In vitro isolation of Plasmodium knowlesi merozoites using polycarbonate sieves

Parasitology ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. Dennis ◽  
G. H. Mitchell ◽  
G. A. Butcher ◽  
S. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Cell Population ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Plasmodium Knowlesi ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Culture Chamber ◽  
Mixed Cell ◽  
Mixed Cell Population ◽  
Antigenic Properties

A culture chamber fitted with a polycarbonate sieve has been used to isolate Plasmodium knowlesi merozoites as they are released from schizonts. A 3 μm pore-size sieve allows passage of normal erythrocytes and red cells containing rings and trophozoites and can be used to concentrate schizonts from a mixed cell population. A 2 μm pore-size sieve retains normal and parasitized cells and provides uncontaminated merozoites in high yield (5 × 1010 merozoites per ml schizonts). Merozoite viability diminishes rapidly during 30 min after isolation. These preparations should prove valuable for studies of the biochemical, physiological and antigenic properties of this transient extracellular phase of the malaria parasite.

scholarly journals Characterization of nonspecific esterase activity in macrophages and intestinal epithelium of the rat.

1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
A W Stadnyk ◽  
A D Befus ◽  
J Gauldie
Keyword(s):  
Cell Population ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Nonspecific Esterase ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Mixed Cell ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Prominent Component ◽  
Mixed Cell Population ◽  
Morphological Criteria ◽  
Different Populations

We determined the histochemical characteristics of nonspecific esterase in different populations of rat macrophages. The cells included alveolar and peritoneal macrophages recovered by lavage and a mixed cell population obtained by collagenase digestion of the small intestine. The histochemically localized enzyme activity of alveolar and peritoneal macrophages was cytoplasmic, diffuse, and inhibited by sodium fluoride. Both populations were effectively stained using alpha-naphthyl acetate and alpha-naphthyl butyrate as the esterase substrate. When the intestinal cells were examined for activity, a greater percentage of cells showed positive nonspecific esterase than would be predicted by differential counts for macrophages on the basis of morphological criteria. We confirmed, using cell smears and tissue sections, that rat intestinal epithelial cells, a prominent component of the isolated cell population, possessed esterases that react similarly to macrophage esterases with histochemical procedures.

scholarly journals CD44 Sorted Cells Have an Augmented Potential for Proliferation, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, Stemness, and a Predominantly Inflammatory Cytokine and Angiogenic Secretome

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 423-433
Author(s):  
Shankargouda Patil
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Population ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Enzymatic Digestion ◽  
Angiogenic Factors ◽  
Proliferation Rate ◽  
Mixed Cell ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have garnered attention with their potential for early diagnosis and prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). It is still indistinct whether CSCs are recognized with a specific set of characteristics. The present study aimed to assess the association of CD44 with stemness-related, Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition EMT-related genes and the secretome of the CSCs. The single-cell suspension from primary OSCC tumors was prepared by enzymatic digestion and the cells were cultured in-vitro. The cancer stem cells were isolated by CD44+ selection using magnetic cell-sorting. The expression of CD44, proliferation rate, gene expression of EMT-related transcription factors, stemness markers, cytokine levels and angiogenic factors in both cell population was assessed. The sorted CD44+ cells showed significantly higher proliferation rate than heterogenous population. The CD44 expression was >90% in the sorted cells which was higher than the heterogenous cells. The CD44+ CSCs cells demonstrated significant increased levels of EMT-related genes TWIST1 and CDH2 (N-cadherin), CSC-related genes CD44 and CD133 (PROM1), stemness-related genes OCT4, SOX2, inflammatory cytokines IL-1ß, IL-12, IL-18 and TNF-α and angiogenic factors Angiopoietin-1, Angiopoietin-2, bFGF and VEGF while levels of epithelial gene CDH1 (E-cadherin) decreased in comparison to mixed cell population. The genetic and secretome profiling of the CD44+ CSCs could serve as diagnostic and prognostic tools in the treatment of oral cancers.

scholarly journals Significance of the inital cytomorphological and immunocytochemical findings and the correlation with the international prognostic index for the survival in patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Biljana Mihaljevic ◽  
Ruzica Nedeljkov-Jancic ◽  
Vesna Cemerikic-Martinovic
Keyword(s):  
Cell Population ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration ◽  
International Prognostic Index ◽  
Prognostic Index ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Small Cells ◽  
Mixed Cell ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Mixed Cell Population

Background/Aim. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy is a quick, economical, and safe initial method in managing a patient with suspected lymphoma. According to a few reports on this preoblem, the aim of this study was to compare histological findings to cytomorphological ones in needle aspirates. We also compared these findings to the overal survival (OS) time. Methods. We analyzed the fine-needle aspiration biopsies of peripheral lymph nodes, and the International Prognostic Index (IPI) in 81 patients with non-Hodgkin?s lymphoma (NHL). We put these findings into correlation with OS time. Results. According to the International Working Formulation (IWF) criteria, the dominant cell population was as follows: 18 patients had the small cell population, 21 patients had small cleaved cells, 18 patients had the mixed cell population, 21 patients had large cell population, 2 patients had Burkitt lymphoma type, and 1 patient had the dominant lymphoblasts. On presentation, 32 patients had a low IPI index, 32 patients had a low intermediate, and 17 patients had a high intermediate IPI. We confirmed the statistical significance (Kaplan-Mayer) of cytomorphology (p = 0.013) and IPI index (p = 0.016) for survival time. During a 48-month follow-up, OS was 37.2 months for the patients with the dominant small cells, and 32 months for the patients with small cleaved cells (PH equivalent to indolent NHL). For the patients with the dominant mixed cell population, large cell population and Burkitt limphoma cell, OS were 17, 14.4, and 9.3 months, respectively (PH equivalent to aggressive NHL). Patients with low IPI had the highest OS, 36 months for the low intermediate and only 11.6 months for the high intermediate IPI index. Conclusion. We concluded that an initial cytological and clinical profile of patients with NHL, might give a quick and relevant information for planning an adequate therapy.

