Discerning between Ambiguity and Ambivalence Using Range Responses

This brief note introduces the use of a range of responses rather than a single response for an opinion survey question. The methodological advantage of collecting this additional information is that it can help discern between ambiguity and ambivalence in situations where it is valuable to further investigate the nature of a respondent’s indecision.

MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA MELALUI PENERAPAN METODE SQ3R PADA SISWA KELAS X SMK MUHAMMADIYAH WATANSOPPENG

This study is intended to improve students’ reading skills through the implementation of the SQ3R method (Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review). This type of research is classroom action research which is carried out at SMK Muhammadiyah Watansoppeng. The research subjects were students of class X SMK Muhammadiyah Watansoppeng for the academic year 2021/2022 which consisted of 17 students, 9 males and 8 females. This classroom action research was carried out in a number of two cycles, in which each cycle followed the stages of planning, implementation, observation and reflection. Analyze data using quantitative analysis. The results showed that the application of the SQ3R method could improve the learning outcomes of class X students of SMK Muhammadiyah Watansoppeng. This increase can be seen from the results of the data analysis cycle 1 with an average acquisition of 79.23 and the percentage of completeness 70.59%. The lowest score is 70 and the highest score is 90 with a median of 79. While in cycle 2 the average score is 89.29, the lowest score is 80 and the highest score is 98, the median is 90 and the percentage of completeness is 100 %. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan membaca peserta didik melalui implementasi metode SQ3R (Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review). Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitin tindakan kelas (classroom action research) yang dilaksanakan di SMK Muhammadiyah Watansoppeng. Subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas X SMK Muhammadiyah Watansoppeng Tahun pelajaran 2021/2022 yang terdiri dari 17 siswa, 9 laki-laki dan 8 perempuan. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dilaksanakan sejumlah dua siklus yang mana pada setiap siklusnya mengikuti tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Untuk análisis data penulis gunakan análisis kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa penggunaan metode SQ3R dapat meningkatkan keterampilan membaca peserta didik kelas X SMK Muhammadiyah Watansoppeng. Peningkatan tersebut dapat dilihat dari hasil análisis data siklus 1 dengan rata-rata perolehan 79,23 serta persentase ketuntasan 70,59%. Perolehan skor terendah yaitu 70 dan skor tertinggi yaitu 90 dengan median 79. Sedangkan pada siklus 2 rata-rata skor perolehan yaitu 89,29, skor terendah yaitu 80 dan skor tertinggi 98, median sebesar 90 serta persentase ketuntasan yaitu 100%.

Something You Can See, Hear, and Feel: A Descriptive, Exploratory Mixed-Methods Analysis of Youths’ Articulations About Racism

This descriptive, exploratory, sequential mixed-methods study investigated youths’ articulations about racism via an open-ended survey question, and the extent to which these articulations differed based on youths’ demographic characteristics. This study included 384 youth who identified as African American ( n = 98), Latinx/o/Hispanic ( n = 74), Asian/Pacific Islander ( n = 52), Multiracial ( n = 38), Native American ( n = 20), and White ( n = 100). Youth were between 14 and 18 years of age ( Mage = 16.66, SD = 1.28) and were primarily cisgender girls (51.3%) followed by cisgender boys (44.5%) and transgender (4.2%) youth. Thematic analysis was used to analyze youths’ responses, finding that youth displayed an analysis of intrapersonal/interpersonal racism, structural racism, and color-evasive ideology. Cross-tabulation analysis revealed that youth from lower socioeconomic statues (SES) were more likely than higher SES youth to describe racism as an intrapersonal/interpersonal phenomenon, and girls and transgender youth were more likely than boys to express a structural analysis of racism. Study findings suggest that youths’ beliefs about racism are multidimensional and primarily characterize racism as an intrapersonal/interpersonal phenomenon. Results may be used to inform the development of youth programs that aim to discuss racism in critical ways.

Analysis on Household Income to the Indigenous Aetas of Pampanga Philippines

Indigenous people (IPs) are the descendants of the inhabitants of a country or region. This study examines whether an indigenous group, specifically an Aeta community in Pampanga, undergoes Urbanization or not. Migration has been a part of the Aeta's history since the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo, which forced them to move out from their original lands. Despite the Urbanization of the community, their culture and way of living remained the same and didn't change. The Aetas pass it on to their next generation, and due to this, they suffer from discrimination because of their way of living. To gather the needed data, the researchers reviewed various literature and studies to have an idea of how to construct the survey question based on LSMS and DHS. The study was conducted in Barangay Sapang Uwak, Sitio Pidpid, Porac, Pampanga, a home of an Aeta community. By looking at the field site, it shows that development and accessibility of urban amenities are difficult for them since it was evident to the researchers that education and some necessities are insufficient.

