scholarly journals New Global Center for Species Survival launches programme of work

Oryx ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 816-817
Author(s):  
Mimi Kessler ◽  
Monika Böhm ◽  
Kelly Griese ◽  
Riley A. Pollom ◽  
Cátia Canteiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Survival ◽  
Global Center

DNA methyltransferase inhibitors modulate histone methylation: epigenetic crosstalk between H3K4me3 and DNA methylation during sperm differentiation

Zygote ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Liliana Burlibaşa ◽  
Alina-Teodora Nicu ◽  
Carmen Domnariu
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Histone Methylation ◽  
Dna Methyltransferase ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Temporal Expression ◽  
Dna Methyltransferase Inhibitors ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Species Survival ◽  
Advanced Stages

Summary The process of cytodifferentiation in spermatogenesis is governed by a unique genetic and molecular programme. In this context, accurate ‘tuning’ of the regulatory mechanisms involved in germ cells differentiation is required, as any error could have dramatic consequences on species survival and maintenance. To study the processes that govern the spatial–temporal expression of genes, as well as analyse transmission of epigenetic information to descendants, an integrated approach of genetics, biochemistry and cytology data is necessary. As information in the literature on interplay between DNA methylation and histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) in the advanced stages of murine spermatogenesis is still scarce, we investigated the effect of a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine, at the cytological level using immunocytochemistry methodology. Our results revealed a particular distribution of H3K4me3 during sperm cell differentiation and highlighted an important role for regulation of DNA methylation in controlling histone methylation and chromatin remodelling during spermatogenesis.

scholarly journals Center for Species Survival Brazil

Oryx ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-496
Author(s):  
Fabiana Lopes Rocha ◽  
Eugenia Cordero-Schmidt ◽  
Rosana Subirá ◽  
Carmel Croukamp ◽  
Leandro Jerusalinsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Survival

Survival to hatching of fishes in sulfate-saline waters, Devils Lake, North Dakota

1995 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 464-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd M. Koel ◽  
John J. Peterka
Keyword(s):  
North Dakota ◽  
Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Hatching Success ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
White Sucker ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Devils Lake ◽  
Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Species Survival

Laboratory-based bioassays were conducted to determine concentrations of sodium-sulfate type salinities that limit the hatching success of several fish species. Survival to hatching (SH) was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in sodium-sulfate type waters from Devils Lake, North Dakota, of ≥ 2400 mg/L total dissolved solids (TDS) than in fresh water of 200 mg/L. In waters of 200, 1150, 2400, 4250, and 6350 mg/L TDS, walleye (Stizostedion vitreum) SH was 41, 38, 7, 1, and 0%; northern pike (Esox lucius) SH was 92, 68, 33, 2, and 0%; yellow perch (Perca flavescens) SH was 88, 70, 73, 0, and 0%; white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) SH was 87, 95, 66, 0, and 0%; common carp (Cyprinus carpio) SH was 71, 69, 49, 63, and 25%.

scholarly journals The IUCN-SSC Cave Invertebrate Specialist Group

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Deharveng ◽  
Tony Whitten ◽  
Judson Wynne ◽  
Ana Komericki ◽  
Sonia Khela
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Business Sector ◽  
Conservation Priority ◽  
The Past ◽  
Species Survival ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Specialist Group

The Cave Invertebrate Specialist Group, an IUCN Species Survival Commission, is a group of 80 taxonomists, biospeleologists, ecologists, and conservation biologists. Since 2014, our objectives have been to: (1) conserve subterranean habitats, and address one of the largest lacunas in conservation biology – the protection of sensitive cave and subterranean invertebrate populations; (2) conduct IUCN Red List evaluations for imperiled and/or narrow range endemic species; (3) encourage comprehensive baseline biodiversity surveys, in particular to determine the proportion of unknown biodiversity yet to be discovered; and, (4) provide collaborative opportunities with the business sector for conducting Environmental and Social Impact Assessments, Biodiversity Action Plans, and site and species management plans. We will our accomplishments over the past four years including growth of membership, the number of Red List evaluations conducted and the total number of species recognized as a conservation priority.

scholarly journals Mutation load dynamics during environmentally-driven range shifts

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly J. Gilbert ◽  
Stephan Peischl ◽  
Laurent Excoffier
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Geographic Distance ◽  
Species Range ◽  
Range Shifts ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Generalist Species ◽  
Deleterious Alleles ◽  
Species Survival ◽  
Specialist Species ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe fitness of spatially expanding species has been shown to decrease over time and space, but specialist species tracking their changing environment and shifting their range accordingly have been little studied. We use individual-based simulations and analytical modeling to compare the impact of range expansions and range shifts on genetic diversity and fitness loss, as well as the ability to recover fitness after either a shift or expansion. We find that the speed of a shift has a strong impact on fitness evolution. Fastest shifts show the strongest fitness loss per generation, but intermediate shift speeds lead to the strongest fitness loss per geographic distance. Range shifting species lose fitness more slowly through time than expanding species, however, their fitness compared at equivalent geographic distances spread can be considerably lower. These counter-intuitive results arise from the combination of time over which selection acts and mutations enter the system. Range shifts also exhibit reduced fitness recovery after a geographic shift and may result in extinction, whereas range expansions can persist from the core of the species range. The complexity of range expansions and range shifts highlights the potential for severe consequences of environmental change on species survival.Author SummaryAs environments change through time across the globe, species must adapt or relocate to survive. Specialized species must track the specific moving environments to which they are adapted, as compared to generalists which can spread widely. During colonization of new habitat, individuals can accumulate deleterious alleles through repeated bottlenecks. We show through simulation and analytic modeling that the process by which these alleles accumulate changes depending upon the speed at which populations spread over a landscape. This is due to the increased efficacy of selection against deleterious variants at slow speeds of range shifts and decreased input of mutations at faster speeds of range shifts. Under some selective circumstances, shifting of a species range leads to extinction of the entire population. This suggests that the rate of environmental change across the globe will play a large role in the survival of specialist species as compared to more generalist species.

scholarly journals Osmoregulation in Salmon and Sea Trout Alevins

1982 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
C. TALBOT ◽  
F. B. EDDY ◽  
J. JOHNSTON
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Electrolyte Concentration ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Vitelline Membrane ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Progressive Change ◽  
Sea Trout ◽  
Species Survival

Changes in survival, body-water content, body electrolyte concentration and Na+ turnover rates were studied in alevins of Atlantic salmon (Salmosalar L.) and sea trout (Salmo trutta L.) at different developmental stages following exposure to various dilutions of sea water. In 100% sea water, salmon alevins at 9 days post-hatch survived approximately 6 h, and seatrout alevins 13 days post-hatch survived approximately 4 h. In both species, survival in hyperosmotic media decreased and rates of dehydration and Na+ turnover increased with age and development. The progressive change inresistance to osmotic stress is associated with a decrease in body surface area occupied by the relatively impermeable vitelline membrane and to the development of functional gills, leading to an increase in permeability to water and salt.

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