Personality traits and platelet monoamine oxidase in tobacco smokers

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Von Knorring ◽  
Lars Oreland
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Smoking Habits ◽  
Strong Tendency ◽  
Platelet Mao ◽  
Platelet Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Old Men ◽  
Intellectual Level

SynopsisA study was made of the smoking habits of an unselected series of 1129 18-year-old men from the general population. Their smoking habits were related to personality traits, intellectual level and platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO). Regular smokers were found to be extraverts, sensation seekers who were easily bored and with a strong tendency to avoid monotony. They also had a lower than average intellectual level, and were more prone to the abuse of alcohol, glue, cannabis, amphetamine and morphine. Furthermore, they had a low platelet MAO.The results are discussed in relation to the pharmacological reasons for smoking and favour the hypothesis that tobacco smoking is related to arousal-seeking behaviour. Ex-smokers had personality traits, intellectual levels and platelet MAO of the same magnitude as non-smokers: this may be the reason why they were able to give up smoking.

Platelet monoamine oxidase activity and life stress as predictors of psychopathology and coping in a community sample

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Boyd Irving ◽  
Robert D. Coursey ◽  
Monte S. Buchsbaum ◽  
Dennis L. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Platelet Mao ◽  
Mao Activity ◽  
Platelet Mao Activity ◽  
Platelet Monoamine Oxidase

SynopsisThe present study, using a diathesis-stress model, attempted to confirm prior findings with platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity and stress in a middle-aged, non-clinic population. One hundred and seventy-eight adult males from a statewide community club were tested for platelet MAO activity and stressful life events and were also given a variety of psychological measures of both psychopathology and psychosocial coping. The data were examined both for correlations across the total sample and for a comparison of high-risk groups (top and bottom 15% of MAO activity) with a middle MAO group. Low platelet MAO activity was related to a higher incidence of contact with mental health professionals, and more frequent use of alcohol and cigarette smoking. High MAO activity was related to higher levels of anxiety and somatization. High levels of stress were related to increased psychosocial problems reported for female and family members, higher scores on two schizophrenia-related MMPI scales (schizophrenia and paranoia subscales), but fewer idiosyncratic associations, elevated hypomanic, depression, and anxiety scores, increased alcohol use, and increased use of prescribed antianxiety and sedative medication. Neither MAO nor stress were related to current levels of psychosocial coping. Moreover, no interaction effects were uncovered for MAO activity and stress combined.

scholarly journals Platelet Monoamine Oxidase B Activity in “de novo” and L-Dopa Treated Parkinsonian Patients and Controls

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilfried Kuhn ◽  
Thomas Müller ◽  
Anja Gerstner ◽  
Regina Winkel ◽  
Mario E. Goetz
Keyword(s):  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Enzymatic Assay ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase B ◽  
Mao B ◽  
Levodopa Treatment ◽  
Platelet Mao ◽  
Platelet Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Age And Sex

ABSTRACT:Objective:Previous studies demonstrated controversial results regarding monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) activity in platelets in the periphery in parkinsonian patients (PD).Subjects and Methods:Therefore we determined platelet MAO-B activity in three age- and sex-matched groups of 17 untreated, so called “de novo” patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), 17 parkinsonian patients, receiving levodopa, and 17 controls by a radio enzymatic assay.Results:No significant differences of MAO-B activity appeared.Conclusion:This result suggests that phenotypic determination of MAO-B activity in platelets may not be used as peripheral marker in PD and that levodopa treatment does not alter MAO-B activity in the periphery.

Kinetics and Thermolability of Platelet Monoamine Oxidase in Cluster Headache and Migraine

Cephalalgia ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabet Waldenlind ◽  
Jan Sääf ◽  
Karl Ekbom ◽  
Svante Ross ◽  
Lars-Olof Wahlund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Cluster Headache ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Enzyme Properties ◽  
Headache Disorders ◽  
Platelet Mao ◽  
Mao Activity ◽  
Platelet Mao Activity ◽  
Platelet Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
C 30

