scholarly journals Cellulose Contents of Some Abundant Indian Seaweed Species

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arup K. Siddhanta ◽  
Sanjay Kumar ◽  
Gaurav K. Mehta ◽  
Mahesh U. Chhatbar ◽  
Mihir D. Oza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Algae ◽  
Red Alga ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Potential Utility ◽  
Caulerpa Taxifolia ◽  
Seaweed Species ◽  
Indian Waters ◽  
Hydroclathrus Clathratus ◽  
Chaetomorpha Aerea ◽  
Sargassum Tenerrimum

Crude cellulose as well as α- and β-celluloses were estimated in thirty-four seaweed species of fifteen orders of Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta and Rhodophyta of Indian waters. The greatest yields of crude cellulose and α-cellulose were obtained from Chaetomorpha aerea (approx. 20.0% and 18.5%, respectively), and of β-cellulose (approx. 3.1%) from Caulerpa imbricata. The lowest crude cellulose, and α-and β-contents were recorded for the calcareous red alga Liagora indica (approx. 0.90%, 0.70% and 0.10%, respectively). There was little variation in cellulose content among the brown algae, while wide variations in the yields were found in the green and red algae. The present work contributes to the repertoire of 67 Indian seaweed species studied to now for their cellulose contents in our laboratory. The combined studies highlight that Chaetomorpha aerea, Acrosiphonia orientalis, Caulerpa taxifolia, Sargassum tenerrimum, Hydroclathrus clathratus and Gelidiella acerosa possess relatively high (>10%) cellulose contents, which could be of potential utility.

scholarly journals Studies on the Regulation of Algal Growth by Gibberellin

1971 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
RC Jennings
Keyword(s):  
Red Algae ◽  
Algal Growth ◽  
Red Alga ◽  
General Phenomenon ◽  
Hypnea Musciformis ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Amo 1618 ◽  
Slow Growing

CCC and Amo.1618, at relatively high concentrations only, inhibited the growth of excised branch apices of the red alga Hypnea musciformis. Neither GA3 nor GA7 stimulated growth of the alga in the presence or absence of these compounds, and gibberellin-like material extracted from H. musciformis also failed to stimulate growth. However, both gibberellins stimulated the growth of slow-growing, but not fast-growing, branch apices of the related red alga Gracilaria verucosa. It is concluded that endogenous gibberellins may not regulate the growth of H. musciformis, but this is likely to be a peculiarity of this species and not a general phenomenon in red algae.

scholarly journals Growth and Differentiation of the Golgi Apparatus in the Red Alga, Callithamnion Roseum

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 633-655
Author(s):  
EVA KONRAD HAWKINS
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Red Algae ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Spore Wall ◽  
Red Alga ◽  
Wall Formation ◽  
Golgi Vesicles

The fine structure of the Golgi apparatus during development of tetrasporangia of Calli-thamnion roseum is described. Dictyosomes and associated vesicles of 4 developmental stages of sporangia are examined. The wall of sporangia exhibits a heretofore unseen cuticle in red algae. Development of the spore wall and a new plasma membrane around spores occurs through fusion of adjacent Golgi vesicles along the periphery of cells. Observations are discussed in relation to wall formation and expansion of tetrads and in comparison with other work on growth and differentiation of the Golgi apparatus.

Studies on R-phycoerythrins from two Antarctic marine red algae and a mesophilic red alga

Polar Biology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 384-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert MacColl ◽  
Leslie E. Eisele ◽  
Henry Malak ◽  
Richard L. Endres ◽  
Edwin C. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Algae ◽  
Red Alga ◽  
Antarctic Marine

scholarly journals The Quantum Yield of Photosynthesis in Porphyridium cruentum, and the Role of Chlorophyll a in the Photosynthesis of Red Algae

1959 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia Brody ◽  
Robert Emerson
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Yield ◽  
Red Algae ◽  
Photosynthetic Efficiency ◽  
Red Alga ◽  
Porphyridium Cruentum ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Algal Groups ◽  
A Minor

