scholarly journals Zoosporogênese in vitro entre isolados do oomiceto Pythium insidiosum

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira ◽  
Janio Morais Santurio ◽  
Sydney Hartz Alves ◽  
Juliana Siqueira Argenta ◽  
Ayrton Sydnei Cavalheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corn Meal ◽  
Corn Meal Agar ◽  
Pythium Insidiosum

Pythium insidiosum é um oomiceto aquático, responsável pela etiologia da pitiose, uma enfermidade crônica, observada freqüentemente em eqüinos. A produção de zoósporos móveis por este microrganismo se constitui no fator determinante da ocorrência da enfermidade. Este estudo avaliou a zoosporogênese e quantificou a produção de zoósporos de 32 amostras de Pythium insidiosum isoladas de eqüinos naturalmente infectados. Pythium insidiosum foi cultivado em meio Corn Meal Agar acrescido de fragmentos de grama, durante 5 dias, a 37°C. Posteriormente, os fragmentos de grama parasitados foram incubados em Meio de Indução a 37°C, por 24 horas. Observou-se que 16 amostras (50%) produziram 20.000 zoósporos mL-1, 12 isolados (37,5%) produziram acima de 20.000 zoósporos mL-1, enquanto quatro amostras (12,5%) produziram menos de 20.000 zoósporos mL-1. O período de maior produção de zoósporos foi entre 6 e 8 horas de incubação. O protocolo utilizado na indução da zoosporogênese mostrou-se eficiente e representa uma importante ferramenta, tanto para a identificação do Pythium insidiosum, como para a obtenção de zoósporos em quantidades suficientes para a inoculação em animais experimentais e aplicação no desenvolvimento de testes de suscetibilidade.

Comparison of the trapping ability ofArthrobotrys robustaandMonacrosporium gephyropagumon infective larvae ofStrongyloides papillosus

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.E. Gonzalez Cruz ◽  
P. Mendoza de Gives ◽  
H. Quiroz Romero
Keyword(s):  
Corn Meal ◽  
Corn Meal Agar ◽  
Infective Larvae

AbstractIn anin vitrotrial, the trapping ability ofArthrobotrys robustaandMonacrosporium gephyropagumagainstStrongyloides papillosusinfective larvae on corn meal agar plates, was evaluated after seven days of interaction at 25°C.Monacrosporium gephyropagumtrapped 93.1% of the larvae whereasA. robustatrapped only 32.3%. Variability in the capture ofS. papillosusinfective larvae by both trapping fungi is discussed.

Screening for Indian isolates of egg-parasitic fungi for use in biological control of fascioliasis and amphistomiasis in ruminant livestock

2008 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. De ◽  
P.K. Sanyal ◽  
A.K. Sarkar ◽  
N.K. Patel ◽  
S. Pal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Corn Meal ◽  
Corn Meal Agar ◽  
Parasitic Fungi ◽  
Growth Profiles ◽  
Media Types ◽  
Verticillium Chlamydosporium

AbstractWild isolates of the egg-parasitic fungiPaecilomyces lilacinusandVerticillium chlamydosporium, obtained from the organic environment of Durg, Chhattisgarh, India, were subjected to screening forin vitrogrowth using different media types, range of incubation temperature and pH, and their predatory activity to the eggs ofFasciola giganticaandGigantocotyle explanatum. Maximum growth ofP. lilacinuswas obtained in corn-meal agar compared to any other media types. The preferred medium for growth ofV. chlamydosporiumwas corn-meal agar, followed by potato-dextrose agar. After initial growth for 16 h of incubation, no growth was observed in water agar for both the fungi. Six different temperatures – 4°C, 10°C, 18°C, 26°C, 34°C and 40°C – were used to observe growth profiles of the fungi in corn-meal agar medium. While no and very little growth ofP. lilacinusandV. chlamydosporiumwas observed at 4°C and 10°C, respectively, growth profiles of both the fungi were optimal at 26–40°C. A range of pH (pH 4–8) supported growth of bothP. lilacinusandV. chlamydosporium. Full-grown plates of the fungi baited with viable eggs ofF. giganticaandG. explanatumrevealed thatV. chlamydosporiumwas more vigorous in its egg-parasitic ability compared toP. lilacinus. Distortion of the eggs started on day 2–3 of egg baiting in culture plates ofV. chlamydosporium, with complete distortion by day 7. On the contrary,P. lilacinusexhibited very limited egg-parasitic ability and some of the baited eggs even showed development of miracidia.

