Movement disorders and psychological tests of frontal lobe function in schizophrenic patients

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. W. Brown ◽  
T. White ◽  
D. Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Tardive Dyskinesia ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Psychological Tests ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenic ◽  
Frontal Lobe Function ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Frontal Lobe Functions ◽  
Psychological Functions

SYNOPSISNeuropsychological tests of frontal lobe functions were undertaken in 46 chronic schizophrenic patients who were also rated for movement disorders. Tardive dyskinesia was found to have significant associations with most of these psychological tests. The possible mechanisms are discussed within the context of known neostriatal psychological functions.

Performance of Schizophrenic Patients on Putative Neuropsychological tests of frontal Lobe Function

1988 ◽  
Vol 42 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry E. Goldberg ◽  
John R. Kelsoe ◽  
Daniel R. Weinberger ◽  
Neil H. Pliskin ◽  
Paul D. Kirwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Frontal Lobe Function ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

Correlation of Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia with Frontal Lobe Parameters on Magnetic Resonance Imaging

1991 ◽  
Vol 159 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Williamson ◽  
D. Pelz ◽  
H. Merskey ◽  
S. Morrison ◽  
P. Conlon
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Tardive Dyskinesia ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenic ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

Among 24 chronic schizophrenic patients, the 10 with high ratings for negative symptoms had significantly higher left-frontal: temporal–cortical T2 ratios. This finding was unrelated to age, dose of medication, length of illness or handedness. No T1 or T2 changes were found to be associated with positive symptoms or tardive dyskinesia in the regions examined.

Schizophrenic Syndromes and Frontal Lobe Performance

1991 ◽  
Vol 158 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter F. Liddle ◽  
Danielle L. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Mental Activity ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenic ◽  
Inappropriate Response ◽  
Frontal Lobe Impairment ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
The Subject

A battery of neuropsychological tests sensitive to frontal lobe impairment was administered to 43 chronic schizophrenic patients to delineate the abnormality of mental processing associated with the syndromes of psychomotor poverty and disorganisation, which had been identified in a previous study of the segregation of schizophrenic symptoms. Psychomotor poverty was found to be associated with slowness of mental activity, including slowness of generating words. The disorganisation syndrome was associated with impairment in tests in which the subject is required to inhibit an established but inappropriate response.

scholarly journals Frontal release signs and cognition in people with schizophrenia, their siblings and healthy controls

2007 ◽  
Vol 191 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Hyde ◽  
Terry E. Goldberg ◽  
Michael F. Egan ◽  
Marc C. Lener ◽  
Daniel R. Weinberger
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Card Sort ◽  
Schizophrenia Group ◽  
Frontal Lobe Function ◽  
Perseverative Errors ◽  
Healthy Control

BackgroundFrontal release signs, a subset of neurological soft signs, are common in schizophrenia.AimsTo explore the relationship between frontal release signs and neuropsychological tests of frontal lobe function in people with schizophrenia, their siblings and healthy controls.MethodNeuropsychological tests and frontal release signs were measured in a cohort of index cases (n=302), their siblings (n=240) and healthy controls (n=346).ResultsThe mean total score of frontal release signs was 1.5 (s.d. = 1.58) in the schizophrenia group, 0.54 (s.d.=0.92) for siblings and 0.42 (s.d.=0.77) for controls. Schizophrenia group scores were greater than healthy control or sibling cohort scores (P < 0.0001), which did not differ. In all three cohorts, right grasp reflex scores positively correlated with number of perseverative errors on the Wisconsin Card Sort Task (P<0.05). In the schizophrenia group, frontal release signs scores showed an inverse correlation with IQ (R = −0.199, P<0.0005).ConclusionsOur findings of relationships between frontal release signs and cognitive assays of cortical dysfunction and the increased frequency of these signs in people with schizophrenia implicate a cortical origin for these clinical signs and evidence of frontal lobe dysfunction in this disorder.

