Studies on Bacidia (lichenized Ascomycota, Ramalinaceae) in temperate Australia, including Tasmania: saxicolous and terricolous species

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gintaras KANTVILAS
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
South Wales ◽  
First Time

AbstractDescriptions, illustrations, discussion and an identification key are presented for six saxicolous and terricolous species of the lichen genus Bacidia De Not. occurring in temperate Australia and Tasmania. Three species are described as new to science: B. lithophila Kantvilas from northern Tasmania, characterized by having only brown apothecial pigments and 3–5-septate, acicular ascospores, 23–35×1·5–2·0 µm; B. littoralis Kantvilas from Tasmania, South Australia (Kangaroo Island) and New South Wales, characterized by green and brown apothecial pigments and acicular, 3–7-septate ascospores, 24–48×2·0–3·5 µm; and B. maccarthyi Kantvilas from New South Wales, with pruinose apothecia and long, filiform, 17–25-septate ascospores, 65–115×2·5–4·0 µm. Three further species are reported for the region for the first time: B. bagliettoana (A. Massal. & de Not.) Jatta (Tasmania), B. curvispora Coppins & Fryday (Tasmania) and B. scopulicola (Nyl.) A. L. Sm. (Tasmania, Victoria).

First record of Sclerotinia laxa Aderh. Ruhl. in New South Wales: differentiation from S. fructicola (Wint.) Rehm. by cultural characteristics and electrophoresis

1976 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 547 ◽  
Author(s):  
LJ Penrose ◽  
J Tarran ◽  
A-L Wong
Keyword(s):  
Prunus Persica ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Australia ◽  
First Record ◽  
Prunus Domestica ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
Electrophoretic Patterns ◽  
South Wales ◽  
First Time

Sclerotinia laxa is recorded for the first time in New South Wales, at Orange. A survey indicates that the disease is confined to the Central Tableland. The disease was detected on Chaenomeles spp. (flowering quince), Prunus domestica (European plum), Prunus persica (nectarine) and several ornamental Prunus species (flowering cherries, apricot and peach). Cultural characteristics and acrylamidc-gel clectrophoresis were used to compare several of these isolates with isolates of S. fructicola from New South Wales and with S. laxa from Victoria. Isolates of S. laxa from South Australia and Tasmania were also studied in culture. The general colony lobing and the absence of hyphal anastomoses between germinating conidia can be used to identify S. laxa. Other cultural features found to be of little value for identification are discussed. The electrophoretic patterns for several enzymes clearly distinguished S. laxa from S. fructicola, and these representative reference patterns are useful for species identification.

Further additions to the genus Menegazzia A. Massal. (Parmeliaceae) in Australia, with a revised regional key

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-146
Author(s):  
Gintaras KANTVILAS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
South America ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
South Wales ◽  
First Time

AbstractAn identification key to the 39 species of Menegazzia recorded for Australia and its offshore islands (including Tasmania) is presented. Distribution patterns are discussed and summarized. Mainland Australia supports 19 species, with seven endemics, and shares 12 species with Tasmania, six with New Zealand and one with South America. The new species, Menegazzia williamsii Kantvilas from New South Wales, is described and is characterized by an inflated, fragile, esorediate thallus containing stictic acid but lacking isopigmentosin, 2-spored asci and an inspersed epihymenium. In addition, M. hypernota Bjerke, formerly known only from New Zealand, is recorded from Tasmania for the first time.

Parasitic copepods of the family Lernanthropidae Kabata, 1979 (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida) from Australian fishes, with descriptions of seven new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4736 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-103
Author(s):  
GEOFF A. BOXSHALL ◽  
JAMES P. BERNOT ◽  
DIANE P. BARTON ◽  
BEN K. DIGGLES ◽  
RUSSELL Q-Y. YONG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Parasitic Copepods ◽  
South Wales ◽  
First Time ◽  
Subjective Synonym

