Morphology of the nematode Deletrocephalus dimidiatus Diesing, 1851 from the rhea, Rhea americana Linnaeus, 1758, together with a key to species of Deletrocephalinae

2016 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.B. Ederli ◽  
F.C.R. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Buccal Capsule ◽  
The Other ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Rhea Americana ◽  
The Family ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractThe family Deletrocephalidae consists of three species, from two genera: Deletrocephalus dimidiatus, D. cesarpintoi and Paradeletrocephalus minor, which differ from one another in terms of the buccal capsule structure, the dorsal ray from the male copulatory bursa and the length of the vagina in the female. All these species are parasites of the gastrointestinal tract of the rhea, Rhea americana. Only D. dimidiatus was reported to be a parasite of the other rhea species, Darwin's rhea, R. pennata. Currently, there are no studies on the ultrastructure and biology of these parasites or their pathogenicity in these birds. Thus, the present study aimed to examine the ultrastructure and add more details of the morphology of D. dimidiatus from R. americana. Four adult rheas were necropsied, and the gastrointestinal tract was collected and examined for the presence of parasites. Nematodes were analysed by optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All birds were parasitized by D. dimidiatus. Some morphological and morphometric characters were observed that differ from reports of other studies of this species by other authors. In addition, new details were added, well described by SEM, and a key to the species of the subfamily Deletrocephalinae is given.

Structure of the cephalic end of two little-known oxyuroid genera, Travnema Pereira, 1938 and Cosmoxynemoides Travassos, 1949, parasites of fishes, as revealed by SEM

1994 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Moravec ◽  
A. Kohn ◽  
B.M.M. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Host ◽  
The Family ◽  
Cephalic Extremity ◽  
New Host Records ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractThe cephalic end of the type species of pharyngodonid genera Travnema and Cosmoxynemoides, T. travnema Pereira, 1938 and C. aguirrei Travassos, 1949, parasites of Brazilian freshwater fishes, was studied by scanning electron microscopy. The mouth aperture of Travnema was found to be circular, surrounded by four cephalic papillae and two lateral amphids and the cuticle of the cephalic end had a conspicuous dense sculpture. On the other hand, the mouth aperture of Cosmoxynemoides was triangular, surrounded by three lip-like elevations covering the whole surface of the relatively flat cephalic extremity, each with two inner lobes separated one from another by a short groove; the lip-like elevations bore four medium-sized, kidney-shaped cephalic papillae and two minute amphids (two papillae on the dorsal elevation and one papilla and one amphid on each of two ventrolateral elevations); the cuticle of the cephalic end was smooth. Both species were noted for the absence of oral lamellae and the presence of lateral alae. Both genera are listed in the family Pharyngodonidae but Travnema (and also Hakynema), due to its morphological peculiarities, is considered to represent a distinct subfamily Travnematinae within the Pharyngodonidae. The finding of both T. travnema and C. aguirrei in the characid fish Astyanax bimaculatus lacustris represents new host records.

Ascospore sculpturing and generic concepts in the Testudinaceae (syn. Zopfiaceae)

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Hawksworth
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Combination ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scanning Electron

Generic concepts in the Testudinaceae (Ascomycotina, Loculoascomycetes) are reviewed with particular emphasis on the sculpturing of the ascospores which has been examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for the first time. A key to the nine genera accepted in the family is provided of which two are described as new: Ulospora for U. bilgramii comb.nov. (= Zopfia bilgramii D. Hawksw. et al.), the ascospores of which have three to six deep fissures in each cell, and Zopfiofoveola for Z. punctata comb.nov. (= Zopfia punctata D. Hawksw. & C. Booth), with distinctly and regularly foveolate ascospores. One further new combination is made: Rechingeriella boudieri comb.nov. (= Zopfia boudieri Arnaud). The positions of three additional genera referred to the family by earlier authors but which are excluded from it here are also briefly discussed.

