Rome. Lanciani argued that man was responsible for the destruction of Rome: Freud argues that civilization is responsible for man's unhappiness. Freud's archeological sources cannot help but be read by today's readers in the light of the later destruction of European civilization, especially Jewish civilization, during World War II. Freud's pre-World War II text thus manifests a form of Nachträglichkeit or traumatic return of the past in the future.

scholarly journals EVERYTHING BUT THE SQUEAL

1962 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
P. M. Morley
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
World War ◽  
Primary Processing ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Forest Industries ◽  
Logging Residue ◽  
Multiple Product

Foresters are now in a better position than at any time in the past to get the maximum use out of our forest resources. Since World War II, the forest industries in Canada have tended more and more towards multiple product operations. The problem of transportation is being solved either by more primary processing in the woods, by better use of "residues" at the mill, or by the formation of mill aggregates. In the future, we may look for more attention being paid towards the better utilization of logging residue.

Social Control and the Volksschule in Vormärz Prussia

1983 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Barkin
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Economic History ◽  
National Socialism ◽  
German History ◽  
World War ◽  
The Past ◽  
Pre World War Ii

The ascension to power and twelve-year rule of National Socialism has had an enormous and continuing impact on the writing of German history. Since the early fifties, the leitmotiv of scholarship has been the search for the origins of Nazi successes in the peculiarities of Germany's or rather Prussia's history in the nineteenth century. Even with the emergence of social and economic history in the late sixties, the task of unearthing National Socialism's roots remained unchanged, although the tools altered and a more sophisticated strategy was adopted. A pervasive tendency developed to view all contemporary institutions as props of the authoritarian Prussian regime. Whereas pre–World War II scholarship glorified the Prussian past uncritically, the past two decades have witnessed across-the-board condemnation.

scholarly journals “THE SHAWL”, THE SUBALTERN, AND THE CASE OF THE SUBALTERN GENOCIDE

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-160
Author(s):  
Natan Gultom
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Jewish Woman ◽  
Concentration Camp ◽  
World War ◽  
Subaltern Studies ◽  
Holocaust Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Relationship

Holocaust studies post-World War II have found ways in intersecting to other studies within the Postmodern era. In 1980, a short-story “The Shawl” was written depicting a holocaust brutality done towards the Jews. The story revolves around a Jewish woman, Rosa, that lived through the bitterness of seeing her daughter, Magda, being slaughtered in a concentration camp. In the context of “The Shawl”, this article would like to describe the relationship between holocaust studies and the subaltern studies within postcolonialism. Furthermore, this article discusses if there are hints “The Shawl” invokes a sentiment for the Jews to take revenge towards their former oppressors. The aim of this article is to further the argument “The Shawl” has no characteristics of taking revenge which eventually leads to subaltern genocide. “The Shawl” functions better as a remembrance so generations of the future do not repeat the horrors of the past.

scholarly journals Water and Warfare: The Evolution and Operation of the Water Taboo

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 84-125
Author(s):  
Charlotte Grech-Madin
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
International Conflict ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Process Tracing ◽  
Human History ◽  
World War ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The Future ◽  
Research And Policy

Abstract For much of human history, water was a standard weapon of war. In the post–World War II period, however, nation-states in international conflict have made concerted efforts to restrain the weaponization of water. Distinct from realist and rationalist explanations, the historical record reveals that water has come to be governed by a set of intersubjective standards of behavior that denounce water's involvement in conflict as morally taboo. How did this water taboo develop, and how does it matter for nation-states? Focused process-tracing illuminates the taboo's development from the 1950s to the 2010s, and indicates that (1) a moral aversion to using water as a weapon exists; (2) this aversion developed through cumulative mechanisms of taboo evolution over the past seventy years; and (3) the taboo influences states at both an instrumental level of compliance, and, in recent decades, a more internalized level. These findings offer new avenues for research and policy to better understand and uphold this taboo into the future.

Boundary Fluidity and Ideology: A Comparison of Japan's pre-World War II and Present Regionalisms

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
LYDIA N. YU JOSE
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
World War ◽  
The Past ◽  
East Asian Community ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Looking Back ◽  
Pre World War Ii

AbstractThere is a question that has not been raised in the literature on Japan's regionalism: Why does it have a strong tendency toward making the boundary of the proposed East Asian community fluid? By looking back beyond the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere of the 1940s, a method hitherto untried, the paper shows that this Japanese propensity was also present in the first half of the twentieth century, especially in the 1920s and 1930s. Moreover, both then and now, Japan did not and does not have a firm adherence to an ideology. These are two similarities between the pre-World War II period and the present (from the 1960s). On the other hand, Japan's present international situation is very different from its pre-World War II position. The paper uses the logic of the ‘most different cases’ comparative method, which states that in two cases that are different in most aspects but the same in some, one or some of the similarities may explain the other similarity or similarities. It concludes that in both periods, the lack of a firm commitment to an ideology explains Japan's prejudice toward boundary fluidity. This explanation has the potential to contribute to a more comprehensive, if not yet a general theory of Japan's approach to regionalism because it applies not only to the present, but to the past as well. And it has to be stressed, the past refersnot onlyto the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere of the 1940s but also to the decades before.

scholarly journals The cult of holy death in the socialist Yugoslavia

2017 ◽  
pp. 621-633
Author(s):  
Kosta Nikolic
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Public Memory ◽  
World War ◽  
The Past ◽  
Official Policy ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Future ◽  
Memory Control ◽  
Better Than

In Communist Yugoslavia there was a developed process of joint memory control through the glorification of war as ?the originator of the nation?. The symbol of the soldier?s readiness to sacrifice himself at the altar of the homeland became the subliminal memory of war, but also one of the clearest reflections of the present, which has created ideas of the past. In the process of creating the identity of the Yugoslav community, the key elements were represented by different types of memorialization of World War II and the glorification of sacrificing fallen Partisans. The official public memory as a model of society interpreted the present through the past. In that sense, the official policy of recollections encouraged the belief that the future would be better than the past and that the temporary present was just one of the stages of the progress.

Style and Subjectivity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine E. Clark
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Julius Caesar ◽  
Press Coverage ◽  
Historical Imagination ◽  
World War ◽  
The Past ◽  
Visual Vocabulary ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

Parisians’ interest in photography’s potential as a historical medium gained increasing purchase after World War II, as exemplified by the celebrations of the Bimillénaire de Paris, a public festival to commemorate Paris’s two thousandth birthday, the two millennia since the arrival of Julius Caesar. Exhibitions, press coverage, and books sold photography to the world as the future of studying the past. Faced with the specter of Paris—and France’s—global decline, writers, magazine editors, and municipal officials nonetheless leaned heavily on old prints, paintings, and their historical styles in order to call forth better times from the city’s venerated past. They contributed to Paris’s visual vocabulary, a set of standard image subjects and styles that knit the past into the present both on the printed page and in the historical imagination.

Nostos, Nostalgia and Italian Migration

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Franc Sturino
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
North America ◽  
World War ◽  
The Past ◽  
Permanent Settlement ◽  
Return Home ◽  
Immigrant Experience ◽  
Post War ◽  
Pre World War Ii

The Italian immigrant experience in North America is discussed in relation to the concepts of nostos and nostalgia. The first term, normally referring to the return home from a sea voyage, is discussed comparing the foundational account of nostos, the Odyssey, with the early sojourn phase of Italian migration. By comparison, nostalgia, which can take the form either of homesickness or a longing for the past, is found in the permanent settlement phase, wherein the sense of homesickness predominates pre-World War II while that of longing for the past best defines the post-war period.

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