scholarly journals Release of orange-fleshed sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas [l.] Lam.) cultivars in Mozambique through an accelerated breeding scheme

2016 ◽  
Vol 155 (6) ◽  
pp. 919-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. ANDRADE ◽  
J. RICARDO ◽  
A. NAICO ◽  
A. ALVARO ◽  
G. S. MAKUNDE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Genetic Enhancement ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Breeding Scheme ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Iron And Zinc

SUMMARYSweetpotato breeding requires at least 5 years to obtain an advanced breeding clone for further testing with the goal of cultivar release. An accelerated breeding scheme (ABS) can be feasible if the genotype × year interaction is low. The objectives of the present study were to describe an ABS for sweetpotato and to investigate the efficiency of this breeding scheme for selecting high-yielding and well-adapted orange-fleshed sweetpotato (OFSP) cultivars with high β-carotene (BC) content. More than 198 500 seeds from two crossing blocks were germinated and rapidly multiplied for evaluation in observation trials at four breeding locations in Mozambique. Breeding clones with storage root yields above 10 t/ha were advanced to preliminary and advanced yield trials across four sites and for 3 years. As a result, 64 high-yielding OFSP breeding clones were selected and evaluated in four mega-environments following a randomized complete block design with three replicates at Angónia, Chókwè, Gurúè and Umbelúzi. Data from multi-environment trials were subjected to single site and combined analysis of variance as well as to stability analysis. The genotype × environment interaction was highly significant for storage root and vine yields, dry matter (DM) and BC content. Storage root yield and DM content for 15 OFSP breeding clones ranged from 14·9 to 27·1 t/ha and from 24·8 to 32·8%, respectively. BC content, iron and zinc ranged from 5·9 to 38·4, 1·6 to 2·1 and 1·1 to 1·5 mg/100 g dry weight, respectively. The OFSP breeding clones also met the culinary tastes required by local consumers in Mozambique. The proposed ABS seems to be an attractive scheme for genetic enhancement of sweetpotato.

scholarly journals Genotype × Environment Interaction and Stability Analysis for Root Yield in Sweet Potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam]

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel C. Ebem ◽  
Solomon O. Afuape ◽  
Samuel C. Chukwu ◽  
Benjamin E. Ubi
Keyword(s):  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Fresh Root

Sweet potato breeding in Africa, more especially in Nigeria, has mainly focused on improving productivity on farmers' fields and on fresh root consumption. In order to target the breeding program, the study was conducted to estimate the magnitude of genotype × environment interaction (G × E) and to select stable and high yielding sweet potato genotypes for fresh root yield and root Cylas severity in two locations, and to identify the most discriminating and representative test environments in Nigeria. The 41 genotypes were evaluated across two diverse environments using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Data were collected on total number of roots per plant, number and weight of marketable roots per plant, fresh root yield, and root Cylas severity. The data were subjected to analysis of variance using the Generalized Linear Model procedure of SAS 9.2 where genotype was treated as a fixed factor and replication treated as a random variable. Stability analysis was conducted using Genotype and Genotype x Environment Interaction (GGE) bi-plot. Environment, genotype, and G × E interaction variances were highly significant (p < 0.01) among the assessed agronomic traits. Moreover, the analysis of variance revealed highly significant (p < 0.01) differences among genotypes, environments, and G × E interaction effects for all the studied traits. The GGE biplot analyses identified three promising genotypes—G13, G11, and G14—that possess both high mean root yield and high stability, closest to the ideal genotype for root performance and consistency of performance across environments. This study provides valuable information that could be utilized in a breeding program to ameliorate local clones of sweet potato in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Adaptation to mid-season drought in a sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam) germplasm collection grown in Mozambique

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Godwill S. Makunde ◽  
Maria I. Andrade ◽  
Jose Ricardo ◽  
Abilio Alvaro ◽  
Joana Menomussanga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Root Yield

AbstractDrought has negative effects on sweetpotato production. Two experiments with two watering treatments (irrigated and water-stressed) were conducted at Umbeluzi Research Station in 2015. The objectives were to (i) determine response of 48 sweetpotato germplasms to mid-season drought, (ii) determine best traits for improvement of storage root yield under mid-season drought and (iii) assess the selection criteria for identifying drought tolerance in sweetpotato germplasms. The irrigated and water- stressed trials received 640 and 400 mm of water, respectively, throughout the season. Water stress was imposed from 30 to 70 days after planting. Each treatment had two replicates arranged in a randomized complete block design. Data collected on storage root and vine yield and derived drought tolerance indices including harvest index were subjected to analysis of variance in R. Sweetpotato germplasms with high storage root yield under mid-season drought were associated with a high harvest index. Harvest index stability and the geometric mean are key to identifying cultivars with high and stable storage root yield under both treatments. MUSGP0646-126, Irene and Ivone combined both low TOL, SSI, HI and high yield storage root yield across the treatments and over seasons. The use of drought and harvest indices is encouraged for selecting improved cultivars for varied production environments and their regular use in accelerated breeding schemes is suggested.