Parental perspectives on the grief and support needs of children and young people bereaved during the Covid-19 pandemic: Qualitative findings from a national survey

BackgroundDuring the Covid-19 pandemic, many children and young people have experienced the death of close family members, whilst also facing unprecedented disruption to their lives. This study aimed to investigate the experiences and support needs of bereaved children and young people from the perspective of their parents and guardians.MethodsWe analysed cross-sectional qualitative free-text data from a survey of adults bereaved in the UK during the pandemic. Participants were recruited via media, social media, national associations and community/charitable organisations. Thematic analysis was conducted on free text data collected from parent/guardian participants in response to a survey question on the bereavement experiences and support needs of their children.ResultsFree-text data from 104 parent and grandparent participants was included. Three main themes were identified: the pandemic-related challenges and struggles experienced by children and young people; family support and coping; and support from schools and services. Pandemic-related challenges include the impacts of being separated from the relative prior to their death, isolation from peers and other family members, and disruption to daily routines and wider support networks. Examples were given of effective family coping and communication, but also of difficulties relating to parental grief and children’s existing mental health problems. Schools and bereavement organisations’ provision of specialist support was valued, but there was evidence of unmet need, with some participants reporting a lack of access to specialist grief or mental health support.ConclusionChildren and young people have faced additional strains and challenges associated with pandemic bereavement. We recommend resources and initiatives that facilitate supportive communication within family and school settings, adequate resourcing of school and community-based specialist bereavement/mental health services, and increased information and signposting to the support that is available.

Development and Structure of Environmental Worries in Germany 1984–2019

Referring to a survey question in the German socio-economic panel, which measures worries about protecting the environment, the article looks at the development of environmental worries in Germany for the timespan 1984–2019. The analyses mainly have descriptive character. We explore several expectations and assumptions discussed in historical accounts of the environmental movement in Germany and in empirical studies on environmental attitudes and their determinants. Results show that the overall development can be divided into a period of rising environmental worries in the 1980s, a considerable decline in the 1990s, and a relative stability since 2000. From 2018 to 2019, however, a sizable upswing can be observed. Environmental worries are associated negatively with the unemployment rate and economic worries over time. In the 1980s and early 1990s, younger people were more worried than older people, but, in the meanwhile, this no longer holds. Education and (less so) income yielded significant differences in the 1980s and 1990s, but also these differences have faded away since 2000. Data confirm that environmental worries are shared more broadly in the population and that previously important group differences are increasingly leveling out.

PENGEMBANGAN MODUL EKONOMI BERBASIS METODE SQ3R (SURVEY, QUESTION, READ, RECITE, REVIEW) PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS X SMA NEGERI 2 SEKAMPUNG

Bahan ajar diartikan sebagai komponen pesan yang sifatnya khusus atau umum yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk kepentingan pembelajaraan. Namun bahan ajar yang terlalu tebal dan kurang menarik akan menimbulkan kebosanan. Bahan ajar yang digunakan di SMA Negeri 2 Sekampung belum sepenuhnya memenuhi kebutuhan peserta didik dalam kegiatan pembelajaran, karena bahan ajar yang digunakan hanya buku cetak sehingga peneliti perlu mengembangkan bahan ajar yang dapat meningkatkan mutu pembelajaran seperti modul ekonomi berbasis metode SQ3R (Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan modul ekonomi berbasis metode SQ3R (Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review) yang valid dan praktis. Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah jenis penelitian pengembangan atau menggunakan model pengembangan 4D. Proses untuk menghasilkan modul diawali dengan tahap validasi oleh ahli desain, ahli materi dan ahli media. Modul juga diujicobakan ke sekolah untuk mengukur respon peserta didik kelas X SMA Negeri 2 Sekampung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modul ekonomi berbasis metode SQ3R (Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review) ini layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh hasil validasi dari ahli desain dengan persentase sebesar 90,66% dengan kriteria sangat kuat, hasil penilaian oleh ahli materi dengan persentase 89,3% dengan kriteria sangat kuat, hasil penilaian oleh ahli media dengan persentase 70,66% dengan kriteria kuat dan hasil pengujian dengan kelompok kecil yaitu 10 orang peserta didik dengan persentase 91% dengan kriteria sangat kuat. Berdasarkan presentase yang diperoleh dari rata-rata validasi ahli dan respon peserta didik maka modul dinyatakan valid dan praktis untuk digunakan sebagai referensi dalam proses pembelajaran.

