Olfaction, pheromones and life

2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (12) ◽  
pp. 1156-1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
E E Hoskison
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Human Evolution ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
The Cochrane Library

AbstractBackground:From an evolutionary standpoint, olfaction is one of the oldest senses, and one that affects all aspects of life. This review discusses the influence of olfaction and pheromones on life.Methods:A literature search was conducted using MEDLINE (1966–2012), Embase (1988–2012), The Cochrane Library (1993–2013) and Ovid (1966–2012).Results:Olfaction plays an important role in life, from infancy through to adulthood and declining health in old age. Culture, memories and emotions, which add to life's complexity and overall enjoyment, are also influenced by olfaction.Conclusion:Olfaction has a chronological influence on life, affecting all aspects from the cradle to the grave; it plays a role in the quality of life as a key ingredient of human evolution, survival and enjoyment.

scholarly journals Does Conservative Kidney Management Offer a Quantity or Quality of Life Benefit Compared to Dialysis? A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Buur Louise Engelbrecht ◽  
Madsen Jens Kristian ◽  
Eidemak Inge ◽  
Krarup Elizabeth ◽  
Lauridsen Thomas Guldager ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Place Of Death ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Secondary Outcomes ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Abstract Background Patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD5) collaborate with their clinicians when choosing their future treatment modality. Most elderly patients with CKD5 may only have two treatment options: dialysis or conservative kidney management (CKM). The objective of this systematic review was to investigate whether CKM offers a quantity or quality of life benefit compared to dialysis for some patients with CKD5.MethodsThe databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and CINAHL were systematically searched for studies comparing patients with CKD5 treated with CKM or dialysis. The primary outcomes were mortality and quality of life (QoL). Hospitalization, symptom burden, and place of death were secondary outcomes. For studies reporting hazard ratios, pooled values were calculated, and forest plots conducted.ResultsTwenty-four primary studies, all observational, were identified. All studies except one reported an increased mortality in patients treated with CKM (pooled hazard ratio 0.53, 95% confidence interval 0.41-0.69). For patients aged ≥ 80 years and for elderly individuals with comorbidities, results were ambiguous. In most studies, CKM seemed advantageous for QoL and secondary outcomes. Findings were limited by the heterogeneity of studies and biased outcomes favouring dialysis.ConclusionsIn general, patients with CKD5 live for a shorter time on CKM than on dialysis. In patients aged ≥ 80 years old, and in elderly individuals with comorbidities, the survival benefits of dialysis seem to be lost. Regarding QoL, symptom burden, hospitalization, and place of death, CKM may have advantages. Higher quality studies are needed to guide patients and clinicians in the decision-making process.

scholarly journals Itch in Chronic Wounds: Pathophysiology, Impact, and Management

Medicines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michela Iannone ◽  
Agata Janowska ◽  
Valentina Dini ◽  
Giulia Tonini ◽  
Teresa Oranges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Tissue Edema ◽  
Practical Guidelines ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
The Impact

Background: The aims of this review are to analyze the current literature regarding the characteristics and pathophysiological mechanisms of itch in chronic wounds, to assess the impact on quality of life and delayed-healing, to focus on the best strategies of prevention and treatment, to highlight the importance of on-going research in order to fully understand the pathophysiology, and to improve the management of target therapies. Methods: A systematic literature review was performed using MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and the Cochrane Library. We included a total of 11 articles written in English with relevant information on the pathophysiology of itch in chronic wounds and on management strategies. Results: Itch in chronic wounds was found to be correlated with xerosis, larger wound areas, necrotic tissue and amount of exudate, peripheral tissue edema, sclerosis, granulation tissue, contact dermatitis, and bacterial burden, as well as with lower quality of life. Conclusions: Although there are several aspecific pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches, there appears to be no validated prevention or management strategy for itch in chronic wounds. Further studies are needed to clarify the association and pathophysiology of itch in chronic wounds, to evaluate the safety and efficacy of topical treatments on perilesional skin to reduce itch, to characterize multidimensional sensations of itch in chronic wounds, to identify specific cytokine and chemokine expressions that are correlated to a tailored-based approach, and to develop practical guidelines.

scholarly journals Evaluación de la calidad de vida según el estado nutricional del paciente paliativo adulto: revisión sistemática

