Fertility norms and son preference in Morocco and Tunisia: does women's status matter?

1996 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Makhlouf Obermeyer
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Women's Status ◽  
Son Preference ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Women’S Status ◽  
Ideal Number ◽  
Using Data

SummaryThis paper investigates the normative and behavioural dimensions of son preference in Morocco and Tunisia, using data from the Demographic and Health Surveys of the two countries. It considers three measures of son preference: (1) mothers' ideal number of children, and any preference for having more sons than daughters; (2) the desire for additional children, given their existing family; (3) reported use of contraception in relation to the existing number of children of each sex. The analyses indicate a moderate preference for sons in both countries, and suggest that this preference is somewhat stronger in Tunisia. These findings are interpreted within the cultural context of the two countries, and in particular societal notions of women's status.

scholarly journals Discrepant Fertility in Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 83-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelita Alves de Carvalho ◽  
Laura L. R. Wong ◽  
Paula Miranda-Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Health Surveys ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Ideal Number ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Higher Educational Attainment ◽  
The Ideal

Two distinct groups with respect to realization of reproductive preferences coexist in Brazil: women who have more children than they would like and women whose reproductive period result in fewer children than they thought ideal. There is discrepant fertility in both cases. This study aims to enhance knowledge about this phenomenon by analyzing the discrepant fertility according to socio-demographic variables, especially for women who have fewer children than they desire and thus have a negative discrepant fertility (NDF). This study uses data from the National Demographic and Health Surveys for Women and Children from 1996 and 2006. The results show an increasing trend in NDF associated with fewer children, higher educational attainment, older age at first childbirth, and less time available to achieve the ideal number of children.

scholarly journals Do Spousal Intimate Relationships Affect Fertility Intentions and Preferences?

2021 ◽  
pp. 0192513X2110160
Author(s):  
Amir Erfani ◽  
Roya Jahanbakhsh
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Mate Selection ◽  
Risk Profile ◽  
Fertility Intentions ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Ideal Number ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

The fertility influence of spousal intimate relationships is unknown. Drawing on the Giddens’s theory of transformation of intimacy, this study proposed a hypothesis that couples supporting egalitarian intimate relationships, with a greater risk profile attached to the relationship, and having less attachments to the external normative pressures shaping marital relations, are more likely to have low-fertility intentions and preferences. Using data from a self-administered pilot survey ( n = 375 prospective grooms and brides) designed by the authors, and employing multivariate regression models, we found that the lower attachment to external social forces in mate selection was associated with the lower ideal number of children, and those with a greater spousal relational egalitarianism and a higher risk profile attached to their relationships preferred lower number of children and were less likely to intend to have children after marriage. The study sheds new light on the determinants of low fertility.

scholarly journals Determinants Of Fertility And Fertility Preferences In Pakistan: Comparative Secondary Analysis Of PDHS 2007-2013

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-38
Author(s):  
Aisha Jalil ◽  
Rubeena Zakar ◽  
Ahmed Usman ◽  
Aaisha Amjad
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Reproductive History ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Health Determinants ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Fertility Preferences ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Ideal Number ◽  
Social Demographics

Fertility rate is on gradual decline in Pakistan like other developing countries with increased acceptance of family planning methods. Pakistan Demographic and Health Surveys revealed a slow decline from 4.1 in 2007 to 3.8 children per woman in 2013. Despite availability of nationally representative primary data, empirical researches on demographic and health determinants of fertility and fertility preferences in Pakistan are rare. The aim of this study is to assess the major differences in factors determining fertility and fertility preferences in Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey 2006- 2007 and 2012-2013. Using two data sets Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey 2006-2007 and 2012-2013, researchers conducted a comparison of findings generated in secondary analyses. Researchers studied the association of social demographics, reproductive history and infant mortality with fertility and fertility preferences among ever-married women of reproductive age (15-49). Results are indicated using binary logistic regression and multivariate analysis. Findings support the association of social demographics of women, living sons, child mortality and reproductive history with ideal number of children; desire to reproduce more and number of living children. Injection induced labour pains, C-section deliveries, fistula problem, abortions and spotting during gestation are associated significantly with lower ideal number of children. Living sons are positively associated with ideal number of children and negatively associated with desire to reproduce more. The desire to reproduce more in association with women’s age 15-29, rural place of residence and C-section deliveries has reduced over time from 2007 to 2013 in country. Complications during pregnancies and delivery are important determinants of fertility and fertility preferences among women. Further research is needed to assess the association of pregnancy and delivery problems with fertility and fertility preferences in Pakistan.

