Multiwavelength Observations of Galactic Winds: Near and Far

This paper provides a critical discussion of the observational evidence for winds in our own Galaxy, in nearby star-forming and active galaxies, and in the high-redshift universe. The implications of galactic winds on the formation and evolution of galaxies and the intergalactic medium are briefly discussed. A number of observational challenges are mentioned to inspire future research directions.

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A Review of the Theory of Galactic Winds Driven by Stellar Feedback

Galaxies ◽

10.3390/galaxies6040114 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 114 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Dong Zhang

Keyword(s):

Galaxy Formation ◽

Mass Function ◽

Future Research ◽

Star Forming ◽

Stellar Feedback ◽

Galactic Winds ◽

Galaxy Formation And Evolution ◽

Supernova Explosions ◽

Formation And Evolution ◽

Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations

Galactic winds from star-forming galaxies are crucial to the process of galaxy formation and evolution, regulating star formation, shaping the stellar mass function and the mass-metallicity relation, and enriching the intergalactic medium with metals. Galactic winds associated with stellar feedback may be driven by overlapping supernova explosions, radiation pressure of starlight on dust grains, and cosmic rays. Galactic winds are multiphase, the growing observations of emission and absorption of cold molecular, cool atomic, ionized warm and hot outflowing gas in a large number of galaxies have not been completely understood. In this review article, I summarize the possible mechanisms associated with stars to launch galactic winds, and review the multidimensional hydrodynamic, radiation hydrodynamic and magnetohydrodynamic simulations of winds based on various algorithms. I also briefly discuss the theoretical challenges and possible future research directions.

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Review article: The hydrology of debris-covered glaciers – state of the science and future research directions

10.5194/tc-2017-210 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Katie E. Miles ◽

Bryn Hubbard ◽

Tristam D. L. Irvine-Fynn ◽

Evan S. Miles ◽

Duncan J. Quincey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Elevation ◽

Future Research ◽

Research Directions ◽

Current State ◽

Drainage Networks ◽

Future Research Directions ◽

Formation And Evolution ◽

Downstream Communities ◽

State Of The Science ◽

The Himalaya

Abstract. Debris-covered glaciers (DCGs) are characterised by distinct hydrological systems that differ fundamentally from those observed on clean-ice valley glaciers. To date, most studies of DCG hydrology have focused on supraglacial hydrology, given that surface streams are broadly accessible and repeat observations can lead to conceptual models of channel evolution. Few have characterised englacial conduits and their layout, and none have directly investigated potential subglacial drainage networks in any setting. In this review, we summarise the current state of knowledge relating to DCG hydrology with a global focus, and present our own field observations to illustrate the distinct nature of DCG landforms on a receding high-elevation glacier in the Himalaya. We draw on recent work that has gone some way towards providing a process-based understanding of the formation and evolution of englacial and subglacial hydrological pathways and consider the role that DCG hydrology plays in regulating water supplies to downstream communities, contrasting this information with clean-ice examples. We conclude by identifying important knowledge gaps that might be considered priorities for future research into DCG hydrology.

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