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ester Aracil-Lavado ◽  
Carmina Wanden-Berghe ◽  
Javier Sanz-Valero
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Calidad De Vida ◽  
Revisión Sistemática ◽  
Literatura Latinoamericana ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Objetivo: Revisar la literatura científica relacionada con la calidad de vida según el estado nutricional del paciente paliativo adulto.Método: Análisis crítico de los trabajos recuperados mediante revisión sistemática. Los datos se obtuvieron de la consulta directa y acceso, vía Internet, a las siguientes bases de datos bibliográficas del ámbito de las ciencias de la salud: MEDLINE (vía PubMed), The Cochrane Library, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINHAL), Web of Science y la Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS). Se consideró adecuado el uso de los Descriptores “Quality of life”, “Nutritional Status” y “Palliative care”, utilizando los filtros: «Humans», «Adult» y «Comparative Study» o «Clinical Trial». Fecha de la búsqueda: noviembre de 2016.Resultados: Tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión se aceptaron 4 estudios para su revisión y análisis crítico. Al evaluar la calidad de los artículos seleccionados para la revisión mediante el cuestionario CONSORT, las puntuaciones oscilaron entre 11 y 20 sobre una puntuación máxima de 25.Conclusiones: El seguimiento nutricional de los enfermos estaba relacionado directamente con la mejora del estado nutricional, y se correspondía con el incremento de la calidad de vida. Sería deseable utilizar cuestionarios específicos y validados para evaluar la calidad de vida según el estado nutricional que permitirán minimizar cualquier tipo de subjetividad del paciente. Serían necesarios futuros estudios, con una adecuada población, que aclaren la relación directa entre el estado nutricional y la calidad de vida en los enfermos paliativos.

scholarly journals Does conservative kidney management offer a quantity or quality of life benefit compared to dialysis? A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Buur Louise Engelbrecht ◽  
Madsen Jens Kristian ◽  
Eidemak Inge ◽  
Krarup Elizabeth ◽  
Lauridsen Thomas Guldager ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Place Of Death ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Secondary Outcomes ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Abstract Background Patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD5) collaborate with their clinicians when choosing their future treatment modality. Most elderly patients with CKD5 may only have two treatment options: dialysis or conservative kidney management (CKM). The objective of this systematic review was to investigate whether CKM offers a quantity or quality of life benefit compared to dialysis for some patients with CKD5. Methods The databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and CINAHL were systematically searched for studies comparing patients with CKD5 who had chosen or were treated with either CKM or dialysis. The primary outcomes were mortality and quality of life (QoL). Hospitalization, symptom burden, and place of death were secondary outcomes. For studies reporting hazard ratios, pooled values were calculated, and forest plots conducted. Results Twenty-five primary studies, all observational, were identified. All studies reported an increased mortality in patients treated with CKM (pooled hazard ratio 0.47, 95 % confidence interval 0.34–0.65). For patients aged ≥ 80 years and for elderly individuals with comorbidities, results were ambiguous. In most studies, CKM seemed advantageous for QoL and secondary outcomes. Findings were limited by the heterogeneity of studies and biased outcomes favouring dialysis. Conclusions In general, patients with CKD5 who have chosen or are on CKM live for a shorter time than patients who have chosen or are on dialysis. In patients aged ≥ 80 years old, and in elderly individuals with comorbidities, the survival benefits of dialysis seem to be lost. Regarding QoL, symptom burden, hospitalization, and place of death, CKM may have advantages. Higher quality studies are needed to guide patients and clinicians in the decision-making process.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Benefits of Balneotherapy on Quality of Life of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13216
Author(s):  
Maria Fernandez-Gonzalez ◽  
Carolina Fernandez-Lao ◽  
Lydia Martin-Martin ◽  
Angela Gonzalez-Santos ◽  
Maria Lopez-Garzon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Rheumatic Disease ◽  
Mineral Waters ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Treatment Administration ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common inflammatory rheumatic disease. RA symptoms make the disease disabling and strongly impact the quality of life of patients. Among the available forms of treatment, balneotherapy seems to be one of the most common forms of nonpharmacological treatment for rheumatic disease. The aim was to explore the effectiveness of balneotherapy for improving the quality of life of patients with RA. Methods: Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science and The Cochrane library were searched for randomized or clinical controlled trials published in English or Spanish until May 2021. Risk of bias of included articles were assessed using the Cochrane tool. A total 535 records were retrieved, and seven met the inclusion criteria. All the included studies showed statistically significant improvements in the quality of life of patients who received balneotherapy treatment despite differences in treatment administration. Sessions should be approximately 20 min long and use natural mineral waters enriched with elements, or mud, at a water temperature between 35–38 °C. Conclusions: Balneotherapy benefits the quality of life of people with RA. The obtained results show positive effects for both mineral bathing and immersion in sand or mud on the quality of life of people who suffer from RA.