Quantum yield measurements were made with the red alga Porphyridium cruentum, cultured so as to give different proportions of chlorophyll and phycobilins. Totally absorbing suspensions were used so that there was no uncertainty in the amount of energy absorbed. These measurements have shown that chlorophyll, in this alga, has a photosynthetic efficiency as high as in other algal groups, and higher than the phycobilins—at least at wave lengths shorter than about 650 mµ. Wave lengths longer than this are beyond the range of maximum efficiency of chlorophyll. Under specified conditions of temperature and supplementary light full efficiency may be extended to longer wave lengths. The results of these measurements have made it unnecessary to suppose that in red algae chlorophyll plays a minor role while the phycobilins are the photosynthetic sensitizers of primary importance.

scholarly journals Costatone C—A new halogenated monoterpene from the New Zealand red alga plocamium angustum

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe Bracegirdle ◽  
Z Sohail ◽  
Michael Fairhurst ◽  
Monica Gerth ◽  
Giuseppe Zuccarello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Absolute Configuration ◽  
Red Algae ◽  
Red Alga ◽  
Product Distributions ◽  
Halogenated Monoterpenes ◽  
The Absolute

© 2019 by the authors Red algae of the genus Plocamium have been a rich source of halogenated monoterpenes. Herein, a new cyclic monoterpene, costatone C (7), was isolated from the extract of P. angustum collected in New Zealand, along with the previously reported (1E,5Z)-1,6-dichloro-2-methylhepta-1,5-dien-3-ol (8). Elucidation of the planar structure of 7 was achieved through conventional NMR and (−)-HR-APCI-MS techniques, and the absolute configuration by comparison of experimental and DFT-calculated ECD spectra. The absolute configuration of 8 was determined using Mosher’s method. Compound 7 showed mild antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis. The state of Plocamium taxonomy and its implications upon natural product distributions, especially across samples from specimens collected in different countries, is also discussed.

scholarly journals Costatone C—A New Halogenated Monoterpene from the New Zealand Red Alga Plocamium angustum

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe Bracegirdle ◽  
Zaineb Sohail ◽  
Michael J. Fairhurst ◽  
Monica L. Gerth ◽  
Giuseppe C. Zuccarello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Absolute Configuration ◽  
Red Algae ◽  
Red Alga ◽  
Product Distributions ◽  
Halogenated Monoterpenes ◽  
The Absolute

Red algae of the genus Plocamium have been a rich source of halogenated monoterpenes. Herein, a new cyclic monoterpene, costatone C (7), was isolated from the extract of P. angustum collected in New Zealand, along with the previously reported (1E,5Z)-1,6-dichloro-2-methylhepta-1,5-dien-3-ol (8). Elucidation of the planar structure of 7 was achieved through conventional NMR and (−)-HR-APCI-MS techniques, and the absolute configuration by comparison of experimental and DFT-calculated ECD spectra. The absolute configuration of 8 was determined using Mosher’s method. Compound 7 showed mild antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis. The state of Plocamium taxonomy and its implications upon natural product distributions, especially across samples from specimens collected in different countries, is also discussed.

A contaminant DNA barcode sequence reveals a new red algal order, Corynodactylales (Nemaliophycidae, Florideophyceae)

Botany ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 561-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary W. Saunders ◽  
Katelyn L. Wadland ◽  
Eric D. Salomaki ◽  
Christopher E. Lane
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Red Algae ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Genomic Data ◽  
Red Alga ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Red Algal ◽  
Multigene Phylogenetic Analysis

Routine DNA barcode surveys of red algae can occasionally yield contaminant sequences owing to the diverse epi/endo flora and fauna that can inhabit these species. Often discarded as nuisance data, further exploration in this study led to the discovery of an unusual red alga with a highly characteristic vegetative development in which the diminutive primary vegetative filaments are terminated by distinctive monosporangia. This entity is described here as Corynodactylus rejiciendus G.W. Saunders gen. et sp. nov. Generating genomic data from the host and associated epiphytic flora, and subsequently subtracting out genes of the former, facilitated a multigene phylogenetic analysis supporting recognition of Corynodactylaceae fam. nov. and Corynodactylales ord. nov. as a distant sister to the order Balliales in the subclass Nemaliophycidae.