Hypofrontality in Schizophrenia: A Review of the Evidence*

1987 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 399-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Axial Tomography ◽  
Cat Scan ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Frontal Lobe Function ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Computerized Axial Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Pet Scans

This paper reviews the possible role of frontal lobe dysfunction in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Pathological, computerized axial tomography (CAT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have indicated that a substantial number of schizophrenic patients show structural abnormalities in the frontal lobe areas and other parts of the brain. In some cases, these changes can be correlated with negative symptoms. Attempts to study frontal lobe function with neuropsychological tests, topographic EEG, cerebral blood flow (CBF) and positron emission tomography (PET) scans have also indicated that a substantial number of schizophrenics show abnormalities compared to normal controls. However, these abnormalities can be seen to some degree in other conditions. As well, patients early in the course of their illness tend not to show frontal lobe functional abnormalities. The implications of these findings for current theories of schizophrenia are discussed.

Tardive Dyskinesia and Dementia

1979 ◽  
Vol 135 (6) ◽  
pp. 500-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. O. Famuyiwa ◽  
D. Eccleston ◽  
A. A. Donaldson ◽  
R. F. Garside
Keyword(s):  
Tardive Dyskinesia ◽  
Psychological Tests ◽  
Measured Parameter ◽  
Intellectual Function ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Chronic Neuroleptic ◽  
Learning Test

SummarySeventeen schizophrenic patients with tardive dyskinesia (TD) and 33 schizophrenics without tardive dyskinesia were examined by psychological tests of intellectual function and EMI scans were performed. The group as a whole were found to be demented and 31 out of 45 had abnormalities on the scan. On a learning test the tardive dyskinesia group did significantly worse and using a measured parameter of the scan (the Ventricular Index) the tardive dyskinesia group had more abnormality. It is suggested that the higher incidence of pathology in the tardive dyskinesia group may be related to chronic neuroleptic toxicity.

Set-maintenance and set-shifting problems in schizophrenic subtypes: relationship to dysfunctions of the fronto-striatal loops

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
M.G. Lanser ◽  
B.A. Ellenbroek ◽  
A.R. Cools ◽  
F.G. Zitman
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Set Shifting ◽  
Frontal Lobe Lesions ◽  
Core Symptom ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Information Set ◽  
The Brain

SUMMARYResearch with patients suffering from Parkinson's disease and frontal lobe lesions has shown that disturbances in the fronto-striatal loops in the brain can cause perseveration. Perseveration is a core symptom of schizophrenia, yet the cause is not known. For schizophrenic patients disorders of many parts of the fronto-striatal loops are found, for example disturbances of the prefrontal cortex and the striatum. Perseveration in schizophrenia can be explained with set-maintenance problems, related to dysfunction of the prefrontal cortex, or with set-shifting problems that are related to disorders in the striatum. These set-maintenance and set-shifting problems can be distinguished with neuropsychological tests. Regarding the bloodflow patterns for the different subtypes of schizophrenia three problems are expected as explanations for perseveration: set-maintenance problems concerning abstract information, set-maintenance problems shifting between stimuli and enhanced set-shifting with cues.

Treating Prodromal Episodes to Prevent Relapse in Schizophrenia

1989 ◽  
Vol 155 (S5) ◽  
pp. 123-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marvin I. Herz ◽  
William Glazer ◽  
Mahmud Mirza ◽  
Marcelle Mostert ◽  
Hisham Hafez
Keyword(s):  
Tardive Dyskinesia ◽  
Antipsychotic Medication ◽  
Neuroleptic Medication ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenic ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Active Medication ◽  
Maintenance Medication ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

Our current study compares intermittent medication with maintenance medication in the treatment of stable schizophrenic out-patients. According to the intermittent approach, known active medication is given only when the patient develops prodromal signs of relapse and until the patient restabilises. After restabilisation, medication is discontinued. The impetus for this work came as the result of our interest in finding ways to diminish the incidence of tardive dyskinesia. Many investigators believe that tardive dyskinesia is generally related to the amount of neuroleptic medication a patient has taken during his lifetime. Since it is routine for many aftercare clinics to maintain these patients indefinitely on antipsychotic medication, ways must be found to reduce the amount of medication taken by chronic schizophrenic patients. This paper will present the background ideas and preliminary studies which led to the present study and preliminary results of the present study.

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