Plasmodium falciparum: regional differences in lectin and cationized ferritin binding to the surface of the malaria-infected human erythrocyte

Parasitology ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. W. Sherman ◽  
Jane R. T. Greenan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Uniform Distribution ◽  
Lectin Binding ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Cationized Ferritin ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Erythrocyte Surface ◽  
Infected Cells

SUMMARYThe distribution of anionic residues on the surface of erythrocytes infected withPlasmodium falciparumwas studied using cationized ferritin (CF) and transmission electron microscopy. CF staining of uninfected erythrocytes or erythrocytes infected with a knobless variant resulted in a dense and uniform distribution of ferritin particles; however, when red cells infected with a knob-inducing variant were exposed to CF, aggregates of ferritin particles were observed in the region of membrane elevation. Lectin binding to the erythrocyte surface was visualized by transmission electron microscopy using ferritin-conjugated lectins and lectin-fetuin-gold. No differences were observed in the lectin-binding patterns of malaria-infected or uninfected erythrocytes using WGA (wheat-germ agglutinin), RCA (ricin), andLimax flavuslectin. In distinct contrast to the uniform distribution of ferritin particles seen with these lectins was the appearance of clusters of ferritin-ConA over the knobby regions. Localized aggregates of ConA were not seen in knob-free areas or on the surface of red cells infected with a knobless variant. No significant differences were found in the agglutination reactions of normal and infected cells with theCancer antennariuslectin specific forO-acylated sialic acids.

Specificity of Lectins Labeled with Colloidal Gold to the Exopolymeric Matrix Carbohydrates of the Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria Biofilm Formed on Steel

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
D.R. Abdulina ◽  
◽  
L.M. Purish ◽  
G.O. Iutynska ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Steel Surface ◽  
Lectin Binding ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Gold Particles ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

The studies of the carbohydrate composition of the sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) biofilms formed on the steel surface, which are a factor of microbial corrosion, are significant. Since exopolymers synthesized by bacteria could activate corrosive processes. The aim of the study was to investigate the specificity of commercial lectins, labeled with colloidal gold to carbohydrates in the biofilm exopolymeric matrix produced by the corrosive-relevant SRB strains from man-caused ecotopes. Methods. Microbiological methods (obtaining of the SRB biofilms during cultivation in liquid Postgate B media under microaerophilic conditions), biochemical methods (lectin-binding analysis of 10 commercial lectins, labeled with colloidal gold), transmission electron microscopy using JEM-1400 JEOL. Results. It was shown using transmission electron microscopy that the binding of lectins with carbohydrates in the biofilm of the studied SRB strains occurred directly in the exopolymerіс matrix, as well as on the surfaces of bacterial cells, as seen by the presence of colloidal gold particles. For detection of the neutral carbohydrates (D-glucose and D-mannose) in the biofilm of almost all studied bacterial strains PSA lectin was the most specific. This lectin binding in biofilms of Desulfotomaculum sp. К1/3 and Desulfovibrio sp. 10 strains was higher in 90.8% and 94.4%, respectively, then for ConA lectin. The presence of fucose in the SRB biofilms was detected using LABA lectin, that showed specificity to the biofilm EPS of all the studied strains. LBA lectin was the most specific to N-аcetyl-D-galactosamine for determination of amino sugars in the biofilm. The amount of this lectin binding in D. vulgaris DSM644 biofilm was 30.3, 10.1 and 9.3 times higher than SBA, SNA and PNA lectins, respectively. STA, LVA and WGA lectins were used to detect the N-acetyl-Dglucosamine and sialic acid in the biofilm. WGA lectin showed specificity to N-acetyl-D-glucosamine in the biofilm of all the studied SRB; maximum number of bounded colloidal gold particles (175 particles/μm2) was found in the Desulfotomaculum sp. TC3 biofilm. STA lectin was interacted most actively with N-acetyl-D-glucosamine in Desulfotomaculum sp. TC3 and Desulfomicrobium sp. TC4 biofilms. The number of bounded colloidal gold particles was in 9.2 and 7.4 times higher, respectively, than using LVA lectin. The lowest binding of colloidal gold particles was observed for LVA lectin. Conclusions. It was identified the individual specificity of the 10 commercial lectins to the carbohydrates of biofilm matrix on the steel surface, produced by SRB. It was estimated that lectins with identical carbohydrates specificity had variation in binding to the biofilm carbohydrates of different SRB strains. Establishing of the lectin range selected for each culture lead to the reduction of the scope of studies and labor time in the researching of the peculiarities of exopolymeric matrix composition of biofilms formed by corrosiverelevant SRB.