Observations on an endozoic red alga

1967 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Boney ◽  
E. B. White
Keyword(s):  
Red Algae ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Red Alga ◽  
Host Material ◽  
Critical Study ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
Preliminary Examination ◽  
Extensive Growth ◽  
Shape And Size ◽  
Comprehensive Study

A description is given of a filamentous red alga which was found growing within a sponge collected from the sublittoral off Santander, Spain. The plant appears to be closely related to Acrochaetium spiculiphilum Dawson. A survey is given of the specific characters available for the typification of the known partially and completely endozoic Acrochaetium species, and some suggestions made on the more important lines of study.IntroductionDuring the summer of 1957 some specimens of the keratinous sponge Haliclona were collected from the sublittoral off Santander, Spain, by Mr G. R. Forster. Certain of the specimens bore extensive areas of red, and on preliminary examination this colour was found to be due to the filaments of a red alga showing an extensive ramifying growth within the skeleton of the sponge. The drawings and cell measurements to be reported were made from the plant material by A. D. B. soon after its collection. This information has been retained pending a more comprehensive study of endophytic and endozoic red algae. Work is now in progress on these lines (mainly by E. B. W.), and a re-examination of the Santander material has enabled us to make a critical study of the data available for a precise typification of plants of this habit. Further, since the association of endozoic filamentous red algae with sponges appears to be of rare occurrence, any examples need to be fully described.Description of PlantThe cells were of variable shape and size, and contained much-dissected parietal chromatophores (Fig. 1 a). Individual filaments tended to be closely packed together within the host (Fig. 1 b), and there was no extensive growth of erect filaments outside of the host material.

Profiling of cellulose content in Indian seaweed species

2009 ◽  
Vol 100 (24) ◽  
pp. 6669-6673 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K. Siddhanta ◽  
Kamalesh Prasad ◽  
Ramavatar Meena ◽  
Gayatri Prasad ◽  
Gaurav K. Mehta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Seaweed Species

An ultrastructural study of cell division in the coralline red alga Bossiella orbigniana

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 434-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Broadwater ◽  
Joe Scott ◽  
Dawn Field ◽  
Bill Saunders ◽  
Jewel Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Red Algae ◽  
Polar Region ◽  
Algal Cell ◽  
Metaphase Plate ◽  
Red Alga ◽  
Nucleolar Material ◽  
Red Algal ◽  
Polar Gap ◽  
Rough Er

This investigation of Bossiella orbigniana (Decaisne) Silva ssp. orbigniana represents the first ultrastructural account of cell division in the order Corallinales. The mitotic process in this alga is differentiated from that of other red algae by a combination of characters. During prometaphase–metaphase the division poles contain unusual membrane arrangements including quantities of smooth-surfaced membranes and elongate extensions of perinuclear rough ER. At anaphase extensive remnants of nucleolar material attach to the chromosomes, trailing them to the poles. After telophase, the distal nucleus continues to move toward the apex resulting in much greater nuclear segregation than accomplished by anaphase alone. Cytokinesis is temporally displaced from mitosis and displaced distally from the metaphase plate. A reevaluation of ultrastructural patterns of red algal cell division suggests that there are two basic types of mitosis, the polar gap type and the polar fenestrations type to which B. orbigniana belongs. These two types are differentiated by a number of characters with the most important being the configuration of the prometaphase–metaphase polar region and spindle origin. Key words: Bossiella, cell division, Corallinales, mitosis, phylogeny, red algae.

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