The undue influence of shape and weight on self-evaluation in anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and restrained eaters: a combined ERP and behavioral study

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Blechert ◽  
U. Ansorge ◽  
S. Beckmann ◽  
B. Tuschen-Caffier
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Implicit Associations ◽  
Subjective Ratings ◽  
Restrained Eaters ◽  
Undue Influence ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Related Potentials

BackgroundCurrent theories and nosology assume that the self-evaluation (SE) of individuals with eating disorders (EDs) is unduly influenced by body shape and weight. However, experimental data supporting this link are scarce, and it is not specified which subdomains of SE might be affected.MethodWe studied patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN) and healthy controls (HC) with an affective priming (AP) procedure (Study 1) to unveil explicit and implicit associations between shape/weight and SE. We used weight/shape-related prime sentences, complemented by affectively congruent and incongruent target words from two SE domains. AP effects were assessed by event-related potentials (ERPs), reaction times (RTs) and subjective ratings. The ratings were also assessed (Study 2) in undergraduate restrained (RES) and unrestrained eaters (UNRES).ResultsStudy 1 demonstrated stronger AP effects in both ED groups compared to HC on RTs and subjective ratings. ERPs showed AP effects only in the BN group. Restrained eaters showed similar, albeit less pronounced, priming effects on subjective ratings.ConclusionsED patients associate shape/weight concerns with the non-appearance-related SE domains of interpersonal relationships and achievement/performance. These associations seem to be encoded deeper in BN patients relative to the other groups. Links between shape/weight and SE explain how body dissatisfaction impacts on self-esteem and mood in ED. The existence of similar associations in restrained eaters supports a continuum model according to which increasing associations between shape/weight and SE go along with increasing levels of ED symptoms.

scholarly journals Anorexia nervosa and body dysmorphic disorder are associated with abnormalities in processing visual information

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 2111-2122 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Li ◽  
T. M. Lai ◽  
C. Bohon ◽  
S. K. Loo ◽  
D. McCurdy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Spatial Frequency ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Body Dysmorphic Disorder ◽  
High Spatial Frequency ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Visual Stream ◽  
N170 Component ◽  
Related Potentials

BackgroundAnorexia nervosa (AN) and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) are characterized by distorted body image and are frequently co-morbid with each other, although their relationship remains little studied. While there is evidence of abnormalities in visual and visuospatial processing in both disorders, no study has directly compared the two. We used two complementary modalities – event-related potentials (ERPs) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) – to test for abnormal activity associated with early visual signaling.MethodWe acquired fMRI and ERP data in separate sessions from 15 unmedicated individuals in each of three groups (weight-restored AN, BDD, and healthy controls) while they viewed images of faces and houses of different spatial frequencies. We used joint independent component analyses to compare activity in visual systems.ResultsAN and BDD groups demonstrated similar hypoactivity in early secondary visual processing regions and the dorsal visual stream when viewing low spatial frequency faces, linked to the N170 component, as well as in early secondary visual processing regions when viewing low spatial frequency houses, linked to the P100 component. Additionally, the BDD group exhibited hyperactivity in fusiform cortex when viewing high spatial frequency houses, linked to the N170 component. Greater activity in this component was associated with lower attractiveness ratings of faces.ConclusionsResults provide preliminary evidence of similar abnormal spatiotemporal activation in AN and BDD for configural/holistic information for appearance- and non-appearance-related stimuli. This suggests a common phenotype of abnormal early visual system functioning, which may contribute to perceptual distortions.

Perception of body shape in bulimia nervosa: An ERP study

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 741-741
Author(s):  
U. Volpe ◽  
S. Galderisi ◽  
A. Mucci ◽  
A. Vignapiano ◽  
V. Montefusco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
High Time Resolution ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Source Imaging ◽  
Related Potentials

Body image distortion represents a key clinical feature of eating disorders (EDs), but its neurobiological underpinnings are poorly understood. Previous functional imaging studies yielded inconsistent findings, indicating a possible involvement of fronto-temporal and/or limbic abnormalities. Since these putative regions are highly interconnected and participate into functional networks, it might be useful to study the temporal evolution of their activation during the processing of body images.The present study was aimed to explore the neurobiological correlates of body image processing in subjects with bulimia nervosa (BN), using the high-time resolution, electrical neuroimaging technique called LORETA.Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded from 30 unipolar channels in 10 subjects with BN and 10 matched healthy controls, during the performance of an emotional counting Stroop task, in which the distorted, non-distorted and scrambled image of their own body and an unfamiliar body image were randomly presented on a computer screen.Using the LORETA source imaging technique, we found that subjects with BN had a greater activation in frontal areas and anterior cingulate during late phases of body image processing, with respect to healthy controls.Our results indicate that patients with BN need to allocate a greater amount of attentive and executive resources, than healthy controls, during the integrative stage of body shape processing.