scholarly journals Effects of miltefosine treatment in fibroblast cell cultures and in mice experimentally infected withNeospora caninumtachyzoites

Parasitology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 139 (7) ◽  
pp. 934-944 ◽  
Author(s):  
KARIM DEBACHE ◽  
ANDREW HEMPHILL
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Human Foreskin Fibroblasts ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Infected Cells

SUMMARYMiltefosine was investigated for its activity againstNeospora caninumtachyzoitesin vitro,and was shown to inhibit the proliferation ofN. caninumtachyzoites cultured in human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF) with an IC50of 5·2μM. Treatment of infected cells with 25μM miltefosine for a period of 10 h had only a parasitostatic effect, while after 20 h of treatment parasiticidal effects were observed. This was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy ofN. caninum-infected and miltefosine-treated HFF. Administration of miltefosine toN. caninum-infected Balb/c female mice at 40 mg/kg/day for 14 days resulted in 6 out of 10 mice exhibiting weight loss, ruffled coat and apathy between days 7 and 13 post-infection. In the group that received placebo, only 2 out of 8 mice succumbed to infection, but the cerebral burden was significantly higher compared to the miltefosine treatment group. In a second experiment, the time-span of treatment was reduced to 5 days, and mice were maintained without further treatment for 4 weeks. Only 2 out of 9 mice in the miltefosine treatment group exhibited signs of disease, while 8 out of 10 mice succumbed to infection in the placebo group. These results showed that miltefosine hampered the dissemination of parasites into the CNS during experimentalN. caninuminfection in mice.

Property of TiNi Shape Memory Foils Produced by Ultrafine Laminates Method

2004 ◽  
Vol 449-452 ◽  
pp. 1321-1324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichi Tsuchiya ◽  
Dacian Tomus ◽  
Minoru Umemoto ◽  
Masahiro Sasaki ◽  
Toshiki Ohmori
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Uniform Distribution ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
Transformation Behavior ◽  
Thin Foils ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
B2 Phase

Using the ultrafine laminate method, thin foils (50 µm) of Ni-rich TiNi shape memory alloys were produced. Overall composition of the Ti/Ni laminate is Ti-50.7%Ni. TiNi (B2) phase was obtained after different diffusion treatments at 1073 K for 36 ks. Aging treatment at 773 K for 3.6, 18, 36, 72 and 144 ks were also performed. Phase transformation behavior of aged foils changed from two-step, to three-step and then to two-step transformation, which is similar to the case of bulk TiNi alloys. Uniform distribution of Ti3Ni4 phase was observed for aged samples by transmission electron microscopy. Two-way shape memory effect of the aged TiNi foil was also demonstrated.

scholarly journals Microstructural Analysis of Dehydrogenation Products of the Ca(BH4)2–MgH2 Composite

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (S5) ◽  
pp. 149-151
Author(s):  
Jong-Min Kim ◽  
Yoonyoung Kim ◽  
Jae-Hyeok Shim ◽  
Young-Su Lee ◽  
Jin-Yoo Suh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Uniform Distribution ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Transmission Electron

AbstractThe microstructural analysis of the dehydrogenation products of the Ca(BH4)2–MgH2 composite was performed using transmission electron microscopy. It was found that nanocrystalline CaB6 crystallites formed as a dehydrogenation product throughout the areas where the signals of Ca and Mg were simultaneously detected, in addition to relatively coarse Mg crystallites. The uniform distribution of the nanocrystalline CaB6 crystallites appears to play a key role in the rehydrogenation of the dehydrogenation products, which implies that microstructure is a crucial factor determining the reversibility of reactive hydride composites.

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTIMALARIAL POTENCY OF ELEUTHERINE BULBOSA AND ITS EFFECT ON THE MORPHOLOGY OF PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM

2019 ◽  
pp. 172-176
Author(s):  
LUH SESOTYANING N ◽  
MELVA LOUISA ◽  
HENDRI ASTUTY ◽  
DIN SYAFRUDDIN ◽  
PUJI BUDI SETIA ASIH
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Inhibition Concentration ◽  
Mitochondrial Target ◽  
Ic50 Value

Objective: This study aimed to determine the potential inhibitory effects of Eleutherine bulbosa on the growth of Plasmodium falciparum and its toxiceffects on lymphocyte cells.Methods: We performed a 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) test of E. bulbosa against P. falciparum, used transmission electron microscopy (TEM)to observe Plasmodium morphology after exposure to E. bulbosa, and determined E. bulbosa’s cytotoxic concentration 50% (CC50) against lymphocytes.Results: The IC50 value of E. bulbosa was 0.62 μg/ml. We observed crystals in the mitochondria of parasites under TEM. CC50 values at 24 h and 72 hwere 851.14 μg/ml and 707.94 μg/ml, respectively.Conclusion: The main content of E. bulbosa is naphthoquinones that are suspected of having a mitochondrial target on the malaria parasite. E. bulbosais not toxic to lymphocytes; therefore, it has a potential as an antimalarial therapeutic.

