Indian relations with East Africa before the arrival of the Portuguese

1980 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-127
Author(s):  
Neville Chittick
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Opposite Direction ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Indian Relations ◽  
Ways Of Life ◽  
Comparable Size

The Indian Ocean has for at least two thousand years served as a highway for the exchange of goods and ideas, and the cultural links between the lands bordering it are perhaps closer than over any other region of comparable size. The length of voyages undertaken since early times has been very great, as is forcefully demonstrated by the Indonesian colonization of Madagascar in the first centuries A.D. Commerce has been facilitated by the monsoon which in the western part of the ocean blows for roughly half the year from the northeast and for half in the opposite direction. The eastern and western shores of the western part of the basin share much the same climate and are suited to similar ways of life.

Shipping and Trade between Hamburg-Bremen and the Indian Ocean, 1870–1914

1982 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-386
Author(s):  
Hermann Kellenbenz
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
East Africa ◽  
First World War ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Early Years ◽  
World War ◽  
Short Survey ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
First World

This study is intended to give a short survey on the development of shipping and trade between two main German ports and the Indian Ocean from the early years of the Bismarck period to the beginning of the First World War. The study deals with the area from East Africa to East India and from Indochina to Indonesia. China, the Philippines, and Australia will not be considered. It is based on an analysis of published material.

scholarly journals The Geology of Portuguese Nyasaland

1922 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 200-212
Author(s):  
Robert R. Walls
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
East Africa ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Dark Continent ◽  
The Indian Ocean

Portuguese Nyasaland is the name given to the most northern part of Portuguese East Africa, lying between Lake Nyasa and the Indian Ocean. It is separated from the Tanganyika territory in the north by the River Rovuma and from the Portuguese province of Mozambique in the south by the River Lurio. The territory measures about 400 miles from east to west and 200 miles from north to south and has an area of nearly 90,000 square miles. This territory is now perhaps the least known part of the once Dark Continent, but while the writer was actually engaged in the exploration of this country in 1920–1, the Naval Intelligence Division of the British Admiralty published two handbooks, the Manual of Portuguese East Africa and the Handbook of Portuguese Nyasaland, which with their extensive bibliographies contained practically everything that was known of that country up to that date (1920). These handbooks make it unnecessary in this paper to give detailed accounts of the work of previous explorers.

scholarly journals Issues in Sino-Indian Relations: Implications for Competition

2019 ◽  
Vol IV (II) ◽  
pp. 56-66
Author(s):  
Fakhr Ul Munir ◽  
SanaUllah ◽  
Anila
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Dalai Lama ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Indian Relations ◽  
India And China

India and China are the world's fast mounting economies influencing global politics affecting 2.5 billion of their subjects via their policies. Both states account for one-fifth of the total populace of the globe. Asia's overall progress, peace, prosperity and stability is directly influenced by the relations of these two Asian competitors. It is anticipated that by 2025, these states would be world's economies. However, bilateral disputes and enmity wield greater regional and global implications, which are intensely required to be resolved for the best and prosperous future. One of the most crucial aspects aggravating Sino-Indian relations is the asylum given to Dalai Lama and the status of Tibet. China has been assisting Pakistan economically and technically to build Gwadar Port, supporting Sri Lankan northern Hambantota Port, extending sustenance to Bangladesh's Chittagong Port, and furthering support to the Myanmar Port lying at the coastal region of the Indian Ocean. However, the strained relations for decades between India and China had given little space for healthy trade, increasing from 3 billion $ in 2000 to 20 billion $ in 2010.

Forty Years On

2019 ◽  
pp. 17-51
Author(s):  
Edward A. Alpers
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
East Africa ◽  
African Diaspora ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Indian Ocean World

Almost forty years ago, the author published an article on Gujarat and East Africa from the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries. Although several other scholars had written serious historical works either about or including Indian traders in eastern Africa in the modern period, at the time it was a pioneering piece for historians of East Africa. While the author has written and continues to write about the African diaspora in the Indian Ocean world and, more recently, the islands of this vast oceanic space now referred to as Indian Ocean Africa, he has not again written anything specifically about Gujarat and the Indian Ocean, nor about Gujarati traders in East Africa. This chapter attempts to review the last forty years of scholarship written in English on Gujarat and the Indian Ocean with a focus on transregional trade and traders. What is hoped from this overview is a sense of how current debates have developed over these decades and where further research is called for.

scholarly journals A 17-My-old whale constrains onset of uplift and climate change in east Africa

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (13) ◽  
pp. 3910-3915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Wichura ◽  
Louis L. Jacobs ◽  
Andrew Lin ◽  
Michael J. Polcyn ◽  
Fredrick K. Manthi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Beaked Whale ◽  
East African ◽  
Surface Uplift ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Mantle Processes ◽  
The Impact

Timing and magnitude of surface uplift are key to understanding the impact of crustal deformation and topographic growth on atmospheric circulation, environmental conditions, and surface processes. Uplift of the East African Plateau is linked to mantle processes, but paleoaltimetry data are too scarce to constrain plateau evolution and subsequent vertical motions associated with rifting. Here, we assess the paleotopographic implications of a beaked whale fossil (Ziphiidae) from the Turkana region of Kenya found 740 km inland from the present-day coastline of the Indian Ocean at an elevation of 620 m. The specimen is ∼17 My old and represents the oldest derived beaked whale known, consistent with molecular estimates of the emergence of modern strap-toothed whales (Mesoplodon). The whale traveled from the Indian Ocean inland along an eastward-directed drainage system controlled by the Cretaceous Anza Graben and was stranded slightly above sea level. Surface uplift from near sea level coincides with paleoclimatic change from a humid environment to highly variable and much drier conditions, which altered biotic communities and drove evolution in east Africa, including that of primates.

scholarly journals The Indian Ocean dipole ? the unsung driver of climatic variability in East Africa

2007 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Marchant ◽  
Cassian Mumbi ◽  
Swadhin Behera ◽  
Toshio Yamagata
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Indian Ocean Dipole ◽  
Climatic Variability ◽  
The Indian Ocean
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