scholarly journals Behavioral activation system moderates self-referent processing following recovery from depression

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 1909-1919 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kircanski ◽  
H. Mazur ◽  
I. H. Gotlib
Keyword(s):  
Mood Induction ◽  
Behavioral Activation ◽  
Cognitive Vulnerability ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Behavioral Activation System ◽  
Activation System ◽  
History Of ◽  
Reward Responsivity ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundPrevious research has implicated the behavioral activation system (BAS) in depression. The relationship of BAS functioning to aspects of cognitive vulnerability to depression, however, is not known.MethodThe present study investigated associations among level of BAS functioning and the encoding and recall of positive and negative self-referent information in currently non-depressed participants with a history of recurrent major depression (recovered; RMD) and in never-depressed control participants (CTL). Participants completed self-report measures of levels of BAS and behavioral inhibition system (BIS) functioning. Following a negative mood induction, participants were presented with a series of positive and negative adjectives; they indicated which words described them and later recalled as many of the words as they were able.ResultsThe relationship of BAS functioning to self-referent processing was dependent on participant group. Although lower BAS reward responsivity was associated with the endorsement and recall of fewer positive words across groups, the magnitude of these associations was stronger, and was only significant, within the RMD group. Furthermore, only for RMD participants was lower BAS reward responsivity associated with the endorsement of more negative words. These effects were not accounted for by depressive or anxiety symptoms, current mood, or level of BIS functioning.ConclusionsThese results indicate that BAS functioning may be distinctively linked to negatively biased self-referent processing, one facet of cognitive vulnerability to depression, in individuals with a history of major depressive disorder. Enhancing BAS functioning may be important in buffering cognitive vulnerability to depression.

General Reward Sensitivity Predicts Intensity of Music-Evoked Chills

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 484-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuma Mori ◽  
Makoto Iwanaga
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Activation ◽  
Reward Sensitivity ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Experiment Study ◽  
Reward Responsiveness ◽  
Behavioral Activation System ◽  
Activation System ◽  
Psychophysiological Arousal ◽  
The Relationship

Chills (goose bumps or shivers) evoked by listening to one’s favorite music are an indicator of a rewarding experience. The current study examined the relationship between individual differences in general reward sensitivity and music-evoked chills. To assess this relationship, we measured the three subscales of the behavioral activation system (BAS) and the frequency and intensity of music-evoked chills in a large-sample survey (Study 1) and a psychophysiological experiment (Study 2). One result observed in both studies was that people with high BAS reward responsiveness experienced more intense chills from music. Moreover, the results showed that the experience of chills induced highly pleasurable emotions and psychophysiological arousal. The present study suggests that general reward sensitivity is a predictor of music-evoked chills. Although music is just a sequence of tones and not clearly related to survival value, music could create a rewarding experience partially similar to other rewarding actions or events.

Snacking, Emotional and Behavioural Problems among Overweight and Obese Adolescents in MyBFF@school Program

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahari Ishak ◽  
Suet Fin Low ◽  
Wan Abdul Hakim Wan Ibrahim ◽  
Abqariyah Yahya ◽  
Fuziah Md. Zain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Association ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Behavioural Problems ◽  
Emotional And Behavioural Problems ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

This study aimed to investigate the relationship of snacking with emotional and behavioural problems among 620 overweight and obese adolescents with a mean age(SD) of 14.6(13) years old. Snacking frequencies in the past week were assessed using a pre-tested nutrition knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) questionnaire while the emotional and behavioural problems were measured using the Youth Self-Report questionnaire. The study found a significant positive association between snacking and all symptoms of emotional and behavioural problems. There were also differences in the association based on gender, school location and ethnicity. The findings suggested that there are significant positive associations between snacking and emotional and behavioural problems among overweight and obese adolescents. History of snacking may be used to identify overweight and obese adolescents with these problems and various initiatives may be implemented to overcome them.

Snacking, Emotional and Behavioural Problems among Overweight and Obese Adolescents in MyBFF@school Program

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahari Ishak ◽  
Suet Fin Low ◽  
Wan Abdul Hakim Wan Ibrahim ◽  
Abqariyah Yahya ◽  
Fuziah Md. Zain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Association ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Behavioural Problems ◽  
Emotional And Behavioural Problems ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

This study aimed to investigate the relationship of snacking with emotional and behavioural problems among 620 overweight and obese adolescents with a mean age(SD) of 14.6(13) years old. Snacking frequencies in the past week were assessed using a pre-tested nutrition knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) questionnaire while the emotional and behavioural problems were measured using the Youth Self-Report questionnaire. The study found a significant positive association between snacking and all symptoms of emotional and behavioural problems. There were also differences in the association based on gender, school location and ethnicity. The findings suggested that there are significant positive associations between snacking and emotional and behavioural problems among overweight and obese adolescents. History of snacking may be used to identify overweight and obese adolescents with these problems and various initiatives may be implemented to overcome them.

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

Meat without Animals: Outcast Objects and the Improvement of London

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ted Geier
Keyword(s):  
Animal Rights ◽  
Legal Reform ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Covers the long history of the Smithfield animal market and legal reform in London. Shows the relationship of civic improvement tropes, including animal rights, to animal erasure in the form of new foodstuffs from distant meat production sites. The reduction of lives to commodities also informed public abasement of the butchers.

From Competition to Cooperation: A History of Canada–US National Park Relations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terence Young ◽  
Alan MacEachern ◽  
Lary Dilsaver
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Us ◽  
Park Service ◽  
Settler Societies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Flow Of Information ◽  
The Relationship

This essay explores the evolving international relationship of the two national park agencies that in 1968 began to offer joint training classes for protected-area managers from around the world. Within the British settler societies that dominated nineteenth century park-making, the United States’ National Park Service (NPS) and Canada’s National Parks Branch were the most closely linked and most frequently cooperative. Contrary to campfire myths and nationalist narratives, however, the relationship was not a one-way flow of information and motivation from the US to Canada. Indeed, the latter boasted a park bureaucracy before the NPS was established. The relationship of the two nations’ park leaders in the half century leading up to 1968 demonstrates the complexity of defining the influences on park management and its diffusion from one country to another.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document