Studies on the life cycle of Asymphylodora tincae (Modeer, 1790) (Trematoda: Monorchiidae) in a small lake near Amsterdam

1979 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth van den Broek ◽  
Nienke de Jong
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
Tinca Tinca ◽  
Small Lake ◽  
Bithynia Tentaculata ◽  
Second Intermediate Host

ABSTRACTAspects of the life cycle of Asymphylodora tincae have been studied in a small lake near Amsterdam. Bithynia tentaculata, being the only snail species that was very numerous in the lake, was the first as well as the main second intermediate host; adult trematodes were found exclusively in the tench, Tinca tinca. A small part of the cercariae that penetrate into B. tentaculata was able to develop into progenetic specimens. A morphological description is given of the following stages of A. tincae: adult, egg, redia, cercariaeum, metacercaria and progenetic stage. The cercariaeum is identified as Cercariaeum paludinae impurae De Filippi, 1854.It is concluded that A. tincae is a species, capable of large variation regarding both morphological structure (e.g. body spination, size) and life cycle.

Encystment site affects the reproductive strategy of a progenetic trematode in its fish intermediate host: is host spawning an exit for parasite eggs?

Parasitology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 138 (9) ◽  
pp. 1183-1192 ◽  
Author(s):  
KRISTIN K. HERRMANN ◽  
ROBERT POULIN
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Fish Spawning ◽  
Second Intermediate Host ◽  
Host Life ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Fish Hosts

SUMMARYEach transmission event in complex, multi-host life cycles create obstacles selecting for adaptations by trematodes. One such adaptation is life cycle abbreviation through progenesis, in which the trematode precociously matures and reproduces within the second intermediate host. Progenesis eliminates the need for the definitive host and increases the chance of life cycle completion. However, progenetic individuals face egg-dispersal challenges associated with reproducing within metacercarial cysts in the tissues or body cavity of the second intermediate host. Most progenetic species await host death for their eggs to be released into the environment. The present study investigated temporal variation of progenesis in Stegodexamene anguillae in one of its second intermediate fish hosts and the effect of the fish's reproductive cycle on progenesis. The study involved monthly sampling over 13 months at one locality. A greater proportion of individuals became progenetic in the gonads of female fish hosts. Additionally, progenesis of worms in the gonads was correlated with seasonal daylight and temperature changes, major factors controlling fish reproduction. Host spawning events are likely to be an avenue of egg dispersal for this progenetic species, with the adoption of progenesis being conditional on whether or not the parasite can benefit from fish spawning.

Paragonimiasis in KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa

2012 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.C. Appleton
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Suspected Case ◽  
Melanoides Tuberculata ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Second Intermediate Host ◽  
Adult Female Patient ◽  
Prosobranch Snail

AbstractNine cases of paragonimiasis have been reported from cats (4), dogs (2) and children (3) in South Africa, with an additional suspected case in an adult female patient. Details of these cases are reviewed. All nine cases, and perhaps the adult case as well, were from the province of KwaZulu-Natal but locality data are only available for six of them. These six cases represent four localities which all lie below 100 m above sea level in the province's lowlands, suggesting that there may be a focus of transmission here. The molluscan first intermediate host must be one of the two prosobranch snail species present in the area,Melanoides tuberculataorTomichia natalensis, and the decapod second intermediate host the common river crabPotamonautes sidneyi. All infected cats and dogs had pulmonary infections, while two human cases for which there is sufficient information had extrapulmonary infections. Transmission appears to be ongoing but the invasive snailTarebia graniferamay be competing with bothM. tuberculataandT. natalensis.If so, this may bring transmission to an end.

A new second intermediate host and phylogenetic relationships based on the ITS2 sequence of Isoparorchis sp. (Digenea: Isoparorchiidae) in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Jaruboonyakorn ◽  
T. Chontananarth
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Its2 Sequence ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Its2 Region ◽  
Freshwater Shrimp ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Second Intermediate Host

