Plasmids and prophages in Baltic Sea bacterioplankton isolates

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 567-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Leitet ◽  
Lasse Riemann ◽  
Åke Hagström
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Broad Host Range ◽  
Strain Typing ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Cryptic Plasmids

Plasmids and phages influence bacterial phenotype and may serve as vectors for transferring genes between bacteria. In the present study, we examined 130 marine bacterioplankton isolates for the presence of plasmids and prophages. Samples were obtained in spring, summer and autumn in the Baltic Sea proper. Plasmids and inducible prophages were found in 19% and 28% of the isolates, respectively. During spring, plasmids and prophages were 41–55% and 30% more common compared to the summer and autumn measurements and prevalence varied up to five-fold between bacterial phylogenetic groups, with the highest plasmid prevalence found in Bacteriodetes (41%), and lysogeny being common in α-, β-, and γ-Proteobacteria (32–50%). Plasmid genome sizes ranged from 1.5–15 kb with most in the 2.1–4.0 kb size-range. No plasmids showed identity to the broad-host-range incompatibility groups N and P. Phage genomes ranged in size from 8–87 kb, with 57% being 35–45 kb in size. Strain typing of phages with similar genome sizes by means of DP-RAPD (degenerated primer randomly amplified polymorphic DNA) showed that all were different (except two that were not resolved). In PFGE (pulsed-field gel electrophoresis) 34% of the lysates produced multiple bands. Transmission electron microscopy suggested that these originated from several phage morphotypes indicating that polylysogeny is common. The widespread distribution of small cryptic plasmids as well as of lysogeny and polylysogeny in Baltic Sea bacterioplankton may have important implications for bacterial phenotype and for lateral gene transfer; hence, the ecological significance of these vectors in marine environments requires further study.

ACCUMULATION OF PLASTIC FRAGMENTS AND MICROPLASTICS ON THE BEACHES IN THE SOUTH-EAST BALTIC SEA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilia Khatmullina ◽  
Lilia Khatmullina ◽  
Elena Esiukova ◽  
Elena Esiukova
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
The South ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Quantitative Distribution ◽  
Sediment Sampling ◽  
Beach Sediments ◽  
Kaliningrad Region ◽  
The Baltic

The sediment sampling from different areas of the beaches in the south-eastern part of the Baltic Sea (in Kaliningrad region) was executed for the purpose of studying the quantitative and qualitative composition of the microplastics particles (range 0.5-5 mm). Preference is given to those beaches that are exposed to maximum anthropogenic pollution. From June, 2015 to January, 2016, there were 14 expeditions along the coastline of the Baltic Sea (in Kaliningrad region) to collect experimental materials. The majority of samples were collected on the most recent flotsam deposited at “wracklines”, in the supralittoral zone. The primary examination of those samples revealed the presence of abundant microplastic particles of the required size range (0.5-5 mm). Quantitative distribution of microplastics in beach sediments was obtained in milligrams per gram of sediment and milligrams per m2: on average 0.05-2.89 (mg per gram of sediment) and 370-7330 (mg per m2), accordingly.

scholarly journals Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratio in PM1 and size segregated aerosol particles over the Baltic Sea

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga Garbarienė ◽  
Vidmantas Remeikis ◽  
Agnë Mašalaitė ◽  
Andrius Garbaras ◽  
Tpmasz Petelski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Nitrogen Isotope ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
The Baltic

We analysed δ13C of total carbon (TC) and δ15N of total nitrogen (TN) in submicron (PM1) and size segregated aerosol particles (PM0.056–2.5) collected during a cruise in the Baltic Sea from 9 to 17 November 2012. PM1 were characterized by the highest δ13C (–26.4‰) and lowest δ15N (–0.2 and 0.8‰) values when air masses arrived from the southwest direction (Poland). The obtained δ13C values indicated that combined emissions of coal and diesel/gasoline combustion were the most likely sources of TC. The depleted δ15N values indicated that TN originated mainly from liquid fuel combustion (road traffic, shipping) during this period. The lowest δ13C and highest δ15N values were determined in PM1 samples during the western airflow when the air masses had no recent contact with land. The highest δ15N values were probably associated with chemical aging of nitrogenous species during long-range transport, the lowest δ13C values could be related to emissions from diesel/gasoline combustion, potentially from ship traffic. The δ13C analysis of size-segregated aerosol particles PM0.056–2.5 revealed that the lowest δ13C values were observed in the size range from 0.056 to 0.18 µm and gradual 13C enrichment occurred in the size range from 0.18 to 2.5 µm due to different sources or formation mechanisms of the aerosols.

ACCUMULATION OF PLASTIC FRAGMENTS AND MICROPLASTICS ON THE BEACHES IN THE SOUTH-EAST BALTIC SEA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilia Khatmullina ◽  
Lilia Khatmullina ◽  
Elena Esiukova ◽  
Elena Esiukova
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
The South ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Quantitative Distribution ◽  
Sediment Sampling ◽  
Beach Sediments ◽  
Kaliningrad Region ◽  
The Baltic

The sediment sampling from different areas of the beaches in the south-eastern part of the Baltic Sea (in Kaliningrad region) was executed for the purpose of studying the quantitative and qualitative composition of the microplastics particles (range 0.5-5 mm). Preference is given to those beaches that are exposed to maximum anthropogenic pollution. From June, 2015 to January, 2016, there were 14 expeditions along the coastline of the Baltic Sea (in Kaliningrad region) to collect experimental materials. The majority of samples were collected on the most recent flotsam deposited at “wracklines”, in the supralittoral zone. The primary examination of those samples revealed the presence of abundant microplastic particles of the required size range (0.5-5 mm). Quantitative distribution of microplastics in beach sediments was obtained in milligrams per gram of sediment and milligrams per m2: on average 0.05-2.89 (mg per gram of sediment) and 370-7330 (mg per m2), accordingly.