New perspectives on Nephridiacanthus major (Acanthocephala: Oligacanthorhynchidae) collected from hedgehogs in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.M. Amin ◽  
M. Sharifdini ◽  
R.A. Heckmann ◽  
M. Zarean
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Molecular Profile ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scanning Electron

We describe morphological features not previously reported for this old acanthocephalan Nephridiacanthus major (Bremser, 1811 in Westrumb, 1821) Golvan, 1962 first described over 200 years ago. Our specimens were collected from long-eared hedgehog Hemiechinus auritus (Gmelin, 1770) (Erinaceidae) in Iran. We compare the morphometrics of our material with others previously reported from the same host in Iran, Russia, central Asia and Europe. Our specimens had markedly smaller proboscides, proboscis hooks and lemnisci than those reported from Russia and central Asia, but comparable measurements of other structures with specimens previously described from other collections. We document our new observations with scanning electron microscopy features not previously demonstrable by other observers and provide a chemical analysis of proboscis hooks using energy-dispersive X-ray analysis for the first time. The molecular profile of this acanthocephalan, based on 18S rDNA and cox1 genes, was generated for the first time. The phylogenetic analysis showed that N. major is placed in a clade of the family Oligacanthorhynchidae, well separated from the families Moniliformidae and Gigantorhynchidae.

Problems associated with ageing squid from their statoliths: towards a more structured approach

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek R. Lipinski ◽  
M. Deon Durholtz
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Etching Solution ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Structured Approach ◽  
Fish Otoliths ◽  
Scanning Electron

It appears that squid statoliths cannot yet be regarded as accurate an ageing tool as fish otoliths. Statoliths from the same pair, prepared differently for viewing and counting increments, were compared. Increment counts do not imply age in days, because this was not validated. One statolith from each pair was examined by light microscopy (LM) after preparation following a new method. The other was viewed by Scanning Electron microscopy (SEM) with a modified etching solution. Shape of each statolith was similar when compared by multiple regression analysis (11 variables, n=53). There was a weak but significant difference between sexes (statoliths of females were slightly larger). All other differences were insignificant. Microscopic observation and increment counts of increments were successfully carried out for 37 pairs of statoliths. Significant differences between two independent counts were found for the LM method, but no significant differences were found between two independent SEM counts. Counts were significantly different when interpreted by both LM and SEM, probably because of poor resolution in the LM readings and over-resolution (growth layers prominent and numerous) in those read by SEM. Recommendations are made on how ageing studies, based on statoliths, should be structured and the results evaluated.

Pollen morphology of Sabinaria magnifica (Cryosophileae, Coryphoideae, Arecaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 207 (1) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Raul Bogota ◽  
Carina Hoorn ◽  
Wim Star ◽  
Rob Langelaan ◽  
Hannah Banks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
The Other ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Palm Species ◽  
Scanning Electron

Sabinaria magnifica is so far the only known species in the recently discovered tropical palm genus Sabinaria (Arecaceae). Here we present a complete description of the pollen morphology of this palm species based on light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We also made SEM-based comparisons of Sabinaria with other genera within the tribe Cryosophileae. Pollen grains of Sabinaria magnifica resemble the other genera in the heteropolar, slightly asymmetric monads, and the monosulcate and tectate exine with perforate surface. Nevertheless, there are some clear differences with Thrinax, Chelyocarpus and Cryosophila in terms of aperture and exine. S. magnifica differs from its closest relative, Itaya amicorum, in the exine structure. This study shows that a combination of microscope techniques is essential for the identification of different genera within the Cryosophileae and may also be a necessary when working with other palynologically less distinct palm genera. 

Scanning Electron Microscopy and Geometric Contour Morphometry for Identifying Eggs of Three Amazonian Species of Mansonia (Diptera: Culicidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 745-754
Author(s):  
Francisco Augusto da Silva Ferreira ◽  
Rejane de Castro Simões ◽  
Ruth Leila Ferreira-Keppler ◽  
Jeronimo Alencar ◽  
Vera Margarete Scarpassa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Accuracy Rate ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Geometric Morphometry ◽  
Neotropical Species ◽  
Egg Morphology ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract The eggs of three Amazonian species of the genus Mansonia (Diptera: Culicidae) were analyzed using morphological and morphometric characters. Eggs of Mansonia humeralis Dyar & Knab, 1916 were morphologically different from those of Mansonia titillans (Walker, 1848) and Mansonia amazonensis (Theobald, 1901), which were more similar to each other according to linear and geometric morphometry. A principal component analysis generated from elliptic Fourier contour data (PC1—92.6% and PC2—2.61%) indicated that Ma. amazonensis and Ma. titillans are more similar to each other than either is to Ma. humeralis. Discriminant multivariate analysis was highly accurate with only four classification errors and a 90% accuracy rate. The results indicate that the three Amazonian species can be precisely distinguished in the egg stage and that geometric morphometry based on elliptic Fourier contours is a promising method for distinguishing eggs of species of Mansonia. An identification key based on egg morphology is provided to distinguish the four Neotropical species.

