scholarly journals Attitudes towards childbearing, causal attributions for bipolar disorder and psychological distress: a study of families with multiple cases of bipolar disorder

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 1601-1611 ◽  
Author(s):  
BETTINA MEISER ◽  
PHILIP B. MITCHELL ◽  
NADINE A. KASPARIAN ◽  
KIM STRONG ◽  
JUDY M. SIMPSON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Causal Attributions ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Perceived Stigma ◽  
History Of ◽  
Associative Stigma

ABSTRACTBackgroundFor families with multiple cases of bipolar disorder this study explored: attitudes towards childbearing; causal attributions for bipolar disorder, in particular the degree to which a genetic model is endorsed and its impact on the perceived stigma of bipolar disorder; and predictors of psychological distress.MethodTwo hundred individuals (95 unaffected and 105 affected with either bipolar disorder, schizo-affective disorder – manic type, or recurrent major disorder) were surveyed, using mailed, self-administered questionnaires.ResultsThirty-five (35%) participants reported being ‘not at all willing to have children’ or ‘less willing to have children’ as a result of having a strong family history of bipolar disorder. Being not at all or less willing to have children was associated with perceived stigma of bipolar disorder [odds ratio (OR) 2·42,p=0·002], endorsement of a genetic model (OR 1·76,p=0·046), and being affected (OR 2·16,p=0·01). Among unaffected participants only, endorsement of a genetic model was strongly correlated with perceived stigma (rs=0·30,p=0·004). Perceiving the family environment as an important factor in causing bipolar disorder was significantly associated with psychological distress (OR 1·58,p=0·043) among unaffected participants. Among affected participants, perceived stigma was significantly correlated with psychological distress (OR 2·44,p=0·02), controlling for severity of symptoms (p<0·001).ConclusionsHaving a genetic explanation for bipolar disorder may exacerbate associative stigma among unaffected members from families with multiple cases of bipolar disorder, while it does not impact on perceived stigma among affected family members. Affected family members may benefit from interventions to ameliorate the adverse effects of perceived stigma.

Genetic influences on eating attitudes in a normal female twin population

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 425-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Rutherford ◽  
P. McGuffin ◽  
R. J. Katz ◽  
R. M. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Family Environment ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Past History ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Normal Female ◽  
Drive For Thinness ◽  
Environmental Variance ◽  
History Of ◽  
Eat 26

SynopsisThe Eating Attitudes Test (EAT) and the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) were administered to a female volunteer twin population aged 18 to 45 years. Both members of 147 monozygotic (MZ) and 99 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs completed the questionnaires. Thirty-five subjects scored over the cut-off point of the EAT-26. Interviews of these high-scoring twins and their co-twins identified three subjects with a past history of anorexia nervosa, and three others with a history of a partial syndrome. A heritability value of 41% was obtained for the overall EAT scores, while factor analysis produced a ‘dieting’ factor with a heritability of 42%. The ‘body dissatisfaction’ and ‘drive for thinness’ subscales of the EDI had heritability values of 52 and 44% respectively. The genetic contribution to the variance in body mass index in the twin sample was estimated at 64%. For all the above phenotypes, an environmental model of transmission with heritability constrained to be zero, could be rejected. Conversely, we were unable to reject a purely additive genetic model with shared environmental variance constrained at zero, suggesting that family environment has little or no effect on the transmission of many of these traits.

scholarly journals Familial Comorbidity of Bipolar Disorder and Multiple Sclerosis: Genetic Susceptibility, Coexistence or Causal Relationship?

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary H. Kosmidis ◽  
Vasilis P. Bozikas ◽  
Vaitsa Giannouli ◽  
Athanasios Karavatos ◽  
Konstantinos Fokas
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Parallel Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Psychiatric Manifestations ◽  
Related Process ◽  
Rule Out

Our purpose in undertaking the present study was to examine the hypotheses proposed for explaining the frequent comorbidity of bipolar disorder and multiple sclerosis. One hypothesis posits that, when there is comorbidity, MS plays a causal role in psychiatric manifestations. Another suggests that both disorders have a common underlying physiological process that increases the likelihood of their co-occurrence. We examined two adult siblings with comorbidity and their relatives, including three generations of family members with psychiatric morbidity. We found an extensive multigenerational history of bipolar disorder in this family. This history would seem to support the hypothesis of a common underlying brain process (potentially genetically-based) to explain the comorbidity of BD and MS, but cannot clarify whether this comorbidity implies a relationship between the two disorders or merely reflects parallel processes of brain deterioration. We cannot, however, rule out the possibility of a subclinical MS-related process leading to the early manifestation of BD, with MS appearing much later in time, or even a third, undetermined factor, leading to familial comorbidity. Although we have insufficient information to support either hypothesis definitively, we present the familial cases as a springboard for a discussion of dilemmas related to teasing apart MS and BD comorbidity. Further observation of the clinical course of the younger family members, who have not yet shown any neurological signs, over the next few years may elucidate the current picture further.

scholarly journals Is Coping with Stigma by Association Role-Specific for Different Family Members? A Qualitative Study with Bipolar Disorder Patients’ Relatives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélène Richard-Lepouriel ◽  
Jean-Michel Aubry ◽  
Sophie Favre
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Family Roles ◽  
Public Stigma ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Stigma By Association ◽  
Associative Stigma ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Purposive Sample