The total number of species of Lernanthropidae previously recorded from Australian waters is 15 (i.e., one species each of Aethon Krøyer, 1837, Lernanthropodes Bere, 1936, and Lernanthropsis Do, in Ho & Do, 1985; 10 species of Lernanthropus de Blainville, 1822; and two species of Sagum Wilson, 1913), and all of these records are reviewed. We report here the presence of three species of Aethon. One species, A. garricki Hewitt, 1968, is reported from Australian waters for the first time and a new species, A. bicamera sp. nov., is described from the latrid, Latris lineatus (Forster, 1801) caught off South Australia. The genus Lernanthropodes is represented by a single species, L. trachinoti Pillai, 1962. We recognize Chauvanium Kazachenko, Kovaleva, Nguyen & Ngo, 2017 as a subjective synonym of Lernanthropodes and transfer its type and only species C. chauvani Kazachenko, Kovaleva, Nguyen & Ngo, 2017 which becomes Lernanthropodes chauvani (Kazachenko, Kovaleva, Nguyen & Ngo, 2017) n. comb. Lernanthropsis mugilii (Shishido, 1898) is reported here from Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758 sampled in Queensland and in New South Wales. The genus Lernanthropus is the most species rich and we report the presence of 20 nominal species on Australian marine fishes. This total includes six new species: L. alepicolus sp. nov. from Alepes apercna Grant, 1987, L. elegans sp. nov. from Atractoscion aequidens (Cuvier, 1830), L. gnathanodontus sp. nov. from Gnathanodon speciosus (Forsskål, 1775), L. paracruciatus sp. nov. from Protonibea diacanthus (Lacepède, 1802), L. pemphericola sp. nov. from Pempheris compressa (White, 1790), and L. selenotoca sp. nov. from Selenotoca multifasciata (Richardson, 1846). In addition, we report the presence of another four species in Australian waters for the first time: L. abitocephalus Tripathi, 1962, L. cadenati Delamare Deboutteville & Nuñes-Ruivo, 1954, L. microlamini Hewitt, 1968, and L. pomadasysis Rangnekar & Murti, 1961. After reexamination of the types of L. paenulatus Wilson, 1922 held in the USNM, we relegate this species to subjective synonymy with L. seriolii Shishido, 1898. Previous records of L. paenulatus from Australian Seriola species should be reassigned to L. seriolii. Lernanthropus ecclesi Kensley & Grindley, 1973 is recognized as a junior subjective synonym of L. micropterygis Richiardi, 1884, and L. delamarei Marques, 1960, which is based on the male only, is tentatively considered to be a junior subjective synonym of L. micropterygis. Males are described for the first time for three species; L. breviculus Kabata, 1979, L. microlamini and L. mollis Kabata, 1979. A member of the genus Mitrapus Song & Chen, 1976, M. oblongus (Pillai, 1964), is reported from Australia for the first time, on Herklotsichthys castelnaui (Ogilby, 1897) caught off Queensland and New South Wales. Finally, two species of Sagum were previously known from Australia and here we add three more. Two of the newly reported species were originally described as species of Lernanthropus but we formally transfer them here to Sagum as S. lativentris (Heller, 1865) n. comb. and S. sanguineus (Song, in Song & Chen, 1976) n. comb. The males of S. lativentris and S. vespertilio Kabata, 1979 are described for the first time. A key to the females of the 31 species of lernanthropids found in Australian waters is provided. 

A Revision of Triodia including Plectrachne (Poaceae, Eragrostideae, Triodiinae)

1997 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 381 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lazarides
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Specific Rank ◽  
First Time

On the basis of morphological data presented herein, Plectrachne Henr. is included in Triodia R.Br. This congeneric change requires 15 new combinations and three new nominations. In Triodia R.Br. sens. lat., 11 new species are proposed, one subspecies is raised to specific rank, while three species and six varieties are reduced to synonyms. For the first time, Triodia melvillei and T. schinzii are recorded for South Australia, T. bunicola for Victoria, T. mollis for Queensland and T. marginata for New South Wales. Although probably monophyletic, Triodia as here interpreted is widely variable. Thus, a classification of nine informal infrageneric groups is proposed.

In A Fix: Fixed-Term Parliaments in the Australian States

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-298
Author(s):  
Peter Congdon
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Constitutional Amendments ◽  
South Wales

Constitutional systems of Westminster heritage are increasingly moving towards fixed-term parliaments to, amongst other things, prevent the Premier or Prime Minister opportunistically calling a ‘snap election’. Amongst the Australian states, qualified fixed-term parliaments currently exist in New South Wales, South Australia and Victoria. Queensland, Tasmania and Western Australia have also deliberated over whether to establish similar fixed-term parliaments. However, manner and form provisions in those states' constitutions entrench the Parliament's duration, Governor's Office and dissolution power. In Western Australia and Queensland, unlike Tasmania, such provisions are doubly entrenched. This article considers whether these entrenching provisions present legal obstacles to constitutional amendments establishing fixed-term parliaments in those two states. This involves examining whether laws fixing parliamentary terms fall within section 6 of the Australia Acts 1986 (Cth) & (UK). The article concludes by examining recent amendments to the Electoral Act 1907 (WA) designed to enable fixed election dates in Western Australia without requiring a successful referendum.

