Comparison of the trapping ability ofArthrobotrys robustaandMonacrosporium gephyropagumon infective larvae ofStrongyloides papillosus

AbstractIn anin vitrotrial, the trapping ability ofArthrobotrys robustaandMonacrosporium gephyropagumagainstStrongyloides papillosusinfective larvae on corn meal agar plates, was evaluated after seven days of interaction at 25°C.Monacrosporium gephyropagumtrapped 93.1% of the larvae whereasA. robustatrapped only 32.3%. Variability in the capture ofS. papillosusinfective larvae by both trapping fungi is discussed.

Download Full-text

Zoosporogênese in vitro entre isolados do oomiceto Pythium insidiosum

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/s0103-84782008000100023 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 143-147 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira ◽

Janio Morais Santurio ◽

Sydney Hartz Alves ◽

Juliana Siqueira Argenta ◽

Ayrton Sydnei Cavalheiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Corn Meal ◽

Corn Meal Agar ◽

Pythium Insidiosum

Pythium insidiosum é um oomiceto aquático, responsável pela etiologia da pitiose, uma enfermidade crônica, observada freqüentemente em eqüinos. A produção de zoósporos móveis por este microrganismo se constitui no fator determinante da ocorrência da enfermidade. Este estudo avaliou a zoosporogênese e quantificou a produção de zoósporos de 32 amostras de Pythium insidiosum isoladas de eqüinos naturalmente infectados. Pythium insidiosum foi cultivado em meio Corn Meal Agar acrescido de fragmentos de grama, durante 5 dias, a 37°C. Posteriormente, os fragmentos de grama parasitados foram incubados em Meio de Indução a 37°C, por 24 horas. Observou-se que 16 amostras (50%) produziram 20.000 zoósporos mL-1, 12 isolados (37,5%) produziram acima de 20.000 zoósporos mL-1, enquanto quatro amostras (12,5%) produziram menos de 20.000 zoósporos mL-1. O período de maior produção de zoósporos foi entre 6 e 8 horas de incubação. O protocolo utilizado na indução da zoosporogênese mostrou-se eficiente e representa uma importante ferramenta, tanto para a identificação do Pythium insidiosum, como para a obtenção de zoósporos em quantidades suficientes para a inoculação em animais experimentais e aplicação no desenvolvimento de testes de suscetibilidade.

Download Full-text

Screening for Indian isolates of egg-parasitic fungi for use in biological control of fascioliasis and amphistomiasis in ruminant livestock

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x08982602 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 82 (3) ◽

pp. 271-277 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

S. De ◽

P.K. Sanyal ◽

A.K. Sarkar ◽

N.K. Patel ◽

S. Pal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Incubation Temperature ◽

Maximum Growth ◽

Initial Growth ◽

Corn Meal ◽

Corn Meal Agar ◽

Parasitic Fungi ◽

Growth Profiles ◽

Media Types ◽

Verticillium Chlamydosporium

AbstractWild isolates of the egg-parasitic fungiPaecilomyces lilacinusandVerticillium chlamydosporium, obtained from the organic environment of Durg, Chhattisgarh, India, were subjected to screening forin vitrogrowth using different media types, range of incubation temperature and pH, and their predatory activity to the eggs ofFasciola giganticaandGigantocotyle explanatum. Maximum growth ofP. lilacinuswas obtained in corn-meal agar compared to any other media types. The preferred medium for growth ofV. chlamydosporiumwas corn-meal agar, followed by potato-dextrose agar. After initial growth for 16 h of incubation, no growth was observed in water agar for both the fungi. Six different temperatures – 4°C, 10°C, 18°C, 26°C, 34°C and 40°C – were used to observe growth profiles of the fungi in corn-meal agar medium. While no and very little growth ofP. lilacinusandV. chlamydosporiumwas observed at 4°C and 10°C, respectively, growth profiles of both the fungi were optimal at 26–40°C. A range of pH (pH 4–8) supported growth of bothP. lilacinusandV. chlamydosporium. Full-grown plates of the fungi baited with viable eggs ofF. giganticaandG. explanatumrevealed thatV. chlamydosporiumwas more vigorous in its egg-parasitic ability compared toP. lilacinus. Distortion of the eggs started on day 2–3 of egg baiting in culture plates ofV. chlamydosporium, with complete distortion by day 7. On the contrary,P. lilacinusexhibited very limited egg-parasitic ability and some of the baited eggs even showed development of miracidia.

Download Full-text

Effect of different nutrient media on radial growth of Alternaria brassicae (Berk.) Sacc. infecting different Brassica host crops

International Journal of Agricultural Invention ◽

10.46492/ijai/2018.3.2.7 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (02) ◽

pp. 137-140

Author(s):

Vaibhav Pratap Singh ◽

R. U. Khan

Keyword(s):

Radial Growth ◽

Potato Dextrose Agar ◽

Alternaria Brassicae ◽

Corn Meal ◽

Marked Variation ◽

Corn Meal Agar ◽

Nutrient Media ◽

Brassica Crops ◽

The World

Alternaria brassicae (Berk.) Sacc. is the most common and destructive pathogen of a number of Brassica crops belong to family Brassicaceae. It has been reported from all the continent of the world and causes considerable losses in terms of quality and quantity of crop produce. The present investigation was undertaken in vitro, to know the effect of different nutrient media viz., Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA), V-8 Juice Agar (V8JA), Richard’s Agar (RA), Czapeck’s Dox Agar (CDA) and Corn Meal Agar (CMA) on the growth of A. brassicae isolates collected from the different Brassica host crops i.e. Mustard, Cauliflower, Cabbage and Radish. These isolates were designated on the basis of their hosts as Acae M, Acae Cf, Acae Ca and Acae R, respectively. Radial growth of all isolates was observed after seven days of incubation. The result showed a marked variation in radial growth of A. brassicae isolates. However, maximum growths of all isolates were recorded in V-8 Juice Agar (V8JA) followed by Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) while the minimum growth of pathogen was observed in Corn Meal Agar (CMA).