The life cycle of Lagena radicicola, an oomycetous parasite of wheat roots

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 813-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. S. Barr ◽  
N. L. Désaulniers
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Wheat Roots ◽  
Virus Like Particles ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Resting Spores ◽  
Single Host ◽  
Infected Cells

Lagena radicicola Vanterpool & Ledingham is an obligate parasite inside root hairs and epidermal cells. It was cultured in a unifungal state on wheat in pots. The life cycle was examined by both light and transmission electron microscopy. The thallus developed inside a single host cell and formed either a single sporangium or one to four resting spores. Zoospore cleavage was completed in vesicles outside the root. The resting spores were similar to oospores in their development and cytology, but there was no evidence of cell fusion and sexuality. Virus-like particles were seen in 3- to 12-month-old cultures, and infected cells became degenerate. Key words: Oomycetes, ultrastructure, virus-like particles, biocontrol.

scholarly journals Analysis of Mason-Pfizer Monkey Virus Gag Particles by Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (19) ◽  
pp. 9543-9548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott D. Parker ◽  
Joseph S. Wall ◽  
Eric Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Particle Mass ◽  
Average Mass ◽  
Scanning Transmission Electron ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
The Masses

ABSTRACT Mason-Pfizer monkey virus immature capsids selected from the cytoplasm of baculovirus-infected cells were imaged by scanning transmission electron microscopy. The masses of individual selected Gag particles were measured, and the average mass corresponded to 1,900 to 2,100 Gag polyproteins per particle. A large variation in Gag particle mass was observed within each population measured.

scholarly journals Effect of One Year of Cryopreservation on the Activity of Lysosomal Hydrolases from EBV-Transformed Lymphocytes

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
A. S. de Mello ◽  
F. B. Mendes ◽  
K. Michelin-Tireli ◽  
M. V. Camelier ◽  
J. C. Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Transformation ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Lysosomal Storage ◽  
Lysosomal Hydrolases ◽  
Cell Bank ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
One Year

Background. The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was used as an agent of B lymphocyte proliferation for subsequent diagnosis of lysosomal storage disease. Due to the constant handling of long-preserved samples in our cell bank, we decided to observe the behavior and then compare cultured and frozen samples for at least one year's cryopreservation.Methods. Twenty-five samples from healthy individuals were used to assess the possible changes in activity of enzymesβ-galactosidase,β-glucosidase,α-iduronidase,α-galactosidase, andα-glucosidase. Transmission electron microscopy was used to confirm cell transformation of B lymphocytes into EBV-infected cells, generating lymphoblastoid cell lines.Results. Transmission electron microscopy findings confirmed previous reports in the literature that is, significant and evident morphological changes in the nucleus occur after day 12 and the consequent cell transformation into EBV-infected cells. After thawing and subsequent treatment with the five enzymes utilized, we observed no significant changes in samples cryopreserved for more than one year, as compared to samples cultured for 12 days.

Studies of anionic sites on the cell surface of the amoeba Naegleria gruberi using cationized ferritin

1977 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-149
Author(s):  
C.A. King ◽  
T.M. Preston
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Cationized Ferritin ◽  
Fluorescent Staining ◽  
Anionic Sites ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Anionic Groups ◽  
Naegleria Gruberi

Interaction of cationized ferritin with the anionic groups on the cell surface of Naegleria was studied using transmission electron microscopy in conjunction with fluorescence microscopy. Most of the experiments involved the use of fluorescein-labelled cationized ferritin (FITC-CF) incubated with living amoebae. Initially the FITC-CF was located over the posterior two-thirds of the amoebae but the label was rapidly redistributed to form a cap at the posterior end in the region of the uroid; frequently this cap was shed. Pinosomes containing FITC-CF were clearly visible within the amoebae. Amoebae prefixed in glutaraldehyde were uniformly stained and did not show redistribution of the label. Exposure of live amoebae, previously incubated with cationized ferritin and allowed to cap, to fresh FITC-CF failed to produce fluorescent staining of the general cell surface, i.e. depletion of binding sites had occurred. The binding of the FITC-CF was not affected by pretreatment of the amoebae with neuraminidase or pronase. The possible nature of the anionic sites on the membrane is discussed.

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