scholarly journals Fine Structure of Maxillary Palps in Adults of Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Pezzi ◽  
C Scapoli ◽  
M Bharti ◽  
M J Faucheux ◽  
M Chicca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
The Family ◽  
Sensory Structures ◽  
First Time ◽  
Maxillary Palps ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract A relevant species in waste management but also in forensic, medical, and veterinary sciences is the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus; Diptera: Stratiomyidae). An ultrastructural study by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was conducted for the first time on maxillary palps of both sexes, describing in detail the morphology and distribution of sensilla and microtrichia. The maxillary palps, composed of two segments, show sexual dimorphism in length and shape. In both sexes, the first segment is covered only by microtrichia, but the second one is divided into two parts: the proximal one, covered only by microtrichia, and the distal one containing both microtrichia and sensory structures. These structures include two types of sensory pits and one of chaetic sensilla. Due to sexual dimorphism in palp size, females have a higher number of sensory pits. The sexual dimorphism of palps and the presence and role of sensilla in H. illucens was discussed in comparison to other species of the family Stratiomyidae and of other Diptera. This study may represent a base for further investigations on mouthpart structures of this species, involved in key physiological activities, such as feeding, mating and oviposition.

Ultrastructural observations on the surface of Thelazia lacrymalis (Nematoda: Spirurida, Thelaziidae)

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soraya Naem
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Buccal Capsule ◽  
Ventral Side ◽  
Infected Cattle ◽  
Surface Ultrastructure ◽  
Small Papilla ◽  
Scanning Electron

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the surface ultrastructure of female Thelazia lacrymalis obtained from naturally infected cattle. At the anterior end, the buccal capsule was cup shaped. The mouth was without lips and was surrounded by four cephalic papillae and two amphids. There were two lateral cervical papillae. Also, a single small papilla was seen on the ventral side, close to the vulvar opening. The vulva was located posterior to the end of the oesophagus and the tail carried an anal pore and a pair of phasmids near the tip. The cuticle was transversally annulated with fine striations.

scholarly journals In VitroAdherence of Oral Bacteria to Different Types of Tongue Piercings

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Pereira Borges ◽  
Julio Cesar Campos Ferreira-Filho ◽  
Julia Medeiros Martins ◽  
Caroline Vieira Alves ◽  
Bianca Marques Santiago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Scanning Electron

The purpose of this work was to verifyin vitroadherence ofE. corrodensandS. oralisto the surface of tongue piercings made of surgical steel, titanium, Bioplast, and Teflon. For this, 160 piercings were used for the count of Colony Forming Units (CFU) and 32 piercings for analysis under scanning electron microscopy. Of these, 96 (24 of each type) were individually incubated in 5 mL of BHI broth and 50 μL of inoculum at 37°C/24 h. The other 96 piercings formed the control group and were individually incubated in 5 mL of BHI broth at 37°C/24 h. Plates were incubated at 37°C/48 h for counting of CFU/mL and data were submitted to statistical analysis (pvalue<0.05). ForE. corrodens, difference among types of material was observed (p<0.001) and titanium and surgical steel showed lower bacterial adherence. The adherence ofS. oralisdiffered among piercings, showing lower colonization (p<0.007) in titanium and surgical steel piercings. The four types of piercings were susceptible to colonization byE. corrodensandS. oralis, and bacterial adhesion was more significant in those made of Bioplast and Teflon. The piercings presented bacterial colonies on their surface, being higher in plastic piercings probably due to their uneven and rough surface.

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