Temporal and spatial sedimentation rate variabilities in the eastern Gotland Basin, the Baltic Sea

Boreas ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Christiansen ◽  
Helmar Kunzendorf ◽  
Kay-Christian Emeis ◽  
Rudolf Endler ◽  
Ulrich Struck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Gotland Basin ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
The Baltic

Russian Oil: Production and Exports

2003 ◽  
pp. 136-146
Author(s):  
K. Liuhto
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Oil Transportation ◽  
Sea Ports ◽  
The Baltic

Statistical data on reserves, production and exports of Russian oil are provided in the article. The author pays special attention to the expansion of opportunities of sea oil transportation by construction of new oil terminals in the North-West of the country and first of all the largest terminal in Murmansk. In his opinion, one of the main problems in this sphere is prevention of ecological accidents in the process of oil transportation through the Baltic sea ports.

Paleoecological study of bottom sediments of the lake Goluboye (Karelian Isthmus) according to the results of diatom analysis

2019 ◽  
pp. 265-269
Author(s):  
Angelina E. Shatalova ◽  
Uriy A. Kublitsky ◽  
Dmitry A. Subetto ◽  
Anna V. Ludikova ◽  
Alar Rosentau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Karelian Isthmus ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Diatom Analysis ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Important Direction ◽  
The Baltic

The study of paleogeography of lakes is an actual and important direction in modern science. As part of the study of lakes in the North-West of the Karelian Isthmus, this analysis will establish the dynamics of salinity of objects, which will allow to reconstruct changes in the level of the Baltic Sea in the Holocene.

Holocene diatom biostratigraphy of the SW Gulf of Gdańsk, Southern Baltic Sea (part III)

2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Leśniewska ◽  
Małgorzata Witak
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
Gulf Of Gdańsk ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Southern Baltic Sea ◽  
Gulf Of Gdansk ◽  
Southern Baltic ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Palaeoenvironmental Changes

Holocene diatom biostratigraphy of the SW Gulf of Gdańsk, Southern Baltic Sea (part III)The palaeoenvironmental changes of the south-western part of the Gulf of Gdańsk during the last 8,000 years, with reference to the stages of the Baltic Sea, were reconstructed. Diatom analyses of two cores taken from the shallower and deeper parts of the basin enabled the conclusion to be drawn that the microflora studied developed in the three Baltic phases: Mastogloia, Littorina and Post-Littorina. Moreover, the so-called anthropogenic assemblage was observed in subbottom sediments of the study area.

Associations of Sphagnum rubellum Wils. on the bogs of the south-east part of Baltic region

2003 ◽  
pp. 50-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Smagin ◽  
M. G. Napreenko
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Karelian Isthmus ◽  
Baltic Region ◽  
The South ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Kaliningrad Region ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Typical Habitat ◽  
New Syntaxa

The paper characterizes the 3 associations comprising plant communities with Sphagnum rubellum in the south-eastern part of the Baltic region. The new syntaxa differ from each other both in their floristic characters and the pronounced affinity to definite regional mire types and particular habitats. The ass. Drosero-Sphagnetum rubelli is typical of the relatively most thorough ranges. It is observed from the Kaliningrad region to the Karelian Isthmus and, according to the published reference, occurs even throughout the whole area around the Baltic Sea. Its most typical habitat is that of margins of mire lakes and pools. The ass. Eriophoro-Sphagnetum rubelli occurs in central plateaus of convex plateau-like bogs, typical of the areas adjacent to the Baltic Sea coast. It occupies extended flat mire ecotopes with the water level 0.2–0.25 m deep. The ass. Empetro-Sphagnetum rubelli is characteristic of the retrogressive complex in the convex bogs of the East-Baltic Province. It is mostly observed along the coast of the Gulf of Finland. Its stands are rather dynamic and unstable in both space and time. The presence of communities comprised by these 3 associations is an important vegetation character of the series of regional mire types. Assuming an association level of the respective syntaxa seems rational for the purposes of adequate reflection of plant cover diversity.

MODERN TECHNOLOGY IN DUNE COMPLEXES MONITORING ON THE VISTULA SPIT

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Danchenkov ◽  
Aleksandr Danchenkov
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Coastal Processes ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Modern Technologies

Modern technologies, which provide fast and accurate acquisition of high-resolution spatial data, have found widespread application in the monitoring of coastal processes. This paper reports the results of four years’ monitoring of a huge deflation/blowout/wind-scour basin dynamics at the Vistula Spit (southeast coast of the Baltic Sea). Information about the volume and size dynamics together with deflation/accumulation schemes and 3D elevation maps is presented. Basing on the obtained results, forecast of the deflation basin dynamics for 2016 was proposed. This paper implements the Terrestrial Laserscanning (TLS) method to the coastal processes investigation and demonstrates its high potential in this field.

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