605. Rates of Patient Satisfaction with Home-Based Outpatient Antimicrobial Therapy (OPAT)

Background The use of home-based outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) is well established. Studies by the National Home Infusion Foundation (NHIF) show that 1.4 million patients receive OPAT each year.1 With patient satisfaction a priority, NHIF developed, validated, and reliability tested the Uniform Patient Satisfaction Survey for Home Infusion Providers in 2017.2 Medicare patients are the fasting growing segment in the US and account for a disproportionate share of health care usage. Determining older patient satisfaction is imperative because patients who are more satisfied are more compliant with treatment3 and tend to return for continued care.4 Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to determine the level of home-based OPAT patient satisfaction and if a significant difference (p = ≤ .05) exists between the 0-64 and 65+ age groups. Methods 2019 and 2020 OPAT survey data (n=5,559) was used in this study. Top box percent, typically used in health care patient satisfaction, was calculated for each survey question. Data was summarized using 7 composite categories formed from the 22 survey questions. Differences (p = ≤ .05) between the age groups was also calculated. Results Mean patient age was 64.31 (SD=14.78), 54.99% were 65+ years old, and 58.85% were male. OPAT patients gave high marks to their home infusion service (Table 1). The highest top box % for the composite scores was “Patient instructions” which averaged 98.91%. The most common healthcare satisfaction question “I was satisfied with the overall quality of the services provided” showed significant difference between the age groups (p = .002) with the 0-64 groups being more satisfied than the 65+ (Exhibit 1). Table 1. OPAT Patient Satisfaction Survey Composite Scores: Percent of Patients Selecting Top-Box Score (n= 5,559) Exhibit 1. Level (%) of Agreement to “I was satisfied with the overall quality of the services provided” by Age Group (n = 5,559) Conclusion Analysis of each survey question shows the 65+ patients are less satisfied than younger patients on the following: being informed of side effects, explanation of financial responsibilities, and the helpfulness of the billing staff. Even though the scores are high for both age groups, additional research needs to be conducted to determine why scores for the 65+ age group are lower, and changes needed for improvement. Knowing the level of OPAT patient satisfaction will benefit infectious disease physicians, providers, prescribers, payers, and regulators as they evaluate how to expand home-based services. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

The dynamics of class self-identification in Ukraine within the context of discursive and structural changes

The subjective aspects of class, such as class identity, class awareness, or Bourdieu’s “sense of one’s place”, compound the whole cluster of modern class studies. A sufficient amount of empirical data on subjective class issues has allowed Ukrainian scholars to define major class categories that are subjectively salient for Ukrainians, as well as to follow its dynamics throughout the period of Independence. This paper continues the tradition of such studies while using the data from the latest International Social Survey Programme 2019 and previous research. It depicts the current state of subjective stratification as it is viewed and constructed by Ukrainians.We use two methodological approaches here to define and measure classes with which Ukrainians identify themselves: one implies a single-answer multiple-choice survey question and the other is based on an open-ended question. That allows us to compare and verify the results received from the two approaches. Then, we analyze and describe the connection between the dynamics of class self-identification and bigscale changes of the Ukrainian transformation period. The working class and the middle class continue to dominate the landscape of the subjective class structure in Ukraine. These two class identities are the most popular ones whether being chosen by respondents in a multiple-choice question or being mentioned in an open-ended question. However, the dynamics of the two classes differ. While the public request for the middle class increases steadily, the popularity of the working class declines.We suggest addressing these trends, taking into account the conditions of time and place, both from local and global perspectives, and factoring in economic, social, and discursive changes of the period researched.

How Do 50-Year-Olds Imagine Their Future: Social Class and Gender Disparities

This paper empirically examines differences in how 50-year-olds imagine their future. It draws on answers to an open-ended survey question in a large British cohort study—the National Child Development Study. Over 6,700 written responses about respondents’ imagined future are examined using text mining methods. Results from a relative frequency analysis and a topic model reveal differences according to gender, occupational class, and educational qualification. The cohort members’ written texts reflect different lifestyles. Men are more likely to mention sport, like golf and football, whereas women are more prone to use words related to family and friends. Respondents with a degree are more likely to write about cultural activities, such as museum or theater visits. Overall, the findings reveal gendered and socially stratified patterns in individual future perceptions, contextualized in relation to leisure, health, and family.