Observations on an endozoic red alga

A description is given of a filamentous red alga which was found growing within a sponge collected from the sublittoral off Santander, Spain. The plant appears to be closely related to Acrochaetium spiculiphilum Dawson. A survey is given of the specific characters available for the typification of the known partially and completely endozoic Acrochaetium species, and some suggestions made on the more important lines of study.IntroductionDuring the summer of 1957 some specimens of the keratinous sponge Haliclona were collected from the sublittoral off Santander, Spain, by Mr G. R. Forster. Certain of the specimens bore extensive areas of red, and on preliminary examination this colour was found to be due to the filaments of a red alga showing an extensive ramifying growth within the skeleton of the sponge. The drawings and cell measurements to be reported were made from the plant material by A. D. B. soon after its collection. This information has been retained pending a more comprehensive study of endophytic and endozoic red algae. Work is now in progress on these lines (mainly by E. B. W.), and a re-examination of the Santander material has enabled us to make a critical study of the data available for a precise typification of plants of this habit. Further, since the association of endozoic filamentous red algae with sponges appears to be of rare occurrence, any examples need to be fully described.Description of PlantThe cells were of variable shape and size, and contained much-dissected parietal chromatophores (Fig. 1 a). Individual filaments tended to be closely packed together within the host (Fig. 1 b), and there was no extensive growth of erect filaments outside of the host material.