scholarly journals Genotype×environment interaction effects on early fresh storage root yield and related traits in cassava

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 329-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robooni Tumuhimbise ◽  
Rob Melis ◽  
Paul Shanahan ◽  
Robert Kawuki
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Effects ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction

scholarly journals Genotype × Environment Interaction of Mosaic Disease, Root Yields and Total Carotene Concentration of Yellow-Fleshed Cassava in Nigeria

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norbert G. Maroya ◽  
Peter Kulakow ◽  
Alfred G. O. Dixon ◽  
Busie B. Maziya-Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Sum Of Squares ◽  
Cassava Mosaic Disease ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Agroecological Zones

Twenty-one yellow-fleshed cassava genotypes were evaluated over two years in five major cassava growing agroecological zones in Nigeria. The trials were established in a randomized complete block design with four replications to assess genotype performance and Genotype × Environment interaction for cassava mosaic disease (CMD), fresh and dry root yield (FYLD; DYLD), root dry matter content (DMC), and total carotene concentration (TCC). Combined analysis of variance showed significant differences (P<0.001) among genotypes (G), environment (E), and Genotype × Environment interaction (GE) for all the traits tested. For reaction to CMD, the best genotypes showing stable resistance were TMS 07/0539 and TMS 07/0628. For root yield, the best genotypes were TMS 01/1368 and TMS 07/0553. Genotype TMS 07/0593 was the best for DMC and TCC across the 10 environments. Variation among genotypes accounted for most of the Total Sum of Squares for CMD (72.1%) and TCC (34.4%). Environmental variation accounted for most of the Total Sum of Squares for FYLD (42.8%), DYLD (39.6%), and DMC (29.2%). This study revealed that TMS 07/0593 has the highest and most stable TCC, DMC with the lowest CMD severity score and appeared to be the best genotype.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF GYPSUM ON EARLY GROWTH AND YIELD OF SWEET POTATO.

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1078a-1078
Author(s):  
E. Niyonsaba ◽  
E. G. Rhoden ◽  
P. K. Biswas ◽  
G.W. Carver
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
And Storage

A study was conducted to assess the effects of gypsum on the early growth and storage root yield of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) cvs `Jewel', `Goergia Jet' and `TI-155'. Three rates of gypsum were applied (1.03, 2.06 and 3.09 tons/acre). These represented half, recommended and 1.5 recommended levels. The experiment was a randomized complete block design with a split plot arrangement of treatment. Leaf area, total dry matter, leaf dry matter and stat-age root weight were recorded at 30-day intervals. Plants receiving half the recommended levels of gypsum produced the highest total storage root dry matter (0.306 t/a) and the highest leaf dry matter (0.116 t/a). Although a positive relationship exists between leaf dry matter and storage root yield between 90 and 120 days, there was no such relationship between those parameters either at 30 and 60 days or 60 and 90 days after transplanting.

scholarly journals ADAPTABILITY AND STABILITY FOR IRON AND ZINC IN COWPEA BY AMMI ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 590-598
Author(s):  
CARLOS ENRIQUE CARDONA-AYALA ◽  
HERMES ARAMENDIZ-TATIS ◽  
MIGUEL MARIANO ESPITIA CAMACHO
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Ammi Analysis ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Ammi Model ◽  
Main Effects

ABSTRACT Iron and zinc deficiency is one of the main problems affecting vulnerable populations in the Colombian Caribbean, thereby generating malnutrition from the consumption of foods with low content of essential minerals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genotype-environment interaction for iron and zinc accumulation in grains in 10 cowpea bean genotypes by additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model and to select the most stable ones to stimulate their planting or as parents in the genetic improvement program. Nine promising lines and a commercial control were evaluated using the randomized complete block design with 10 treatments and four replications in 10 environments of the northern Colombia in the second semester of 2017 and first of 2018. The adaptability and stability analysis was done using AMMI model. The results showed highly significant differences at the level of environments, genotypes, and genotype-environment interaction for iron and zinc, demostrating a differential adaptability of genotypes in the test environments. Genotypes 2 and 3 expressed greater adaptability and stability for iron contents in the seed; while genotype 1, recorded it for zinc contents. These three genotypes outperformed the commercial control and, therefore, can be recommended for planting or be used as parents in the genetic improvement program.

