scholarly journals Statistical HR Diagrams for One Hundred and Fifteen Thousand Proper-Motion Stars

1978 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 63-64
Author(s):  
Willem J. Luyten
Keyword(s):  
Proper Motion ◽  
Tangential Velocity ◽  
Complete Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Proper Motions ◽  
Real Situation ◽  
The Real ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The One ◽  
Hr Diagram

Since regular HR diagrams require apparent magnitudes, colors or spectra, and parallaxes, and such complete data are available for relatively few stars, there may be some advantage in making up diagrams which utilize proper motions instead of parallaxes, and are thus statistically similar to an HR diagram. The reduced proper motion, first used by Hertzsprung, is defined as H = m + 5 + 5log μ, but may also be written as H = M + 5log T, where T is the tangential velocity, and is expressed in astronomical units per year. A diagram plotting H against color will thus contain the considerable dispersion in tangential velocity which is a serious disadvantage. However, this is outweighed by two practical advantages. First the one and the same person who does the proper motion survey can, and does also determine the other two quantities needed. Second, when using data obtained from such a proper motion survey one deals, statistically, with all the stars within a given distance and the results, therefore, are much more representative of the real situation in space than many HR diagrams which often contain an unrealistic preponderance of giants.

The Importance of the Knowledge of the Communicative Situation for the Accuracy of Interpretation

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Дубинский ◽  
Vladimir Dubinskiy
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Real Situation ◽  
The Real ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

An interpreter should be aware of the communicative situation in order to give an adequate interpretation. On the one hand, an interpreter is not responsible for the content of the information to be translated. But on the other hand, he / she is responsible for the accuracy of interpretation. In such a mediative role the knowledge of the communicative situation is of great importance.The article considers the communicative situation as an object of the real intercourse on the basis of the interpretation of reports, speeches, discussions and other conversations, in which the participants of communication are the receivers of information.The knowledge of the situation helps the interpreter understand the speech intentions of the interlocutor and forsee possible utterances. The communicative situation predetermines the real situation which makes it possible for an interpreter to give an adequate translation.

scholarly journals On the Forecast of the Development of the Eurasian Economic Union

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jusup Pirimbaev ◽  
Zalkar Kamalov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Real Situation ◽  
The Real ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
The One ◽  
Development Prospects ◽  
Relationship Improvement

The course of economic integration within the framework of the EAEU is proceeding according to a plan outlined in a document on the Union’s development forecast until 2030, when first three countries were members of the EAEU - Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus. Later, two more countries joined the union - Armenia and Kyrgyzstan. Then based on the real situation, additional adjustments were made. Many problems remain that need to be solved precisely in the field of integration, which, on the one hand, cause the need for an accelerated approach, and on the other, raise doubts about the prospects of this alliance. The article is aimed to study the causes of disputes, identifying factors contributing to the unification of participants, and developing an objective vision of the Union’s development prospects. And also, based on the analysis of today’s relationships among the members of the Eurasian Economic Union, appropriate conclusions and recommendations will be made for further relationship improvement by considering the perspectives of voluntary joining of other countries into the Eurasian Economic Union.

scholarly journals The New Catalogue of Positions and Proper Motions of 5115 Bright Stars Compiled as the Result of the International “Bright Stars” Program

1995 ◽  
Vol 166 ◽  
pp. 353-353
Author(s):  
O.A. Molotaj ◽  
V.V. Tel'Nyuk-Adamchuk ◽  
N.A. Chernega ◽  
N.D. Kanivec'
Keyword(s):  
Proper Motion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Star System ◽  
Proper Motions ◽  
International Program ◽  
Motion System ◽  
Stellar Astronomy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The One