Rising Women’s Status, Modernisation and Persisting Son Preference in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-109
Author(s):  
Wang Xiaolei ◽  
Li Lu ◽  
Zhou Xu Dong ◽  
Zhou Chi ◽  
Liu Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Women's Status ◽  
Son Preference ◽  
Women’S Status

DISAGREEMENT IN SPOUSAL REPORTS OF CURRENT CONTRACEPTIVE USE IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 779-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
STAN BECKER ◽  
MIAN B. HOSSAIN ◽  
ELIZABETH THOMSON
Keyword(s):  
Health Surveys ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Recent Period ◽  
Survey Question ◽  
Contraceptive Prevalence ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Using Data

Contraceptive prevalence is a key variable estimated from Demographic and Health Surveys. But the prevalence estimated from reports of husbands differs widely from that estimated for wives. In this research, using data from six Demographic and Health Surveys of sub-Saharan Africa, reports from spouses in monogamous couples with no other reported sex partners in the recent period are examined. Agreement ranged from 47% to 82%, but among couples in which one or both reported use, the ‘both’ category represented less than half in all nations except Zimbabwe. Husbands generally had higher reports of condoms, periodic abstinence and pills but fewer reports of the IUD, injections and female sterilization. Either discussion of family planning with the spouse and/or higher socioeconomic status was associated with agreement in most of the surveys. Ambiguities in the survey question regarding current use need to be reduced, perhaps with an added probe question for non-permanent methods.

scholarly journals Mortality Decline in Kenya: A Reexamination of Recent Under-Five Mortality Estimate

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Odwe ◽  
Anne Khasakhala ◽  
Titus Agwanda ◽  
Andrew Imbwaga ◽  
Zena Lyaga
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Mortality Decline ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Survival Status ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Mortality Estimate ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Mortality Estimates

This study examined the extent of birth displacement and its effect on the under-five mortality estimates in Kenya. Using data from 2003 and 2008/09 Kenya Demographic and Health Surveys, we evaluate the variability of birth displacement by region and place of residence based on the survival status of the child. We compute birth ratios for children born in the 5th calendar year preceding each survey and note the possible effect on under-five mortality estimates. Results show that under-five mortality estimates in 2008/09 survey are smaller than that of a similar period in 2003 survey by 17 percent. Overall, birth ratios for the 5th calendar year were below 100 percent suggesting presence of birth displacement. However, there was no variance in the displacement between surviving and dead children, hence modest impact on the under-five mortality rate. Evidence suggests that the remarkable decline in the under-five mortality rate recorded in 2008/09 is a function of both overestimation of mortality rate in 2003 survey and underestimation in 2008/09 survey. We recommend that data from more than one source be used to interpret under-five mortality decline and further research should be conducted linking the observed mortality decline to the delivery of known effective interventions.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal patterns of anemia among lactating mothers in Ethiopia using data from Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys (2005, 2011 and 2016)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. e0237147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alemneh Mekuriaw Liyew ◽  
Sewnet Adem Kebede ◽  
Chilot Desta Agegnehu ◽  
Achamyeleh Birhanu Teshale ◽  
Adugnaw Zeleke Alem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Surveys ◽  
Spatiotemporal Patterns ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
Using Data

Flesh and Bones

2020 ◽  
pp. 180-190
Author(s):  
Nicolas Bommarito
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Women's Status ◽  
Women's Bodies ◽  
Women’S Status ◽  
Sexist Attitudes ◽  
The Individual

This chapter discusses how many techniques in Buddhism involve reflecting in detail on physical bodies, both an individual’s own and those of others. These techniques typically emphasize the disgusting and repulsive aspects of each part of the human body. They also reveal ways in which the individual relates to their own body and subtle ways they are attracted to or repulsed by those of others. In traditional sources, women's bodies in particular are singled out for reflection and represented as impure and undesirable. As modern readers, this is one place where people are forced to consider the context of canonical Buddhist texts: Many were written by and for celibate monks in a cultural context where heterosexuality was assumed as the norm and women's status in society was far from equal to men's. There is no denying that today, such practices as written reinforce harmful body image norms and sexist attitudes. However, rather than pretending that such texts and practices do not exist, we are better off thinking about the underlying purpose of such reflections. This allows us to face up to uncomfortable historical facts while also illuminating how such practices might be adapted to be relevant in our own circumstances.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document