The effect of incubationin vitroon the susceptibility of monkey erythrocytes to invasion byPlasmodium knowlesi

Parasitology ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. I. Trigg ◽  
P. G. Shakespeare
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Monkey ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Plasmodium Knowlesi ◽  
Osmotic Fragility ◽  
Pentose Phosphate ◽  
Atp Content ◽  
Normal Monkey ◽  
Membrane Changes

Rhesus monkey erythrocytes when incubatedin vitrounder similar conditions to those used for the cultivation ofPlasmodium knowlesi-infected erythrocytesin vitro, exhibit an increase both in their osmotic fragility and in the activity of their acetylthiocholinesterase. No effect was observed on the catabolism of glucose through the glycolytic pathway or through the primary dehydrogenases of the pentose phosphate pathway. The ATP content of normal monkey erythrocytes was also unchanged during incubationin vitro. These observations indicate that incubation of erythrocytesin vitroprimarily causes membrane changes. Infection of normal erythrocytes byP. knowlesiwas reduced markedly by preincubation in vitro at 37 °C for 24 and 48 h. These results suggest that the maintenance of integrity of the surface of the eythrocytein vitrois a necessary prerequisite for an efficient culture system for the malaria parasite.

IN VITRO GROWTH AND MULTIPLICATION OF THE MALARIA PARASITE, PLASMODIUM KNOWLESI

Science ◽  
1945 ◽  
Vol 101 (2630) ◽  
pp. 542-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. BALL ◽  
C. B. ANFINSEN ◽  
Q. M. GEIMAN ◽  
R. W. MCKEE ◽  
R. A. ORMSBEE
Keyword(s):  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Plasmodium Knowlesi ◽  
In Vitro Growth ◽  
Parasite Plasmodium

Primary Dural Melanoma

Neurosurgery ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 710-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj K. Naravan ◽  
Michael J. Rosner ◽  
John T. Povlishock ◽  
Alexander Girevendulis ◽  
Donald P. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Population ◽  
Cerebellopontine Angle ◽  
Tumor Recurrence ◽  
Concerted Effort ◽  
Mixed Cell ◽  
Mixed Cell Population ◽  
Homogenous Cell Population ◽  
Ultrastructural Findings ◽  
Electron Lucent

Abstract This study reviews the literature pertaining to primary meningeal melanoma and reports the clinical and ultrastructural findings in a case where the tumor appeared to be of pachymeningeal (dural) origin. This is clearly a departure from all previously described cases, in which a leptomeningeal (pial-arachnoidal) origin was either defined or assumed. Clinically. this case was remarkable in its rarity. its presentation as a cerebellopontine angle syndrome, and its occurrence in a Negro. a race in which melanomas are uncommon. Ultrastructurally. the tumor did demonstrate the presence of basement membrane abnormalities and numerous endothelial fenestrations. However, it was found to be made up of a homogenous cell population, consisting only of electron-lucent, melanin-laden cells. The mixed cell population noted previously in a primary leptomeningeal melanoma was not found in this tumor. In view of the fact that this patient continues to do well 1/12; years after operation, with no evidence of tumor recurrence, it is suggested that a homogenous cell population noted on electron microscopy could indicate a better prognosis. In addition, it may also indicate a pachymeningeal rather than a leptomeningeal origin for the tumor. A plea is made for greater specificity in terminology when describing primary meningeal melanomas and for a concerted effort to distinguish between those of dural and those of leptomeningeal origin.

scholarly journals Adaptation of the [3H]Hypoxanthine Uptake Assay forIn Vitro-Cultured Plasmodium knowlesi Malaria Parasites

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 4361-4363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan S. J. Arnold ◽  
Jessica A. Engel ◽  
Ming Jang Chua ◽  
Gillian M. Fisher ◽  
Tina S. Skinner-Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Plasmodium Knowlesi ◽  
Malaria Parasites ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Zoonotic Malaria ◽  
Uptake Assay

ABSTRACTThe zoonotic malaria parasitePlasmodium knowlesihas recently been established in continuousin vitroculture. Here, thePlasmodium falciparum[3H]hypoxanthine uptake assay was adapted forP. knowlesiand used to determine the sensitivity of this parasite to chloroquine, cycloguanil, and clindamycin. The data demonstrate thatP. knowlesiis sensitive to all drugs, with 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) consistent with those obtained withP. falciparum. This assay provides a platform to useP. knowlesi in vitrofor drug discovery.

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