Effects of environment on spore germination and infection by broad bean rust (Uromyces viciae-fabae)

1997 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. JOSEPH ◽  
T. F. HERING
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Leaf Wetness ◽  
Artificial Light ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Bean Rust ◽  
Light Intensities

Urediospores of U. viciae-fabae (broad bean rust) germinated well in the range 5–26 °C, with fastest germination at 20 °C. Exposure to 30 °C gave poor germination and damaged the spores. Infection of Vicia faba leaves depended on a moisture film. At 20 °C some infection occurred with only 4 h leaf wetness, but longer wet periods up to 24 h gave increased infection. At lower temperatures, the infection process was slower and final pustule numbers were smaller. Spore germination was delayed by daylight and by all artificial light sources that contained far-red (700–800 nm) wavelengths. The delay was increased at higher light intensities. When spores were subjected to alternating periods of light and darkness, it was found that 40 min of darkness was sufficient for the irreversible induction of germination at 20 °C.

scholarly journals Early events in living epidermal cells of cowpea and broad bean during infection with basidiospores of the cowpea rust fungus

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 2279-2285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haixin Xu ◽  
Kurt Mendgen
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Appressorium Formation ◽  
Vigna Sinensis ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Uromyces Vignae ◽  
Defence Reactions

The infection process of basidiospores of the cowpea rust fungus (Uromyces vignae) was studied on living host (Vigna sinensis) and nonhost (Vicia faba) leaves using light microscopy with differential interference contrast optics. During the first 8 h, fungal development was similar on host and on nonhost leaves. Penetration and production of intraepidermal vesicles occurred in nonhost cells 4 h earlier than in host cells. Penetration frequency was also higher in nonhost leaves. These results suggest that the cuticle of the cowpea plant delays basidiospore infection. Both host and nonhost cells produced cytoplasmic aggregates during appressorium formation and again, a few hours later, during penetration of the epidermal cell wall. Cytoplasmic aggregates were also observed in cells adjacent to a collapsing cell. Papillae were observed at most infection sites in both host and nonhost cells. The nuclei of infected cells migrated towards the penetration site in both plant–pathogen combinations. Nuclear size increased considerably only in the nonhost epidermis and decreased again markedly after cell collapse. In the nonhost cells, three types of defence reactions occurred during or after formation of the intraepidermal vesicle. First, following the halt of cytoplasmic streaming, the cytoplasm of the invaded cell either contracted or disintegrated into granules. Alternatively, the cytoplasm continued streaming but darkly pigmented material encased the fungal infection structure. Key words: basidiospore, broad bean (Vicia faba), cowpea (Vigna sinensis), cowpea rust fungus (Uromyces vignae), hypersensitivity, nonhost resistance.

​Effects of Microbial Fertilizer and Vermicompost Applications on the Yield and Yield Related Parameters of Broad Bean (Vicia faba L.) under Eastern Mediterranean Highland Agroclimatic Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özge Uçar
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Einkorn Wheat ◽  
Fertile Crescent ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Location Methods

Background: This study was conducted to determine the effects of microbial fertilizer and vermicompost applications on the yield and yield related parameters of broad beans (Vicia faba L.) under zero chemical fertilizer applied conditions. Trial area was a highland remote to sea under Mediterranean climate in South Eastern Anatolia of Turkey. It is located in fertile crescent and 180 km away to Karacadag Mountains (Diyarbakir) where Einkorn wheat (Aegilops monococcum L.) was first cultivated in history approximately ten thousand years ago. The broad bean was also among the founder crops of the Near East including the trial location. Methods: Rhizobium leguminosarum inoculant were used as microbial fertilizer in the experiments. Applied vermicompost doses were 0, 400, 800 and 1200 kg ha-1. The trials was conducted for two years and replicated thrice in a randomized block deign. Conclusion: Application of vermicompost was found significantly effective on the plant height, first pod height, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 100 grain weight and grain yield. Aapplication of 800 kg ha-1 and 120 kg ha-1 vermicompost along with Rhizobium leguminosarum inoculation was found superior for grain yield.

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