scholarly journals Does Conservative Kidney Management Offer A quantity or Quality of Life Benefit Compared to Dialysis? A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Buur ◽  
Jens Madsen ◽  
Inge Eidemak ◽  
Elizabeth Krarup ◽  
Thomas Lauridsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Place Of Death ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Secondary Outcomes ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Abstract Background Patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD5) collaborate with their clinicians when choosing their future treatment modality. Most elderly patients with CKD5 may only have two treatment options: dialysis or conservative kidney management (CKM). The objective of this systematic review is to investigate whether CKM offers a quantity or quality of life benefit compared to dialysis for some patients with CKD5.Methods The databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and CINAHL were systematically searched for studies comparing patients with CKD5 treated with CKM or dialysis. The primary outcomes were survival and quality of life (QoL). Hospitalization, symptom burden, and place of death were secondary outcomes. For studies reporting hazard ratios, pooled values were calculated and forest plots conducted.Results Twenty-four primary studies, all observational, were identified. All studies except one reported shorter survival in patients treated with CKM (pooled hazard ratio 0.53, 95% confidence interval 0.41-0.69). For patients aged ≥ 80 years and for elderly individuals with comorbidities, results were ambiguous. In most studies, CKM seemed advantageous for QoL and secondary outcomes. Findings were limited by the heterogeneity of studies and biased outcomes favouring dialysis.Conclusions In general, patients with CKD5 live for a shorter time on CKM than on dialysis. In patients aged ≥ 80 years old, and in elderly individuals with comorbidities, the survival benefits of dialysis seem to be lost. Regarding QoL, symptom burden, hospitalization, and place of death, CKM may have advantages. Higher quality studies are needed to guide patients and clinicians in the decision-making process.

A Systematic Review of Symptoms and Quality of Life Issues in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumours

2017 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Topping ◽  
Debra Gray ◽  
Elizabeth Friend ◽  
Albert Davies ◽  
John K. Ramage
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumours ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Life Issues ◽  
Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumours ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Purpose: Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (pNETs) are rare neoplasms, in that they may only present symptoms of the hormone secreted, without any generic cancer issues. It is thus important to measure quality of life (QoL) in these patients by evaluating issues relevant and important to them, as opposed to general cancer issues. This paper systematically reviews papers addressing the symptoms and QoL implications of pNETs, and evaluates each subtype separately, with the aim to create a list of QoL issues relevant to these patient groups. Methods: Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycInfo, Web of Science, Scopus, OpenGrey, and the Cochrane Library were searched for publications (1990-2016) reporting symptoms and QoL issues in pNETs. Results: Following screening of 2,797 papers, 69 articles were eligible for data extraction. From these papers, 84 different symptoms or QoL issues were extracted: 21 for gastrinoma, 18 for glucagonoma, 50 for insulinoma, 10 for VIPoma and 15 for non-functioning pNETs. No issues were reported for somatostatinoma, PPoma or ACTHoma. The most frequently reported symptoms vary by subtype. Conclusions: This review emphasises the need to develop a QoL measure for pNETs with specific items relevant to the different subtypes, due to the distinct symptoms reported. Following from this review, patient and healthcare professional interviews will be conducted in large cohorts across many different countries to collect more data on QoL issues specific to pNETs. This data will all be collated with the aim to create a QoL measure for pNETs.

scholarly journals Evaluation of quality of life related to nutritional status

2009 ◽  
Vol 101 (7) ◽  
pp. 950-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmina Wanden-Berghe ◽  
Javier Sanz-Valero ◽  
Vicenta Escribà-Agüir ◽  
Isabel Castelló-Botia ◽  
Rocio Guardiola-Wanden-Berghe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Spanish Health ◽  
The Relationship

The way in which the quality of life related to health (HRQoL) is affected by the nutritional status of the patient is a subject of constant interest and permanent debate. The purpose of the present paper is to review those studies that relate HRQoL to nutritional status and examine the tools (questionnaires) that they use to investigate this relationship. A critical review of published studies was carried out via an investigation of the following databases: MEDLINE (via PubMed); EMBASE; The Cochrane Library; Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL); Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) Web of Science; Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS); Spanish Health Sciences Bibliographic Index (IBECS). The search was carried out from the earliest date possible until July 2007.The medical subject heading terms used were ‘quality of life’, ‘nutritional status’ and ‘questionnaires’. The articles had to contain at least one questionnaire that evaluated quality of life. Twenty-eight documents fulfilling the inclusion criteria were accepted, although none of them used a specific questionnaire to evaluate HRQoL related to nutritional status. However, some of them used a combination of generic questionnaires with the intention of evaluating the same. Only three studies selectively addressed the relationship between nutritional status and quality of life, this evaluation being performed not by means of specific questionnaires but by statistical analysis of data obtained via validated questionnaires.

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