Abstract The genus Isoparorchis (Family: Isoparorchiidae) contains trematodes infecting the air bladder of freshwater catfishes in Asia and Australia. Isoparorchis spp. rely on freshwater shrimps and fishes as intermediate hosts. There is limited information about parasitic infections in freshwater shrimp in Thailand, and Isoparorchis infection in an intermediate host in this country has never been reported. Thus, this study reports infections in freshwater shrimp (Macrobrachium lanchesteri and Caridina sp.), including overall prevalence, mean intensity, morphological characters and molecular analyses. The parasite specimens were analysed by studying their morphological characters, together with a molecular approach based on internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequence data. The overall prevalence and mean intensity of Isoparorchis infections were 92% and 1.89, respectively. The metacercariae were identified as Isoparorchis sp. based on their morphological characters and supported by the comparison with published ITS2 sequences of Isoparorchis species. The phylogenetic studies based on the ITS2 region demonstrated that all of the Isoparorchis sp. specimens in this study are distinct from Isoparorchis species in previous reports. Moreover, we show for the first time that the freshwater shrimp M. lanchesteri serves as a second intermediate host of Isoparorchis sp. and we provide a morphological description and molecular characterization of Isoparorchis sp. metacercariae based on ITS2 sequence data to clarify the status of Isoparorchis sp. in Thailand.

Life cycle of Gnathostoma nipponicum Yamaguti, 1941

1992 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ando ◽  
H. Tokura ◽  
H. Matsuoka ◽  
D. Taylor ◽  
Y. Chinzei
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Definitive Host ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Paratenic Host ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Second Intermediate Host ◽  
First Intermediate Host

ABSTRACTThe life cycle of Gnathostoma nipponicum was examined by field survey and by experimental infection of animals with the larvae. Naturally infected larval G. nipponicum were found in loaches, catfish, and snakes. Experimentally, loaches, killifishes, frogs, salamanders, mice, and rats were successfully infected with the early third-stage larvae of G. nipponicum obtained from copepods (the first intermediate host), whereas snakes, quails, and weasels were not. Frogs, snakes, quails, and rats were experimentally infected with the advanced third-stage larvae (AdL3) from loaches. These results reveal that some species of fishes, amphibians and mammals can act as the second intermediate host and that some species of reptiles, birds and mammals can act as a paratenic host. The life cycle was completed in weasels, the definitive host, which were infected with AdL3 from loaches and started to evacuate eggs of G. nipponicum in faeces on days 65–90 postinfection.

Morphology and molecular analysis of life-cycle stages of Proctoeces maculatus (Looss, 1901) (Digenea: Fellodistomidae) in the Bizerte Lagoon, Tunisia

2015 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 726-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Antar ◽  
L. Gargouri
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Bizerte Lagoon ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Life Cycle Stages ◽  
Mediterranean Mussel ◽  
Second Intermediate Host

AbstractThe life cycle of Proctoeces maculatus (Looss, 1901) (Digenea, Fellodistomidae) was studied in Bizerte Lagoon (Tunisia). Three sequential hosts appear to be involved: the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819 (Mytilidae) as the first intermediate host; the polychaete Sabella pavonina Savigny, 1822 (Sabellidae), as the second intermediate host; and fishes (Lithognathus mormyrus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Sparidae), Trachinotus ovatus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Carangidae) and Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758 (Sparidae) as the definitive hosts. It should be noted that S. pavonina was recorded as second intermediate host for P. maculatus for the first time. Molecular confirmation of the morphological identification of the life-cycle stages of this digenean was obtained using partial 28S rDNA sequences. Comparative sequences revealed that the sporocysts and the metacercariae are conspecific but they diverged by 0.3% from the adults. The present results raised the possibility of the existence of cryptic species within the different developmental stages. However, all the present isolates differed from material from Archosargus probatocephalus in the Gulf of Mexico identified as P. maculatus.

scholarly journals Cepaea spp. as a source of Brachylaima mesostoma (Digenea: Brachylaimidae) and Brachylecithum sp. (Digenea: Dicrocoeliidae) larvae in Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Żbikowska ◽  
Anna Marszewska ◽  
Anna Cichy ◽  
Julita Templin ◽  
Anna Smorąg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Small Town ◽  
Snail Host ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Parasite Invasion ◽  
Northern Poland ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Second Intermediate Host ◽  
Very High

AbstractParasite diagnostics were carried out on 11 Polish populations of Cepaea spp. In three of them, coming from the roadside ditches of a village (Rytel, northern Poland), very high (up to 60%) prevalence of Brachylaima mesostoma was observed. This study provides the first molecular evidence of the presence of B. mesostoma inside Cepaea spp. in Europe. In a few snails from a population found in a private garden in a small town (Chełmża, northern Poland), larvae of Brachylecithum sp. were present. Cercariae and/or metacercariae of B. mesostoma were observed in both species of Cepaea: C. hortensis and C. nemoralis, whereas larvae of Brachylecithum sp. were found only in C. nemoralis. Both species of parasites inhabited snail hepatopancreas whose structure was significantly damaged by larvae. There was no significant connection between parasite invasion and snail host morphotype. The research did not allow the reasons for the high prevalence of B. mesostoma in Cepaea spp. to be explained, and also did not explicitly indicate how the parasite invaded Cepaea spp. individuals making them, at the same time a second intermediate host. However, it poses important questions about the life cycle of the parasite that may threaten extensively kept small-size farms of poultry.