At Kyiv University Observatory, in accordance with IAU resolution, the Combined Catalogue of Positions and Proper Motions of 5115 Bright Stars in the FK5 system for Epoch and Equinox J2000.0 (BSC, see reference) has been compiled using 20 source catalogues obtained within the framework of ‘Bright Stars’ International Program. The source catalogs are Bordeaux-66, Bucharest-65, Bucharest-68, Belgrade-79, Cape-68, Kharkiv-70n, Kharkiv-70s, Kyiv-66, Kyiv-73, El Leoncito-70, Moscow-76, Mykolaiv-65, Perth-70, Perth-75, Santiago-65, Santiago-67, Strasbourg-65, Tashkent-64, Tokyo-68, Washington-66. The BSC accumulates around 30,000 source catalogue positions observed within 1960-1980. The standard errors of BSC do not exceed 0.1 arcsec and 0.25 arcsec/cy for positions and proper motions, respectively. The systematic differences between BSC and FK5 in positions for the mean BSC epoch 1970 as a rule do not exceed several hundredths of arcsec. A comparison of the BSC with the PPM catalogue indicates that in the latter the accuracy of positions and proper motions of the ordinary bright stars is slightly worse than that of average values given by the authors of the PPM. It is important to note that the comparison of the BSC with PPM for various star subsets shows deviations of both the HPS bright star system and the rest of the PPM bright stars, on the one hand, from the stars of the FK5 Extension contained in the PPM on the other hand. To examine the BSC proper motion system the stellar astronomy constants and correction to precession have been determined using the BSC proper motions. The parameters obtained agree with the standard ones. But the Oort constants are slightly smaller than those of standard.The BSC catalogue as a whole is acceptable for astrometry usage with respect to both accidental and systematic accuracy.

scholarly journals What can we tell about global auroral-electrojet activity from a single meridional magnetometer chain?

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1177-1185 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kauristie ◽  
T. I. Pulkkinen ◽  
R. J. Pellinen ◽  
H. J. Opgenoorth
Keyword(s):  
Relative Error ◽  
Statistical Study ◽  
Auroral Oval ◽  
Magnetic Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Real Situation ◽  
The Real ◽  
Global Indices ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Transient Variations

Abstract. The AE indices are generally used for monitoring the level of magnetic activity in the auroral oval region. In some cases, however, the oval is either so expanded or contracted that the latitudinal coverage of the AE magnetometer chain is not adequate. Then, a longitudinal chain in the key region would give more information of the real situation, but, of course, only during some limited UT-period. In order to find out the UT coverage of a single meridional chain, we have compared the global AL and AU indices with corresponding local indices determined using data from the meridional part of the EISCAT Magnetometer Cross during the years 1985–1987. A statistical study shows that the local indices are close (within relative error of 0.2) to the global AU and AL during periods 1500–2000 UT (~1730–2230 MLT) and 2130–0130 UT (~0000–0400 MLT), respectively. In the middle of these optimal MLT-sectors the EISCAT Cross sees more than 70% of the cases when the global AE chain records activity. Then, also the correlation between the local and global indices is generally good (>0.7). Thus we conclude that five to six evenly located meridional chains are needed for covering all the UT-periods. On the other hand, already the combination of IMAGE, CANOPUS, and the Greenland chains catches ~50% of the substorms. Case-studies show that usually during 2130–1100 UT the AL achieved from these chains reproduces the real AL with good timing, although it does not follow all transient variations.

Environmental control in remote areas: the case of the Soviet northlands, with an Alaskan comparison

Polar Record ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 20 (127) ◽  
pp. 329-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terence Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Real Situation ◽  
The Real ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Good Guide ◽  
The One ◽  
Soviet Experience

The object of trying to ascertain how environmental concerns are being faced in the Soviet northlands is twofold. On the one hand, it may be interesting to compare the Soviet experience with that of other countries having the same environment; on the other, these areas are very seldom visited, in particular by foreigners, so they are in no sense a shop window and may therefore be a good guide to the real situation in the country.

Hidden “holes” in the capital of banks and the supply of credit to the real sector of economy

2018 ◽  
pp. 49-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Mamonov
Keyword(s):  
Credit Risk ◽  
The Other ◽  
Real Sector ◽  
Capital Management ◽  
Loan Loss ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Real ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
The One

Our analysis documents that the existence of hidden “holes” in the capital of not yet failed banks - while creating intertemporal pressure on the actual level of capital - leads to changing of maturity of loans supplied rather than to contracting of their volume. Long-term loans decrease, whereas short-term loans rise - and, what is most remarkably, by approximately the same amounts. Standardly, the higher the maturity of loans the higher the credit risk and, thus, the more loan loss reserves (LLP) banks are forced to create, increasing the pressure on capital. Banks that already hide “holes” in the capital, but have not yet faced with license withdrawal, must possess strong incentives to shorten the maturity of supplied loans. On the one hand, it raises the turnovers of LLP and facilitates the flexibility of capital management; on the other hand, it allows increasing the speed of shifting of attracted deposits to loans to related parties in domestic or foreign jurisdictions. This enlarges the potential size of ex post revealed “hole” in the capital and, therefore, allows us to assume that not every loan might be viewed as a good for the economy: excessive short-term and insufficient long-term loans can produce the source for future losses.

