Preliminary studies on the lipid metabolism of Neomysis integer, Involving Labelled Feeding Experiments

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 657-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Morris ◽  
C. F. Ferguson ◽  
J. E. G. Raymont
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Neomysis Integer ◽  
Feeding Experiments ◽  
Dietary Starch ◽  
Layer Chromatography

A series of controlled, labelled feeding experiments were carried out on Neomysis integer in order to investigate its lipid metabolism. The techniques of thin-layer chromatography, preparative column chromatography, analytical and preparative gas-liquid chromatography and low-background 14C counting were used to follow the incorporation of a 14Clabelled fraction from a range of diets into the animal's lipid. Neomysis integer was found to be capable of converting dietary starch or short-chain saturated fatty acids to longchain polyunsaturated fatty acids, which were then incorporated into the TG and PL fractions.

Lipid Composition and Lipid Synthesis in Guinea Pig Megakaryocytes and Platelets

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.P. Schick ◽  
P.K. Schick
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Lipid Phosphorus ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Lipid composition and lipid synthesis have been compared in guinea pig megakaryocytes and platelets. Megakaryocytes were isolated from guinea pigs to 85% purity. Lipids were extracted and were separated by thin layer chromatography. Phospholipid (PL) content was determined by measurement of lipid phosphorus, and cholesterol and fatty acids were quantitated by gas-liquid chromatography. PL composition of megakaryocytes was:PS + PI 15.2%; SM 14.0%; PC 40.1%; PE 30. 6%. PL composition of platelets was: PS 10.1%; PI 4.5%; SM 16.5%; PC 39.5%; PE 29.6%. The cholesterol:PL ratio was 0.35 for megakaryocytes and 0.55 for platelets. The major fatty acids in the PL were: (% of total)Megakaryocytes and platelets were incubated for 1.5 hr with 14C-acetate. Megakaryocytes incorporated acetate into cholesterol and other sterols, ceramide, and PL (0.060, 0.016 and 0.012 nmoles/105 cells). Platelets incorporated acetate into ceramide and PL (0.02 and 0.06 nmoles/109 cells) but only trace amounts into sterols. There appears to be active biosynthesis of cholesterol in megakaryocytes but not in platelets.

Stereospecific analysis of menhaden oil triacylglycerols and resolution of complex polyunsaturated diacylglycerols by gas–liquid chromatography on polar capillary columns

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 336-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Myher ◽  
A. Kuksis ◽  
L.-Y. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Phospholipase C ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Molecular Species ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Menhaden Oil ◽  
Grignard Degradation ◽  
Layer Chromatography

The sn-1,2-, sn-2,3-, and X-1,3-diacylglycerols derived by Grignard degradation of purified menhaden oil triacylglycerols were isolated by conventional thin-layer chromatography with boric acid complexing. The sn-1,2(2,3)-diacylglycerols were resolved into sn-1,2- and sn-2,3-diacylglycerols by stepwise digestion with phospholipase C of the corresponding phosphatidylcholines and the positional distribution of the fatty acids were determined. Diacylglycerols were converted into trimethylsilyl ethers and resolved on the basis of molecular weight and degree of unsaturation by gas–liquid chromatography using a polar capillary column and isothermal or programmed temperatures. The order of chromatographic elution was established for more than 70 major and minor species by reference to primary and secondary diacylglycerol standards and by calculation of relative retention times. The identified molecular species ranged in carbon number from 28 to 44 and in double bond number from 0 to 12 being made up of C14–C22 fatty acids with 0 to 6 double bonds each and representing the n – 9, n – 6, n – 4, n – 3, and n – 1 series. The gas–liquid chromatographic determinations yielded proportions of all major species that were consistent with those calculated from the knowledge of the stereospecific distribution of the fatty acids in the original triacylglycerol molecules.Key words: Grignard degradation, rac-phosphatidylcholines, phospholipase C, enantiomeric diacylglycerols, thin-layer chromatography, molecular species of diacylglycerols, composition of fatty acids.