THE MORPHOLOGY, TAXONOMY, AND LIFE HISTORY OF METORCHIS CONJUNCTUS (COBBOLD, 1860)

1944 ◽  
Vol 22d (1) ◽  
pp. 6-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas W. M. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second Intermediate Host ◽  
The Common ◽  
First Intermediate Host

A trematode, widely distributed in Canada, and occurring in man and other fish-eating mammals, is described and its taxonomy discussed. Its life cycle has been worked out and it is shown to involve a snail, Amnicola limosa porata as first intermediate host and a fish, the common sucker (Catostomus commersonii) as the second intermediate host. The larval stages are described.

The life-cycle of Bucephaloides gracilescens (Rudolphi, 1819) Hopkins, 1954 (Digenea: Gasterostomata)

Parasitology ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Comparative Morphology ◽  
Rock Pools ◽  
Second Intermediate Host ◽  
High Degree ◽  
First Time ◽  
First Intermediate Host

The cercaria and sporocyst of Bucephaloides gracilescens are described from Abra alba (Wood). Observations were made on the behaviour of the cercaria and the mechanism of release from the first intermediate host. The metacercaria was obtained experimentally for the first time using Ciliata mustela (L.), a species of Gadidae from rock pools, as second intermediate host. It has not previously been recorded from this fish. Unsuccessful attempts were made to infect species of fishes from three other families, namely, Bothidae, Pleuronectidae and Gobiidae, confirming the high degree of host specificity of the metacercaria to Gadidae. The metacercaria, its development and effect on the host are briefly discussed. It was linked with the adult on the basis of comparative morphology and ecology of the hosts.

The Life Cycle and Biology of Opecoelus Variabilis, Sp.nov. (Digenea: Opecoelidae).

1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 715 ◽  
Author(s):  
TH Cribb
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Full Size ◽  
Second Intermediate Host ◽  
New Diagnosis ◽  
Australian Freshwater ◽  
Further Development ◽  
First Intermediate Host ◽  
Prosobranch Snail

Opecoelus variabilis, sp. nov., is described from the intestine of 17 species of Australian freshwater fish. The highly variable anatomy of this species highlights the closeness of Opecoelus and Opegaster. Opegaster is made a synonym of Opecoelus and a new diagnosis is proposed for Opecoelus. The first intermediate host of O. variabilis is the prosobranch snail Posticobia brazieri, and the second intermediate hosts are five species of atyid, palaemonid and parastacid Crustacea. Features of the life cycle are the production of daughter sporocysts by the mother sporocyst when only one-quarter of its full size, and the further development of the metacercaria in the second intermediate host after becoming infective to the definitive host.

On a new trematode Echinoparyphium bagulai sp.nov., (Echinostomatidae) from Anas poecilorhyncha

Parasitology ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 51 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 123-126
Author(s):  
G. P. Jain
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Domestic Duck ◽  
Additional Material ◽  
Second Intermediate Host ◽  
Adult Trematode ◽  
A New Species

In November 1953, about one-half per cent of Lymnaea luteola taken from a pond in Alfred Park, Allahabad, were infected with an echinostome cercaria. The first collections of these cercariae were made by Dr Onkar Nath Srivastava, who was surveying cercarial infections in the snails and who kindly gave me the echinostome material. Additional material was obtained by numerous subsequent collections. After the cercaria was described it was possible to undertake a limited number of experiments in an attempt to discover other stages of the life cycle. It was found that Lymnaea luteola is both the first and the second intermediate host of a new species of Echninoparyphium. The adult of this new species, for which the name E. bagulai is proposed, matures in the intestine of the domestic duck, Anas poecilorhyncha. When this duck was experimentally infected with cercariae, the adult trematode was recovered from the intestine of this duck 21 days after its infection.

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