Platelet monoamine oxidase activity (MAO) from 33 cluster headache patients (17 males, 16 females) and 34 migraine patients (16 males, 18 females) was assayed. The kinetic constants (apparent V max and apparent K m ) and the thermolability, measured as the ratio of the platelet MAO activity after and before heat treatment (+52°C, 30 min), were determined. The MAO activity and V max values were significantly lower in cluster headache than in migraine and in both headache disorders compared to a control group (62 males, 66 females). When comparing all groups, K m was not significantly different except for migraine females, who had lower K m values compared to control females. Thermolability was significantly higher in cluster headache than in migraine and in both headache disorders compared to the control group. Smokers of five cigarettes or more per day had significantly lower Vmax values but similar K m and thermolability values compared to those smoking less or nothing. The findings of low maximal velocities and high thermolability of platelet MAO in cluster headache and migraine are suggested to represent constitutionally different enzyme properties.

Genetics of Platelet MAO Activity in Discordant Schizophrenic and Normal Twins

1983 ◽  
Vol 142 (6) ◽  
pp. 560-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Reveley ◽  
Adrianne M. Reveley ◽  
Christine A. Clifford ◽  
Robin M. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Platelet Mao ◽  
Mao Activity ◽  
Platelet Mao Activity ◽  
Platelet Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mz Twins ◽  
Age And Sex

SummaryPlatelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity was compared in four age and sex-matched groups: monozygotic (MZ) twins discordant for schizophrenia, normal MZ twins, normal dizygotic (DZ) twins and unrelated individuals. Among the twin groups, schizophrenic and normal, there was a remarkably consistent degree of genetic control amounting to 70–80 per cent of the variation in activity. The mean platelet MAO activity of the schizophrenic twins was significantly lower than that of controls, but not than that of their psychiatrically well, neuroleptic-free cotwins; indeed the correlation for the MZ twins discordant for schizophrenia was almost exactly the same as that for the normal MZs. Thus, lower platelet MAO activity in schizophrenia, where it is found, is genetically modulated and not the result of the illness or its treatment.

Platelet monoamine oxidase activity and personality traits in alcoholics and methamphetamine dependents

1990 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirokazu Mukasa ◽  
Jun Nakamura ◽  
Shigeto Yamada ◽  
Motohito Inoue ◽  
Yoichi Nakazawa
Keyword(s):  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Oxidase Activity ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase Activity ◽  
Platelet Monoamine Oxidase

Low Platelet Monoamine Oxidase Activity in Sensation-Seeking Bullfighters

CNS Spectrums ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 21-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Carrasco ◽  
Jerónimo Sáiz-Ruiz ◽  
Marina Díaz-Marsá ◽  
Jesús César ◽  
Juan José López-Ibor
Keyword(s):  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Behavioral Pattern ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Platelet Mao ◽  
Isotopic Methods ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Mao Activity ◽  
Platelet Mao Activity ◽  
Platelet Monoamine Oxidase

AbstractIn this study, we attempt to demonstrate an association between low platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity, as assessed by isotopic methods, and the stable behavioral pattern of sensation- and risk-seeking of professional bull-fighters. Sixteen professional bullfighters were studied and compared with a control group of 46 healthy control subjects who did not engage in risky jobs or activities. The group of bullfighters had significantly reduced platelet MAO activity compared with the control group (P<0.05). Bullfighters were shown to be significantly more extroverted and sensation-seeking than controls on various temperament scales. A predisposition to engage in risky activities (eg, bullfighting) and sensation-seeking could be partly conditioned by the presence of biological components of personality manifested by a significantly decreased platelet MAO activity.

Platelet Monoamine Oxidase Activity in Schizophrenia

1979 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 366-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Mann ◽  
K. M. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Platelet Mao ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mao Activity ◽  
Platelet Mao Activity ◽  
Platelet Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Institutionalized Patients

SummaryA study was made of platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity in non-medicated, newly-admitted schizophrenics and institutionalized chronic schizophrenics both on and off medication. These patients were compared to two control groups: normal subjects and brain-damaged institutionalized patients. No relationship was found between platelet MAO activity and the severity or duration of illness, duration of psychotropic medication, presence of auditory hallucinations or institutionalization. Mean platelet MAO activity did not differ significantly between the schizophrenic subgroups and control groups. Thirty-one patients studied before and after treatment with phenothiazines showed no significant change in platelet MAO activity. The findings did not indicate a relationship between schizophrenia, its treatment or outcome and platelet MAO activity.

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