scholarly journals EMPIRE AND THE HAJJ: PILGRIMS, PLAGUES, AND PAN-ISLAM UNDER BRITISH SURVEILLANCE, 1865–1908

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 290a-290a
Author(s):  
Michael Christopher Low
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Sacred Space ◽  
Ocean Basin ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Epidemic Diseases

During the late 19th century, British supremacy in the Red Sea and Indian Ocean basin increasingly brought the hajj under the surveillance and regulation of non-Muslim powers. With the development of steamship travel and the opening of the Suez Canal came rapid growth in the number of oceangoing pilgrims. Colonial authorities eventually identified the steamship-era hajj as both a conduit for the spread of epidemic diseases, such as cholera and plague, and a critical outlet for the growth of Pan-Islamic networks being forged among Indian dissidents, pilgrims, and the Ottoman Empire. As a result, the British and Ottoman empires engaged in a contestation of sacred space in which the stakes ranged from suzerainty over the Hijaz and the administration of the hajj to even larger questions of hegemony in the Red Sea, the Indian Ocean, and even dār al-Islām as a whole

From Istanbul with Love

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Santos Alves
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Mediterranean

The political and diplomatic contacts established over the course of the 1560s are one of the most important chronological and symbolic landmarks of relations between the Sultanate of Aceh and the Ottoman Empire. Recently discovered documents from several European archives have revealed new protagonists, facts, and political, diplomatic and economic articulations encompassing the Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean, with important ramifications for Southeast Asia. This chapter focuses, above all, on the activities of the espionage and counter-espionage networks, based in Istanbul, but scattered across various Mediterranean ports. These networks were headed by eminent figures from the Jewish and Portuguese New Christian financial and commercial circles, who were close to Süleyman I as well as his successor Selim II. The intelligence produced by these networks during the 1560s is mainly focused on the spice routes from Southeast Asia (particularly Aceh) through the Maldives to the Red Sea.

The Ottoman Empire and the Indian Ocean

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. S. Peacock
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
The West ◽  
Indian Ocean Trade ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Western Half

With its conquest of the Arab lands in the 16th century, the Ottoman Empire (1300–1923) came to control some of the major entrepots of the Indian Ocean trade in the west. This expansion, however, also brought the Ottomans into confrontation with the Portuguese, who were seeking to establish a monopoly of the lucrative spice trade. In the first half of the 16th century, Ottoman involvement was limited to the western half of the Indian Ocean, but in the later 16th century, the Southeast Asian sultanate of Aceh forged an alliance with the Ottomans, which, if short-lived in practice, was to attain considerable symbolic importance in later times. Ottoman involvement in the Indian Ocean resumed in the 19th century, again as a reaction to European colonial activities. In the meantime, both commercial and religious links, in particular the hajj, meant that the Ottomans had a prominent role in the Indian Ocean despite only controlling limited littoral territories.

Битвазапрошлое:храмсвятогоГеоргия вИзраавэпицентре церковно-политическойборьбыконцаXIXв.

2019 ◽  
pp. 256-281
Author(s):  
E.M. Kopot`
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Church

The article brings up an obscure episode in the rivalry of the Orthodox and Melkite communities in Syria in the late 19th century. In order to strengthen their superiority over the Orthodox, the Uniates attempted to seize the church of St. George in Izraa, one of the oldest Christian temples in the region. To the Orthodox community it presented a threat coming from a wealthier enemy backed up by the See of Rome and the French embassy. The only ally the Antioch Patriarchate could lean on for support in the fight for its identity was the Russian Empire, a traditional protector of the Orthodox Arabs in the Middle East. The documents from the Foreign Affairs Archive of the Russian Empire, introduced to the scientific usage for the first time, present a unique opportunity to delve into the history of this conflict involving the higher officials of the Ottoman Empire as well as the Russian embassy in ConstantinopleВ статье рассматривается малоизвестный эпизод соперничества православной и Мелкитской общин в Сирии в конце XIX века. Чтобы укрепить свое превосходство над православными, униаты предприняли попытку захватить церковь Святого Георгия в Израа, один из старейших христианских храмов в регионе. Для православной общины он представлял угрозу, исходящую от более богатого врага, поддерживаемого Римским престолом и французским посольством. Единственным союзником, на которого Антиохийский патриархат мог опереться в борьбе за свою идентичность, была Российская Империя, традиционный защитник православных арабов на Ближнем Востоке. Документы из архива иностранных дел Российской Империи, введены в научный оборот впервые, уникальная возможность углубиться в историю этого конфликта с участием высших должностных лиц в Османской империи, а также российского посольства в Константинополе.

scholarly journals Inhabiting Relingos: Horizontal Harlem, Told Vertically

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Huxley
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Rich Variety ◽  
Academic Scholarship ◽  
Cultural Renaissance ◽  
American Author ◽  
Definition Of

 From the period of its development during the late 19th century, Harlem has experienced rapid growth, both spatially and aesthetically. A rich variety of literature has emerged, and continues to emerge, from its diverse and multicultural scene, prompting a new critical approach in academic scholarship. This thesis explores the transnational impact of Harlem, from the emergence of its cultural renaissance to its contemporary aesthetic presence. Specifically, it will consider the recently published work of Latin-American author Valeria Luiselli, discussing the transnational dimensions of her novel, and the re-definition of Harlem as a space without aesthetic or spatial boundaries.

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