The Syntax of the Gezer Calendar

1953 ◽  
Vol 85 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Honeyman

The list of eight seasons named in the Gezer Calendar is consecutive and complete, and there is no reason for supposing that the wordin that inscription has any other than its normal meaning of “lunation, month”, or that the annual cycle at Gezer in the second half of the tenth century before the common era differed from the twelve-month year found in other parts of the North-West Semitic world as well as in Mesopotamia. It follows that some of the periods named in the Gezer list must extend over more than one month, i.e.—since there is no indication in the text of any fraction of a month—over two months at least. H. L. Ginsberg was the first to see that the solution is to be sought in the differing formsand, each of which occurs four times. Ginsberg proposed to treat the latter form as construct singular and the former as a construct dual withwawas amater lectionisto represent -ō < -ā in the nominative dual construct.

In this paper the author investigates the periodical variations of the winds, rain and temperature, corresponding to the conditions of the moon’s declination, in a manner similar to that he has already followed in the case of the barometrical variations, on a period of years extending from 1815 to 1832 inclusive. In each case he gives tables of the average quantities for each week, at the middle of which the moon is in the equator, or else has either attained its maximum north or south declination. He thus finds that a north-east wind is most promoted by the constant solar influence which causes it, when the moon is about the equator, going from north to south; that a south-east wind, in like manner, prevails most when the moon is proceeding to acquire a southern declination ; that winds from the south and west blow more when the moon is in her mean degrees of declination, going either way, than with a full north or south declination ; and that a north-west wind, the common summer and fair weather wind of the climate, affects, in like manner, the mean declination, in either direction, in preference to the north or south, and most when the moon is coming north. He finds the average annual depth of rain, falling in the neighbourhood of London, is 25’17 inches.


1947 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. B. F. Wijeratne
Keyword(s):  

In the Mid. Ind. stage, represented by the Prakrits, though not in the North–west, Sk. ā, ī ū before two consonants (homorganic or heterorganic) coincided with Sk. a, i, u before two consonants, for in both cases Mid. Ind. showed ā ī ū before double consonants, e.g. Sk. kāstha– > Pa. Pk. hattha–; Sk. tīrtha– > Pa. Pk. tittha–; Sk. pūrna– > Pa. Pk. punna–; just as Sk. lajjā– > Pa – Pk. lajjā–; Sk. mitra– > Pa. Pk. mitta–; Sk. śuddha– > Pa. Pk. suddha–.


Author(s):  
A. Guerra ◽  
A.F. González ◽  
F. Rocha

The relationship between the increase of the sea surface temperature observed off the Galician coast and the appearance of a tropical poikilotherm species Argonauta argo in these coasts is discussed. This is the first record of Argonautaargo in the north-west Iberian Peninsula. A female of this species was captured alive near the surface at dusk on 22 December 2000 in the Ria de Aldán (42°15′N–08°48′W). The specimen, a mature female of 70 mm mantle length and 96 mm shell diameter, died 36 hours after introduction in the tank.


1917 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 125-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Gee

Derwentdale is the valley through which the Derwent runs on the north-west side of the county of Durham. In this valley one of the first Anabaptist churches was gathered in the time of the Protectorate, and here, in the early years after the Restoration, a dangerous plot was formed, which presently ramified through the length and breadth of England. The object of this design, in the words of the man who discovered it, was‘to rise in rebellion against the government, and to destroy Parliament, and murder all Bishops, Deans, and Chapters, and all other ministers of the Church; to break all organs, and further to kill all the gentry that should either oppose them, or not join with them, and to destroy the Common Prayer Book, and to pull down all Churches.’


Author(s):  
R. H. Millar

This paper is the second of a series dealing with the annual cycle of growth andreproduction in British ascidians; a previous paper (Millar, 1952) dealt with the speciesDiplosoma listerianum (Milne Edwards), Ciona intestinalis (Linnaeus),Ascidiella aspersa (Muller), andBotryllus schlosseri (Pallas)The present investigation is concerned with the growth, the course of sexual reproduction and establishment of new generations, and the histological changes in the gonad throughout the year, in the ascidianDendrodoa grossularia (family Styelidae).Samples were examined from two widely separated localities: Fambridge in the River Crouch, Essex; and Farland Point, Isle of Cumbrae, in the Firth of Clyde. The specimens from Essex were dredged from a depth of about 2 m. (below L.W.O.S.T.), and were attached to the empty shells of the European oyster,Ostrea edulis L. and to the shells ofCrepidula fornicata L. The speci-mens from the Firth of Clydewere attached to stones on sheltered parts of the shore. The animals here extended over a zone of the shore from about Chart Datum+ 2.5 ft. (0.76 m.) to about Chart Datum+ 7.5 ft. (2.29 m.): Only in very sheltered positions, such as under large boulders, did Dendrodoa occur in abundance. The two habitats were thus very different in nature, one being sublittoral on the south-east coast of Britain and the other being littoral on the north-west coast. The value of comparisons is limited by the different nature of the conditions to which the sublittoral and the littoral populations were exposed.The observations on growth in the Clyde extended over most of 1951 and 1952, and nineteen samples were taken.


2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-44
Author(s):  
Harald Bichlmeier
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  

Abstract The North-West-Bohemian town Kaaden (Czech Kadaň) lies in an area where Celts settled some two millennia ago. For this reason a Celtic etymology was proposed for this placename, although a Slavic etymology based on the Common Slavic personal name *Kadanъ (attested in Old Czech, Polish, Sorabian) had existed for decades: Kadaň (taken over later on into German as Ka(a)den) was derived from the personal name *Kadanъ with the possessive suffix Common Slavic *-jь and meant originally ‘Kadan’s (castle/town)’. It will be shown that the Celtic etymology which argues for a Proto-Celtic *katu-dūno- ‘town/castle of the fight/battle’ invokes too many ad-hoc-developments and scarcely (if at all) attested soundchanges to be regarded at all plausible. The ‘classical’ Slavic etymology, on the other hand, can be shown to be flawless in all aspects.


Author(s):  
Terry Robinson ◽  
Jane Scullion

Respiratory diseases are one of the most common forms of ill-health, affecting about 12.5 million in the United Kingdom (UK); approximately one in five people. Globally the UK is in the top 20 countries for lung cancer and COPD deaths, with prevalence being highest in the North-West and South-West of England. More women than men have a diagnosed lung disease, mainly due to higher pneumonia incidence; most other lung conditions are more common in men. This chapter begins with an overview of respiratory disease, and outlines some of the common causes that impact on lung health. The mortality and morbidity of various respiratory diseases is covered, and the costs of consultations and drug treatments are discussed.


2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-255
Author(s):  
Petr Vlček ◽  
Vít Zavadil

Abstract A reproducing population of the common wall lizard (Podarcis muralis) is reported from the Czech Silesia (Czech Republic) for the first time. The lizards live in the ruins of the castle Šelenburk which is located on the Cvilín Hill near the town Krnov. This finding extends the known range of P. muralis from the nearest known Moravian locality cca 60 km to the North-West.


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