Effect of different nutrient media on radial growth of Alternaria brassicae (Berk.) Sacc. infecting different Brassica host crops

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
pp. 137-140
Author(s):  
Vaibhav Pratap Singh ◽  
R. U. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Radial Growth ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Alternaria Brassicae ◽  
Corn Meal ◽  
Marked Variation ◽  
Corn Meal Agar ◽  
Nutrient Media ◽  
Brassica Crops ◽  
The World

Alternaria brassicae (Berk.) Sacc. is the most common and destructive pathogen of a number of Brassica crops belong to family Brassicaceae. It has been reported from all the continent of the world and causes considerable losses in terms of quality and quantity of crop produce. The present investigation was undertaken in vitro, to know the effect of different nutrient media viz., Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA), V-8 Juice Agar (V8JA), Richard’s Agar (RA), Czapeck’s Dox Agar (CDA) and Corn Meal Agar (CMA) on the growth of A. brassicae isolates collected from the different Brassica host crops i.e. Mustard, Cauliflower, Cabbage and Radish. These isolates were designated on the basis of their hosts as Acae M, Acae Cf, Acae Ca and Acae R, respectively. Radial growth of all isolates was observed after seven days of incubation. The result showed a marked variation in radial growth of A. brassicae isolates. However, maximum growths of all isolates were recorded in V-8 Juice Agar (V8JA) followed by Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) while the minimum growth of pathogen was observed in Corn Meal Agar (CMA).

Dendritic cells pulsed with Pythium insidiosum (1,3)(1,6)-β-glucan, Heat-inactivated zoospores and immunotherapy prime naïve T cells to Th1 differentiation in vitro

Immunobiology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 223 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline C. Ledur ◽  
Juliana S.M. Tondolo ◽  
Francielli P.K. Jesus ◽  
Camila M. Verdi ◽  
Érico S. Loreto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Pythium Insidiosum ◽  
Naive T Cells ◽  
Naïve T Cells

In vitro anti-Pythium insidiosum activity of amorolfine hydrochloride and azithromycin, alone and in combination

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Lara Baccarin Ianiski ◽  
Paula Cristina Stibbe ◽  
Laura Bedin Denardi ◽  
Carla Weiblen ◽  
Mauro Pereira Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Pythium Insidiosum ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Synergistic Interactions ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Therapeutic Protocol ◽  
Intracellular Organelles ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

Abstract Pythium insidiosum infections have been widely studied in an attempt to develop an effective therapeutic protocol for the treatment of human and animal pythiosis. Several antifungal agents are still prescribed against this oomycete, although they present contradictory results. To evaluate the susceptibility profile and to verify the morphological alterations in P. insidiosum isolates treated with amorolfine hydrochloride and azithromycin, alone or in combination. Susceptibility tests for P. insidiosum isolates (n = 20) against amorolfine hydrochloride (AMR) and azithromycin (AZM) were performed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institutes (CLSI) protocol M38-A2. Combinations of both drugs were evaluated using the checkerboard microdilution method. Additionally, transmission and scanning electron microscopy were performed in order to verify the morphological alterations in P. insidiosum isolates in response to these drugs. All P. insidiosum isolates had a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 16 to 64 mg/l and 8 to 64 mg/l for amorolfine hydrochloride and azithromycin, respectively. Synergistic interactions between the drugs were not observed, with antagonism in 59.8% of isolates, and indifferent interactions in 36.2%. Electron microscopy showed changes in the surface of P. insidiosum hyphae, disorganization of intracellular organelles, and changes in the plasma membrane and cell wall of oomycetes treated with the drugs. This is the first study to demonstrate in vitro anti-P. insidiosum effect of amorolfine hydrochloride. These results indicate the therapeutic potential of this drug against cutaneous and subcutaneous forms of pythiosis, but further studies are necessary to confirm this potential.