Physiological determinants of storage root yield in three cassava genotypes under different nitrogen supply

2017 ◽  
Vol 155 (6) ◽  
pp. 978-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. PHUNTUPAN ◽  
P. BANTERNG
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Root Dry Weight

SUMMARYPhysiological traits can be used to improve the efficiency of selecting suitable genotypes to grow under nitrogen (N) limitation. The objective of the current study was to investigate the relationship between physiological characteristics and storage root yield of three cassava genotypes under three rates of N fertilizer. The experiments were conducted from 2014 to 2016 at farm fields in Thailand. A split-plot randomized complete block design with four replications was used. Three different rates of N fertilizer, i.e., 46·9, 90·0 and 133·2 kg N/ha and three cassava genotypes, Rayong 9, Rayong 11 and Kasetsart 50, were used. Kasetsart 50 had the highest mean performance for most crop traits. Growth rate of stem (SGR), storage root (SRGR) and crop (CGR) during 180–210 days after planting (DAP) and leaf area index (LAI) at 120 DAP were related to storage root dry weight for all three rates of N fertilizer. Storage root growth during 90–120 DAP, CGR during 180–210 DAP and specific leaf area (SLA) at 210 DAP contributed most to storage root dry weight of the three genotypes grown at 46·9 kg N/ha, while the combination of SRGR during 90–120 DAP, SRGR during 180–210 DAP, LAI at 210 DAP and SLA at 210 DAP was best for N fertilizer at 90·0 kg N/ha and the combination of leaf growth rate (LGR) during 180–210 DAP and LAI at 210 DAP was best for N fertilizer at 133·2 kg N/ha.

scholarly journals Performance of improved sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.) cultivars under different soil types of Samoa

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Taniela K. Siose ◽  
Danilo F. Guinto
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
And Storage

There is need to diversify crop production in Samoa which currently depends mainly on taro crop, that has proved to be susceptible to fungus and other diseases, to as safeguard against risks of crop failures and adapt to climatic changes. The potential of introducing sweetpotato as a second staple food in Samoa is explored in this study. The study analyses the suitability of sweetpotato cultivars in Samoan agro-environment and major soil types. For this purpose a twenty week pot experiment was conducted to investigate the performance of three improved sweetpotato cultivars (IB/PR/12, IB/PR/13 and IB/PH/03) on four different types of soils in Samoa (Savaia calcareous sandy loam, Matafa’a red acidic, Faleula silty clay and Saleimoa silty clay) in a factorial arrangement of treatments in randomised complete block design with three replications. Results revealed that soil type had a significant effect on vine growth, and storage root yield with the best yield obtained in the silty clay soils having high K content. Retarded plant growth observed under the acidic soil having low K content resulted in lowest storage root yield. A significant varietal difference was recorded in sweetpotato growth and yield. IB/PH/03 was inferior in vine length, but produced comparatively highest number of vines per plant, and storage root yield attesting its adaptability in all the four tested soil types of Samoa and has potentiality to be promoted for wider adoption. A follow-up field study is needed to verify our preliminary results under pot culture on different soil types of Samoa.

scholarly journals Determination of limiting nutrient to Sweetpotato (L.) growth on Samoa Oxisol using a Ipomoea batatas Nutrient Omission Technique

2017 ◽  
pp. 105-119
Author(s):  
Taniela Siose ◽  
Mohammed Kader ◽  
Anabella Tulin
Keyword(s):  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Nutrient Elements ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Set Up ◽  
All Treatment

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of various macro- and micronutrients on the growth and root yield of sweetpotato (variety IB/PH/03) grown in a Samoan Oxisol under semi-controlled screenhouse conditions. The following nutrient elements were considered: N, P, K, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mo, Mn, Ni, and Zn. The set-up involved pot nutrient omission trials wherein the twelve nutrient elements were combined to form an ALL treatment with subsequent 12 treatments made by excluding one nutrient consecutively from the ALL combinations. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications for all treatments while six for the ALL treatment. Results showed that P was the most limiting factor to sweetpotato vegetative growth and root yield. Reduced storage root yield in relation to ALL were also observed when N, P, K, S, B, Fe, Mn, Mo and Ni were not supplied, although the difference was insignificant. Thus unless P deficiency is addressed, the deficiency effects of these nutrients on storage root yield remain insignificant.

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