Diacylglycerol Biosynthesis in Everted Sacs of Rat Intestinal Mucosa

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 1170-1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. Breckenridge ◽  
A. Kuksis
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Phosphatidic Acid ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Acid Pathway ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Everted Sacs

The molecular specificity in the biosynthesis of diacylglycerols by rat intestinal mucosa was examined by means of radioactive markers, thin-layer chromatography with silver nitrate and gas-liquid chromatography with radioactivity monitoring. Bile salt micelles of alternately labeled monoacylglycerols and free fatty acids were incubated with everted sacs of intestinal mucosa for various periods of time and the diacylglycerols were isolated by solvent extraction and thin-layer chromatography. Stereospecific analyses of the X-1,2-diacylglycerols labeled from 2-monoacylgiycerols showed that the sn-1,2-isomers (45–55%) were slightly in excess of the sn-2,3-isomers (34–45%) with the X-1,3-diacylglycerols accounting for the rest of the radioactivity (5–10%). This suggests that racemic diacylglycerols may be intermediates in the resynthesis of dietary fat in rat intestinal mucosa. Detailed analyses of the molecular species of the sn-1,2-diacylglycerols labeled from free fatty acids revealed that 10–45% of the total did not contain the acid present in the 2-monoacylglycerol supplied, and therefore had originated from the phosphatidic acid pathway. These findings are at variance with those obtained in isolated microsomes, which have suggested an inhibition of the phosphatidic acid pathway by monoacylglycerols as well as have given evidence of an exclusive synthesis of sn-1,2-diacylglycerols from 2-monoacylglycerols.

Mode of action of choline. III. Metabolism of nonessential fatty acids in choline-deficient rats

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 619-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Chalvardjian
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Hepatic Lipids ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Serum Phospholipids ◽  
Early Alteration ◽  
Initial Change

To investigate the increase in ratio of C16 to C18 nonessential fatty acids in hepatic triglycerides of choline-deficient rats, two groups of rats fed, respectively, a choline-deficient and a choline-supplemented diet for 3–4 days were injected either with 1-14C-acetate intraperitoneally or with a mixture of 9,10-3H-palmitate and 18-14C-stearate intravenously. The choline-deficient and choline-supplemented rats were killed 3 h after labelled acetate injection. Further groups of choline-deficient and choline-supplemented rats were killed at intervals of 1 min to 6 h after injection with labelled palmitate and stearate. Extracts of lipids from livers and sera were analyzed by gas–liquid and thin-layer chromatography. In the choline-deficient rats injected with 1-14C-acetate the ratio of C16 to C18 labelled fatty acids incorporated into hepatic and serum triglycerides was increased and the ratio of those incorporated into hepatic and serum phospholipids was decreased. The ratio of monounsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids incorporated into the triglycerides and phospholipids of liver and serum of the choline-deficient rats was decreased compared to that of the choline-supplemented rats. Similar differences between the two groups of rats were evident in the hepatic lipids of animals injected with 3H-palmitate and 14C-stearate. The early alteration of the ratios of hepatic nonessential fatty acids suggests that the initial change is a decreased desaturation of fatty acids.

ANALYSIS OF CHLORORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN FODDER FOR BROILERCHICKENS BY THE METHOD OF GAS-LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH MASSSPECTROMETER DETECTOR

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-208
Author(s):  
A.A. Parshutina ◽  
◽  
A.A. Solovyova ◽  
L.P. Satyukova ◽  
E.G. Shubina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Layer Chromatography

The article shows the importance of the study of feed for broiler chickens on the content of organochlorine pesticides. These substances in significant concentrations can disrupt the development of birds and cause mass poisoning. The study of formula feed for broiler chickens «prestart» and «start» by two methodswas conducted: a certified method for the determination of organochlorine pesticides in feed and formula feed (thin layer chromatography) and a method for detecting pesticides not certified for feed (gas-liquid chromatography with mass spectrometer detector). During the experiment, the presence of organochlorine pesticides in several formulafeed samples was revealed.

Additional Cleanup of Samples on GLC Column for TLC Determination of Pesticide Residues

1967 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 615-623
Author(s):  
Kenneth T Hartman
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Abstract Gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) following conventional isolation procedures has been used to clean up pesticide residues for confirmation by thin layer chromatography (TLC). This procedure is more rapid and efficient than present cleanup procedures and permits the determination of pesticide residues that do not survive these rigorous acid or alkali treatments. The method also permits TLC confirmation of pesticide residues that have similar Rf values but different GLC retention times. Recoveries ranged from 85 to 105% for 25 of 28 pesticides tested

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