scholarly journals In Vitro Susceptibility of Thai Pythium insidiosum Isolates to Antibacterial Agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Navaporn Worasilchai ◽  
Ariya Chindamporn ◽  
Rongpong Plongla ◽  
Pattama Torvorapanit ◽  
Kasama Manothummetha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Radical Surgery ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Pythium Insidiosum ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Report Data

ABSTRACT Human pythiosis is a life-threatening human disease caused by Pythium insidiosum. In Thailand, vascular pythiosis is the most common form and carries a mortality rate of 10 to 40%, despite aggressive treatment with radical surgery, antifungal agents, and immunotherapy. Itraconazole and terbinafine have been the mainstay of treatment, until recently, based on case report data showing potential synergistic effects against Brazilian P. insidiosum isolates. However, the synergistic effects of itraconazole and terbinafine against Thai P. insidiosum isolates were not observed. This study tested the in vitro susceptibilities of 27 Thai human P. insidiosum isolates (clade II, n = 17; clade IV, n = 10), 12 Thai environmental P. insidiosum isolates (clade II, n = 4; clade IV, n = 8), and 11 non-Thai animal P. insidiosum isolates (clade I, n = 9; clade II, n = 2) to antibiotics in eight antibacterial classes to evaluate alternative effective treatments. Tetracycline and macrolide antibiotics demonstrated in vitro activity against Thai P. insidiosum isolates, with doxycycline MICs (1 to 16 μg/ml), minocycline MICs (1 to 4 μg/ml), tigecycline MICs (1 to 4 μg/ml), azithromycin MICs (1 to 16 μg/ml), and clarithromycin MICs (0.125 to 8 μg/ml) being the lowest, on average. Synergistic effects of tetracyclines and macrolides were also observed.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of Terbinafine Combined with Caspofungin and Azoles against Pythium insidiosum

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 2136-2138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayrton S. Cavalheiro ◽  
Grazieli Maboni ◽  
Maria I. de Azevedo ◽  
Juliana S. Argenta ◽  
Daniela I. B. Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Pythium Insidiosum ◽  
Antagonistic Effects ◽  
Antifungal Activities ◽  
Synergistic Interactions

ABSTRACT In this text we evaluated the in vitro antifungal activities of terbinafine combined with caspofungin, miconazole, ketoconazole, and fluconazole against 17 Pythium insidiosum strains by using the microdilution checkerboard method. Synergistic interactions were observed with terbinafine combined with caspofungin (41.2% of the strains), fluconazole (41.2%), ketoconazole (29.4%), and miconazole (11.8%). No antagonistic effects were observed. The combination of terbinafine plus caspofungin or terbinafine plus fluconazole may have significant therapeutic potential for treatment of pythiosis.

DURANDIELLA PSEUDOTSUGAE N. SP.; TAXONOMY, CULTURAL CHARACTERISTICS, LIFE HISTORY, AND HOST RESPONSE

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Funk
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Species ◽  
Host Response ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Perfect State ◽  
Corn Meal ◽  
Corn Meal Agar ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
Infected Area ◽  
A New Species

The perfect state of Chondropodium pseudotsugae White is shown to be a new species of Durandiella, for which the name D. pseudotsugae is proposed. Maximum growth in culture is obtained on corn meal agar at 15 °C. Apothecia are produced in the spring; the ascospores are forcibly discharged; pycnidia persist throughout the summer and discharge spores only when moistened. The host response of Douglas fir is the production of a "button" of persistent secondary periderm beneath the infected area.

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