Influence of negative mood on restrained eaters’ memory suppression of food cues: An event-related potentials study

Appetite ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 105269
Author(s):  
Ziming Bian ◽  
Runlan Yang ◽  
Xinmeng Yang ◽  
Yong Liu ◽  
Xiao Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Mood ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Restrained Eaters ◽  
Food Cues ◽  
Memory Suppression ◽  
Related Potentials

scholarly journals A Difference of Past Self-Evaluation Between College Students With Low and High Socioeconomic Status: Evidence From Event-Related Potentials

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinlei Zang ◽  
Kaige Jin ◽  
Feng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
N400 Amplitude ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Self Reference

Socioeconomic status (SES) refers to the social position or class according to their material and non-material social resources. We conducted a study with 60 college students to explore whether SES affects past self-evaluation and used event-related potentials (ERPs) in a self-reference task that required participants to judge whether the trait adjectives (positive or negative) describing themselves 5 years ago were appropriate for them. Behavioral data showed that individuals’ positive past self-evaluations were significantly higher than individuals’ negative past self-evaluations, regardless of high or low SES. Individuals with high SES had significantly higher positive past self-evaluations than those with low SES. ERP data showed that in the low SES group, negative adjectives elicited a marginally greater N400 amplitude than positive adjectives; in the high SES group, negative adjectives elicited a greater late positive potential (LPP) amplitude than positive adjectives. N400 is an index of the accessibility of semantic processing, and a larger N400 amplitude reflects less fluent semantic processing. LPP is an index of continuous attention during late processing; the larger LPP amplitude is elicited, the more attention resources are invested. Our results indicated that compared with college students with low SES, the past self-evaluations of college students with high SES were more positive; college students with high SES paid more attention to negative adjectives. However, college students with low SES were marginally less fluent in processing negative adjectives.

scholarly journals Context-based interpersonal relationship modulates social comparison between outcomes: an event-related potential study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huoyin Zhang ◽  
Ruolei Gu ◽  
Ming Yang ◽  
Mingming Zhang ◽  
Fengxu Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Comparison ◽  
Interpersonal Relationship ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Trust Game ◽  
Late Positive Component ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Maintenance Model

Abstract Social comparison is a common behavior that largely determines people’s experience of decision outcome. Previous research has showed that interpersonal relationship plays a pivotal role in social comparison. In the current study, we investigated whether the manipulation of context-based relationship would affect participants’ comparison of self-outcome and other-outcome. Participants first finished a trust game with likeable (dislikeable) partner and then they were involved in a gambling task and observed the outcomes for themselves and for partners. According to self-reports, participants were more satisfied with likeable partner’s gains than losses only when they received gains, but they were always more satisfied with dislikeable player’s losses compared to gains. Event-related potentials including the feedback-related negativity (FRN), P3 and late positive component (LPC) were sensitive to context-based relationship. Specifically, the prediction error signal (indexed by the FRN) was largest when participants received losses but dislikeable player received gains. Meanwhile, the P3 indicates that participants had stronger motivation to outperform dislikeable player. Finally, the LPC was larger when participants received the same outcomes with dislikeable players. In general, our results support the key point of the self-evaluation maintenance model that personal closeness modulates subjective sensitivity when drawing a comparison of one’s outcomes with other’s outcomes.

scholarly journals Adapting the p300 brain-computer interface technology to assess condition of anorexia nervosa patients

2019 ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
I. P. Ganin ◽  
E. A. Kosichenko ◽  
A. V. Sokolov ◽  
O. M. Ioannisyanc ◽  
I. M. Arefev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Brain Computer Interface ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Computer Interface ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Personal Significance ◽  
Emotional Perception ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Active Rehabilitation ◽  
Mechanisms Of Development

Brain-computer interface based on the P300 wave (P300 BCI) allows activating a given command according to the electroencephalogram (EEG) response to a predetermined relevant stimulus. The same algorithm enables detecting a subjectively important item (i.e., one triggering emotional response) in an environment even without actively drawing attention to it. Such systems allow assessing the personal significance of certain information, which can be used in the diagnostics of disorders of emotional perception or value system, e.g., eating disorders. This study aimed to investigate the EEG responses of anorexia nervosa patients (diagnosis F50.0, n = 12, age 11–16 years) to the stimuli with different perceived emotional significance, as well as to validate application of P300 BCI to detect the focus of attention to subjectively important stimuli. The inclusion criteria were: diagnosed anorexia nervosa (diagnosis F50.0); active rehabilitation. We registered the EEG while presenting images with different content to the patients. The event-related potentials (ERP) were detected and analyzed with the help of MATLAB 7.1 (MathWorks; USA). Statistica 7.0 software (StatSoft; USA) was used for statistical analysis of the data. We have discovered that in passive viewing paradigm, images of body parts of emaciated people among other images caused ERP with higher amplitude than images of food. Moreover, the accuracy of detection was higher for images of body parts: 89% against 59%, respectively. Thus, we have proven the validity of applying P300 BCI to detect covert emotional foci of attention and added to the existing knowledge about the mechanisms of development of anorexia nervosa.

Event-Related Potentials During Recognition of Semantic and Pictorial Food Stimuli in Patients With Anorexia Nervosa and Healthy Controls With Varying Internal States of Hunger

2012 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Nikendei ◽  
Hans-Christoph Friederich ◽  
Matthias Weisbrod ◽  
Stephan Walther ◽  
Anuradha Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Internal States ◽  
Related Potentials
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