The Relation Between the Food of the Australian Barracouta, Thyrsites atun (Euphrasen), and Recent Fluctuations in the Fisheries

1957 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Blackburn
Keyword(s):  
Population Distribution ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Downward Trend ◽  
Small Fish ◽  
Fish Diet ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Independent Evidence ◽  
South Wales

The diet of surface-swimming Australian barracouta was studied from over 10,000 stomachs. The principal prey organisms in Bass Strait are the euphausiid Nyctiphanes australis Sars, the anchovy Engraulis australis (White), and young barracouta, in that order; and in eastern Tasmania Nyctiphanes, Engraulis, and the sprat Clupea bassensis McCulloch, in that order. The pilchard Sardinops neopilchardus (Steindachner) is not an important item of the diet in these regions although it is so in New South Wales, South Australia, and Western Australia. The jack mackerel Trachurus declivis Jenyns is a significant item in eastern Tasmania and New South Wales but not in Bass Strait. These and other features of the fish diet of the barracouta reflect actual availability of the various small fish species in the waters. Barracouta eat Nyctiphanes by herding them into dense masses (or finding them already concentrated) and swallowing them. The movements of the anchovy make it unavailable to Bass Strait and eastern Tasmanian barracouta for much of the summer and autumn period, when the barracouta are thus dependent upon Nyctiphanes for the bulk of their food. A close positive relationship between the availability of barracouta and Nyctiphanes might therefore be expected at those seasons. There is evidence of such a relationship between mean availability (catch per boat-month) of barracouta and mean percentage of barracouta stomachs containing Nyctiphanes, at those seasons, from year to year. For southern Victorian coastal waters both show a downward trend from 1948-49 to 1950-51 and then an upward trend to 1953-54; for eastern Tasmania both show a downward trend (for autumn only) from 1949-50 through 1952-53. The records of catch per boat-month furnish independent evidence that the main variations in this index were effects of availability (population distribution or behaviour) rather than abundance (population size), at least for southern Victoria. It is therefore considered that when scarcity of barracouta occurs in summer and autumn in the coastal fishing areas it may be due to scarcity of Nyctiphanes, forcing the fish to go offshore for this food which is known to be available there. This would take the fish out of range of the fishermen.

Dacus tryoni. [Distribution map].

1960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Bactrocera Tryoni ◽  
South Wales ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Dacus tryoni[Bactrocera tryoni] (Frogg.) (Dipt., Trypetidae) (Queensland Fruit-fly) Hosts: Many deciduous and subtropical fruits. Information is given on the geographical distribution in AUSTRALIA, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria.

Podospora excentrica. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
South America ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
New South ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Australia ◽  
South Wales

Abstract A description is provided for Podospora excentrica. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, dispersal and transmission, habitats and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (South America (Venezuela), Atlantic Ocean (Portugal (Madeira)), Australasia (Australia (New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia)), New Zealand, Europe (Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, UK)).

John Davies Thomas: Chloroformist in London and pioneer South Australian doctor

2021 ◽  
pp. 0310057X2110315
Author(s):  
Rajesh P Haridas
Keyword(s):  
Medical Journal ◽  
North America ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Medical Officer ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Adelaide Hospital ◽  
Medical Society ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
South Wales

John Davies Thomas (1844–1893) described a two-ounce drop-bottle for chloroform in 1872 while he was a resident medical officer at University College Hospital, London. After working as a ship’s surgeon, he settled in Australia. In May 1875, Thomas presented a paper on the mortality from ether and chloroform at a meeting of the Medical Society of Victoria in Melbourne, Victoria. Surveys conducted in Europe and North America had established that the mortality from chloroform was eight to ten times higher than that from ether. At that time, chloroform was the most widely administered anaesthetic in Australia. Thomas’ paper was published in The Australian Medical Journal and reprinted by the Medical Society of Victoria for distribution to hospitals in the Colony of Victoria. Later that year, Thomas moved to Adelaide, South Australia, where he may have been influential at the Adelaide Hospital in ensuring that ether was administered more often than chloroform. It does not appear that Thomas’ papers on anaesthesia had a significant effect on the conduct of anaesthesia in Victoria or New South Wales.

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