AbstractTrying to cope with stigma by association (SBA) often results in behaviors leading to social isolation and withdrawal. This study aimed at exploring the stigma-related experiences of family members of persons living with bipolar disorder (PW-BD). A semi-structured interview was conducted with relatives of PW-BD. Open-ended questions addressed three issues: awareness of public stigma of bipolar disorder, experiences of associative stigma, and ways of coping with experiences of SBA. Data were collected from a purposive sample of 21 family members. Experiences of SBA were specifically related to the different family roles. Parents had to deal with responsibility, partners with the choice of staying or not, and siblings with “a sort of duty.” These specific prejudices enhanced specific coping strategies. This is the first study to highlight specific issues and coping from the perspective of family members. Based on these findings, specific targeted interventions could be developed.

History of Abuse, Substance Use Problems, and Bipolar Disorder in a County Jail Setting

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Shirley ◽  
Lisa Stines Doane ◽  
Toyomi Goto ◽  
Norah Feeny ◽  
Sara M. Debanne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
County Jail ◽  
Substance Use Problems ◽  
History Of

New Families with Hereditary Hemorrhagic Trait due to Deficiency of Fibrin Stabilizing Factor (F. XIII)

1968 ◽  
Vol 20 (03/04) ◽  
pp. 534-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Egeberg
Keyword(s):  
Factor Xiii ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Recessive Inheritance ◽  
Factor Xiii Deficiency ◽  
History Of ◽  
Congenital Factor

SummarySevere hemorrhagic disorder due to congenital factor XIII deficiency is described in two unrelated Norwegian girls.Plasma cephalin time was for both patients extraordinarily short during episodes of bleeding and hematomas. No such hyperactivity reaction was demonstrable in unaffected condition some months later.Estimations of blood factor XIII levels revealed a partial defect in the parents of both children, and also in some other family members, consistent with an autosomal incompletely recessive inheritance of the defect. Some of the presumptive heterozygotes had a history of light bleeding phenomenons; whether this was related to their partial lack of factor XIII is so far uncertain.

scholarly journals Gambling problems in bipolar disorder in the UK: Prevalence and distribution

2015 ◽  
Vol 207 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Jones ◽  
Alice Metcalf ◽  
Katherine Gordon-Smith ◽  
Liz Forty ◽  
Amy Perry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Gambling Problems ◽  
Rapid Cycling ◽  
Probable Significance ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gambling Severity ◽  
The Uk

BackgroundNorth American studies show bipolar disorder is associated with elevated rates of problem gambling; however, little is known about rates in the different presentations of bipolar illness.AimsTo determine the prevalence and distribution of problem gambling in people with bipolar disorder in the UK.MethodThe Problem Gambling Severity Index was used to measure gambling problems in 635 participants with bipolar disorder.ResultsModerate to severe gambling problems were four times higher in people with bipolar disorder than in the general population, and were associated with type 2 disorder (OR = 1.74, P = 0.036), history of suicidal ideation or attempt (OR = 3.44, P = 0.02) and rapid cycling (OR = 2.63, P = 0.008).ConclusionsApproximately 1 in 10 patients with bipolar disorder may be at moderate to severe risk of problem gambling, possibly associated with suicidal behaviour and a rapid cycling course. Elevated rates of gambling problems in type 2 disorder highlight the probable significance of modest but unstable mood disturbance in the development and maintenance of such problems.

Structural and functional microbial patterns in cohabitating family members with history of periodontitis

Oral Diseases ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucía Díaz‐Faes ◽  
Ana Soriano‐Lerma ◽  
Antonio Magan‐Fernandez ◽  
María López ◽  
Juan Gijon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Members ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Maternal History of Child Sexual Abuse and Maladaptive Outcomes in Sexually Abused Children: The Role of Maternal Mental Health

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110139
Author(s):  
Rachel Langevin ◽  
Martine Hébert ◽  
Audrey Kern
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Sexually Abused ◽  
Maternal Mental Health ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Abused Children ◽  
Maternal History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sexually Abused Children

The effects of child sexual abuse (CSA) have been found to surpass generations as maternal history of CSA is associated with increased difficulties in sexually abused children. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying this association. The present study aimed to test maternal mental health symptoms including psychological distress, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and dissociation as mediators of the relationship between maternal CSA and children’s internalizing, externalizing, and dissociation symptoms in a large sample of sexually abused children. A total of 997 sexually abused children aged 3-14 years old and their mothers were recruited at five specialized intervention centers offering services to sexually abused children and their families. The children were divided into two groups depending on their mothers’ self-reported history of CSA. Mothers completed a series of questionnaires assessing their mental health and children’s functioning. Maternal history of CSA was associated with increased maternal psychological distress, PTSD symptoms, and dissociation following children’s disclosure of CSA. In turn, maternal psychological distress and maternal dissociation were associated with increased child internalizing, externalizing, and dissociation symptoms. Maternal PTSD symptoms were associated with child internalizing symptoms. Maternal mental health difficulties mediated the association between maternal CSA and sexually abused children’s maladaptive outcomes. Clinicians should assess for possible history of CSA in mothers of sexually abused children and determine how best to support them to cope with the aftermaths of their child’s disclosure and with their own traumatic past.

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