Download Full-text

Development of an in vitro culture method for harvesting the free-living infective larvae of Strongyloides venezuelensis

The Korean Journal of Parasitology ◽

10.3347/kjp.1998.36.1.15 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 15 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

B K Baek ◽

M K Islam ◽

J H Kim

Keyword(s):

In Vitro Culture ◽

Culture Method ◽

Free Living ◽

Infective Larvae ◽

Strongyloides Venezuelensis

Download Full-text

Serum and neutrophils alter the rate of excretory/secretory antigen release by Toxocara canis infective larvae in vitro

Parasite Immunology ◽

10.1111/j.1365-3024.1990.tb00946.x ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 175-187 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

H.J.E. WILLIAMSON ◽

R.A. ALLARDYCE ◽

R.S. CLEMETT ◽

R.R. HIDAJAT

Keyword(s):

Toxocara Canis ◽

Infective Larvae ◽

Secretory Antigen ◽

Excretory Secretory Antigen ◽

Antigen Release

Download Full-text

Time Saving in the Preparation of Corn Meal Agar and in the Identification of Yeast-like Fungi

Mycologia ◽

10.2307/3755067 ◽

1946 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 228 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Ernst Bernhardt

Keyword(s):

Corn Meal ◽

Corn Meal Agar ◽

Time Saving

Download Full-text

In vitro and in vivo anthelmintic activity of extracts from Artemisia parviflora and A. sieversiana

Helminthologia ◽

10.1515/helm-2017-0028 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 54 (3) ◽

pp. 218-224 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

S. Irum ◽

H. Ahmed ◽

B. Mirza ◽

K. Donskow-Łysoniewska ◽

A. Muhammad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adult Worm ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Small Ruminants ◽

Anthelmintic Activity ◽

Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Egg Hatching ◽

Infective Larvae

SummaryIn the northern areas of Pakistan, the use of Artemisia based therapeutics is a common practice. Plants of genus Artemisia are known to possess anthelmintic and therapeutic effect. Infections caused by gastrointestinal nematodes are major threat to livestock industry across the world resulting in loss of production and indirect economic losses due to high cost of anthelmintic drugs. Present study was carried out to evaluate in vitro and in vivo effect of Artemisia sieversiana and Artemisia parviflora on Haemonchus contortus, a parasitic nematode of small ruminants. Methanolic plant extract was tested against three different developmental stages using an egg hatch assay, infective larvae and adult worm motility assay. Different concentrations were used for the bioassays and post exposure mortality was recorded after 8 hr for adult worms and infective larvae, while egg inhibition percentage was observed after 27 hr. A highly significant ability to inhibit the egg hatching (100 %) was recorded for both plant extracts while, the highest activity for adult worm assay and larvicidal assay was 90 % for A. sieversiana. The highest activity for adult motility and larvicidal assay for A. parviflora was 89 % and 86.6 % respectively. For in vivo trials maximum parentage reduction was 77.0 % for A. sieversiana and 73.6 % for A. parviflora. It is concluded that selected plant extracts were effective in reducing worm burden in animals.

Download Full-text

Kinetics of exsheathment of infective ovine and bovine strongylid larvae in vivo and in vitro

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182002001816 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 125 (1) ◽

pp. 65-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

H. HERTZBERG ◽

U. HUWYLER ◽

L. KOHLER ◽

St REHBEIN ◽

M. WANNER

Keyword(s):

Haemonchus Contortus ◽

Buffer System ◽

Bicarbonate Concentration ◽

Infective Larvae ◽

Nylon Mesh ◽

Mesh Bags ◽

Sheep Rumen ◽

Kinetics Of

The aim of the study was to investigate the longitudinal changes of exsheathment of ovine and bovine 3rd-stage strongylid larvae in an artificial rumen (RUSITEC) and to compare the results with in vivo data obtained from rumen-fistulated sheep. Infective larvae were incubated in nylon mesh bags in the sheep rumen or the RUSITEC apparatus for periods of 1, 6 and 12 h, respectively. The 12 h exsheathment rates in the rumen and the RUSITEC apparatus (in parentheses) were as follows: Haemonchus contortus: 100% (100%), Ostertagia circumcincta: 100% (76%), O. leptospicularis: 100% (100%), O. ostertagi: 53% (59%), Trichostrongylus axei: 100% (100%), T. colubriformis: 37% (36%), Cooperia curticei: 94% (76%), C. oncophora: 95% (89%), Nematodirus filicollis: 0% (N.D.), N. spathiger: 11% (15%), N. battus: 7% (5%), Oesophagostomum venulosum: 17% (9%), Chabertia ovina: 7% (2%), Dictyocaulus filaria: 1% (N.D.). Larvae of Nematodirus spp. and T. colubriformis showed a quick rise of the exsheathment rate 2 h after transfer into the abomasum. These results confirm that exsheathment generally occurs in the part of the gastrointestinal tract immediately anterior to the habitat of the adult parasite. The overall similar course of exsheathment in both systems indicates that the essential stimuli for exsheathment were generated and maintained under in vitro conditions of the artificial rumen. In both systems, the bicarbonate concentration and the pH reflected a similar status of the H2CO3/HCO buffer system, which is known to provide the essential stimuli for larval exsheathment of the abomasal species. These results give evidence that the RUSITEC system represents a valid system for studying the kinetics of exsheathment of strongylid nematodes under in vitro conditions. For 7 of the species investigated the obtained results represent the first data on larval exsheathment in vivo and in vitro.

Download Full-text