United States: Environmental Protection Agency Regulations on the Discharge of Pollutants Under the Water Pollution Control Act

1973 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 680-692
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
María N Murga Juárez ◽  
Rey Gutiérrez Tolentino ◽  
Salvador Vega y León ◽  
José J Pérez González ◽  
Beatriz Schettino Bermúdez ◽  
...  

La presencia de plaguicidas organoclorados en el ambiente es preocupante por su persistencia, potencial de transporte a larga distancia y grado de toxicidad para la fauna y los seres humanos. En México, Chiapas ocupa el primer lugar en la producción de alimentos orgánicos, y Tecpatán es el principal municipio productor de leche orgánica. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la presencia de plaguicidas organoclorados en forraje para ganado lechero en unidades de producción de leche orgánica. Se eligieron tres unidades de producción de leche orgánica y se colectaron muestras de forraje y leche en cada unidad. Los plaguicidas se extrajeron y purificaron con base en lo establecido por la USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency) y se analizaron por cromatografía de gases con detector de captura de electrones. Los compuestos que rebasaron el límite máximo permisible según el Codex Alimentarius fueron lindano, heptacloro + epóxido de heptacloro y aldrín + dieldrín (37.5 ± 84, 62 ± 125 y 20 ± 50 ng.g-1 base grasa, respectivamente). En las muestras de forraje los valores más altos fueron alfa + beta-HCH, lindano y heptacloro + epóxido de heptacloro (76.3 ± 140, 43 ± 105 ng.g-1 y 40 ± 76 ng.g-1 peso seco). Es probable que la destacada presencia de estos compuestos se deba a su utilización en el control de vectores en campañas de salud o de ectoparásitos del ganado de la región por parte de productores convencionales.


Author(s):  
Luann J. Lynch ◽  
Almand R. Coleman ◽  
Cameron Cutro ◽  
Cameron Cutro

In September 2015, VW had admitted to United States regulators that it had deliberately installed “defeat devices” in many of its diesel cars, which enabled the cars to cheat on federal and state emissions tests, making them able to pass the tests and hit ambitious mileage and performance targets while actually emitting up to 40 times more hazardous gases into the atmosphere than legally allowed. The discovery had prompted the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to halt final certification of VW’s 2016 diesel models, and VW itself had halted sales of its 2015 models. As fallout from the defeat devices developed, VW posted its first quarterly loss in more than 15 years, and its stock plummeted. Top executives were replaced, and VW abandoned its goal of becoming the world’s largest automaker. Stakeholders around the world had been asking since the scandal broke: “How could this have happened at Volkswagen?”


1972 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 715-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Fri

Each of us shares a concern for the deterioration of our environment, its abuse, and misuse. And I know that we share a sense of urgency about the need to halt this deterioration and win the struggle for a clean and wholesome relationship between man and his environment. This concern for the condition of the physical world is not a special interest, but cuts across social and economic strata and across generations. It is the product of a nearly universal understanding of the problem and of the deadly consequences of inaction. There is a growing realization among all of us that pollution control must become a way of life in this nation, and that it must remain a way of life. We know now that in exploiting our resources we have been exploiting ourselves. The Environmental Protection Agency, (EPA), was born of public demand for a cohesive, national effort to defend and enhance the environment. Establishment of EPA as an independent agency, with Administrator William Ruckelshaus reporting directly to the President, has impressively heightened the efficiency and effectiveness of our national effort and insured the independent advocacy of our programs. The programs of EPA, present and projected, are action-oriented; we are moving quickly to solve the problems we can solve, and have taken steps to learn how to solve others we currently understand less well.


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