scholarly journals Kinematics of Disk Stars in the Solar Neighbourhood

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 574-574
Author(s):  
A.E. Gómez ◽  
S. Grenier ◽  
S. Udry ◽  
M. Haywood ◽  
V. Sabas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dispersion Relation ◽  
Radial Velocity ◽  
Velocity Dispersion ◽  
Tangential Velocity ◽  
Thin Disk ◽  
The Other ◽  
Proper Motions ◽  
Velocity Data ◽  
Kinematic Data ◽  
Radial Velocity Data

Using Hipparcos parallaxes and proper motions together with radial velocity data and individual ages estimated from isochones, the velocity ellipsoid has been determined as a function of age. On the basis of the available kinematic data two different samples were considered: a first one (7789 stars) for which only tangential velocities were calculated and a second one containing 3104 stars with available U, V and W velocity components and total velocities ≤ 65 km.s-1. The main conclusions are: -Mixing is not complete at about 0.8-1 Gyr. -The shape of the velocity ellipsoid changes with time getting rounder from σu/σv/σ-w = 1/0.63/0.42 ± 0.04 at about 1 Gyr to1/0.7/0.62 ±0.04 at 4-5 Gyr. -The age-velocity-dispersion relation (from the sample with kinematical selection) rises to a maximum, thereafter remaining roughly constant; there is no dynamically significant evolution of the disk after about 4-5 Gyr. -Among the stars with solar metallicities and log(age) > 9.8 two groups are identified: one has typical thin disk characteristics, the other is older than 10 Gyr and lags the LSR at about 40 km.s-1 . -The variation of the tangential velocity with age(without selection on the tangential velocity) shows a discontinuity at about 10 Gyr, which may be attributed to stars typically of the thick disk populations for ages > 10 Gyr.

Cycles in symbol production? A new model to explain concentration, diversity and innovation in the music industry

Popular Music ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Christianen
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Music Industry ◽  
The Other ◽  
Recording Industry ◽  
Cultural Goods ◽  
New Model ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The One

With the publication of the article ‘Cycles in symbol production’ (Peterson and Berger 1975) a discussion started concerning the advantages and disadvantages of the production of cultural goods under market conditions. The analysis by Peterson and Berger showed a negative correlation between concentration in the recording industry, on the one hand, and the diversity and innovativeness of the music, on the other. Repetition of the analysis using data from the 1980s (Burnett 1990; Lopes 1992) has shown that for this period Peterson and Berger's hypotheses should be rejected. Is there a connection between concentration and diversity and innovation? Are there cycles in symbol production? There seems to be no conclusive answer. In this article, I will attempt to clear up this matter. First, I will repeat the analysis of the relation between concentration and diversity/innovation, using the same model as Peterson and Berger, but with different definitions for the variables concentration, diversity and innovation. Then I will suggest a new model, which can be helpful in uncovering other factors influencing diversity and innovation in the music industry. I will come to that later. Let me first give the reader a brief overview of previous research.

On indirect Methods of acquiring Knowledge - The Method of History. - The First Table of Mortality

1851 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Edwin James Farren
Keyword(s):  
Real Line ◽  
English Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
Adult Student ◽  
Indirect Methods ◽  
The Real ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Point To Point ◽  
The One

The term scholar, as current in the English language, has two extreme acceptations, tyro and proficient; or what the later Greeks fancifully termed the alpha and omega of acquirement. If we attempt to trace the steps by which even the adult student of any especial branch of professional or literary knowledge has fairly passed the boundary defined by the one meaning in passing on to that position denoted by the other, it will commonly be found, that in place of that lucid order, that straight line from point to point, which theory and resolve generally premise, the real order of acquirement has been desultory—the real line of progression, circuitous and uncertain.

scholarly journals The “Establishment”, the “Élites”, and the “People”

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Wodak
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
The Real ◽  
The People ◽  
Politics Of Fear ◽  
The One ◽  
Disenchantment With Politics

Abstract In this paper, I discuss the attempt by all right-wing populist parties to create, on the one hand, the ‘real’ and ‘true’ people; and on the other, the ‘élites’ or ‘the establishment’ who are excluded from the true demos. Such divisions, as will be elaborated in detail, have emerged in many societies over centuries and decades. A brief example of the arbitrary construction of opposing groups illustrates the intricacies of such populist reasoning. Furthermore, I pose the question why such divisions resonate so well in many countries? I argue that – apart from a politics of fear (Wodak 2015) – much resentment is evoked which could be viewed as both accompanying as well as a reaction to the disenchantment with politics and the growing inequalities in globalized capitalist societies.

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