Palaeolithic Archaeology in the Mongolian People's Republic; A Report on the state of the art.

Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society ◽

10.1017/s0079497x00007441 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 50 ◽

pp. 23-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Myra Shackley

Keyword(s):

Late Pleistocene ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Northern China ◽

The State ◽

Short Paper ◽

Middle Palaeolithic ◽

Form Part ◽

Palaeolithic Archaeology

This short paper summarizes current knowledge concerning the palaeolithic archaeology of the Mongolian People's Republic (‘Outer Mongolia’), although the paucity of well-documented assemblages and stratified sites makes it impossible to do more than comment on the nature of the material. A few early sites can be assigned to the Acheulean technocomplex and the Kazantsevo interglacial, but there is a more extensive group of surface middle palaeolithic assemblages in the Altai-Gobi area with close and dated typological parallels in northern China. At some of these localities, for example Arts Bogd in the southern Gobi, the first beginnings of the microblade tradition which characterizes the later Shabarakh complex of sites may be seen. These later sites, which form part of a remarkably uniform circumpolar epipalaeolithic dating to between 20–11,000 BP, are associated with the gradual Late Pleistocene desertification of the Gobi.

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Is the diversity of the Beach Flies adequately known? Some notes on the state of the art of current knowledge (Diptera: Canacidae)

Bollettino della Società Entomologica Italiana ◽

10.4081/bollettinosei.2015.99 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 99-111

Author(s):

Lorenzo Munari

Keyword(s):

Bay Of Bengal ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Neotropical Region ◽

West African ◽

The State ◽

South American ◽

The West ◽

Scientific Institutions ◽

The World

An overview of the major zoogeographical gaps in our knowledge of the world beach flies (subfamilies Apetaeninae, Horaismopterinae, Pelomyiinae, and Tethininae) is provided. The identified areas treated in this work are as follows: the subarctic Beringia, the South American circum-Antarctic islands, the Neotropical Region south of the equator, most of the West African seacoasts, the huge area ranging from India, across the Bay of Bengal, to Sumatra and Java, and most of Australia. Apart from the inhospitable northernmost and southernmost areas of the planet, which feature a real very low biodiversity, the remaining vast areas dealt with in this work woefully suffer a dramatic paucity of field collections, as well as of previously collected materials preserved in scientific institutions. This might seem a truism that, however, must be emphasized in order to unequivocally identify the geographic areas that need to be further investigated

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applications with earlier priority dates published after the invention’s priority date. (Such applications form part of the state of the art when considering novelty.) Section 3 provides:

Sourcebook on Intellectual Property Law ◽

10.4324/9781843142928-40 ◽

1997 ◽

pp. 190-198

Keyword(s):

State Of The Art ◽

The State ◽

Form Part ◽

Priority Date

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The State of the Art in Methodologies of Course Recommender Systems—A Review of Recent Research

Data ◽

10.3390/data6020018 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 18

Author(s):

Deepani B. Guruge ◽

Rajan Kadel ◽

Sharly J. Halder

Keyword(s):

Recommender Systems ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Research Literature ◽

The State ◽

Knowledge Based ◽

Emerging Trends ◽

Wide Range ◽

Research Findings ◽

Research Outcome

In recent years, education institutions have offered a wide range of course selections with overlaps. This presents significant challenges to students in selecting successful courses that match their current knowledge and personal goals. Although many studies have been conducted on Recommender Systems (RS), a review of methodologies used in course RS is still insufficiently explored. To fill this literature gap, this paper presents the state of the art of methodologies used in course RS along with the summary of the types of data sources used to evaluate these techniques. This review aims to recognize emerging trends in course RS techniques in recent research literature to deliver insights for researchers for further investigation. We provide a systematic review process followed by research findings on the current methodologies implemented in different course RS in selected research journals such as: collaborative, content-based, knowledge-based, Data Mining (DM), hybrid, statistical and Conversational RS (CRS). This study analyzed publications between 2016 and June 2020, in three repositories; IEEE Xplore, ACM, and Google Scholar. These papers were explored and classified based on the methodology used in recommending courses. This review has revealed that there is a growing popularity in hybrid course RS and followed by DM techniques in recent publications. However, few CRS-based course RS were present in the selected publications. Finally, we discussed future avenues based on the research outcome, which might lead to next-generation course RS.

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Luminescence ages for three ‘Middle Palaeolithic’ sites in the Nihewan Basin, northern China, and their archaeological and palaeoenvironmental implications

Quaternary Research ◽

10.1016/j.yqres.2016.03.002 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 85 (3) ◽

pp. 456-470 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Yu-Jie Guo ◽

Bo Li ◽

Jia-Fu Zhang ◽

Bao-Yin Yuan ◽

Fei Xie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

North China ◽

Northern China ◽

Luminescence Dating ◽

Stratigraphic Correlation ◽

Middle Palaeolithic ◽

Nihewan Basin ◽

Dating Methods ◽

Cultural Layers ◽

Lower Palaeolithic ◽

Palaeolithic Archaeology

The Nihewan Basin is a key region for studying the Palaeolithic archaeology of East Asia. However, because of the lack of suitable dating methods and representative lithic technologies in this region, the ‘Middle Palaeolithic’ sites in this basin have been designated based mainly on stratigraphic correlation, which may be unreliable. In this study, three Palaeolithic sites, Motianling, Queergou and Banjingzi, which have been assigned previously to the ‘Middle Palaeolithic’, are dated based on luminescence dating of K-feldspar grains. Our results show that the cultural layers at Motianling, Queergou and Banjingzi have ages of 315 ± 13, 268 ± 13 and 86 ± 4 ka (corresponding to Marine Isotope Stages 9, 8 and 5), respectively, suggesting that Motianling and Queergou should be assigned to the Lower Palaeolithic, while the age of Banjingzi is consistent with a Middle Palaeolithic attribution. Our results suggest that reassessing the age of ‘Middle Palaeolithic’ sites in the Nihewan Basin, and elsewhere in North China, is crucial for understanding the presence or absence of the Middle Palaeolithic phase in China. Our dating results also indicate that the Sanggan River developed sometime between about 270 and 86 ka ago.

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Toward the Enhancement of Microalgal Metabolite Production through Microalgae–Bacteria Consortia

Biology ◽

10.3390/biology10040282 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 282

Author(s):

Lina Maria González-González ◽

Luz E. de-Bashan

Keyword(s):

State Of The Art ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Negative Energy ◽

Sustainable Production ◽

The State ◽

Metabolite Production ◽

Production Processes ◽

Growth Promoting ◽

Energy Balances ◽

Microalgae Growth

Engineered mutualistic consortia of microalgae and bacteria may be a means of assembling a novel combination of metabolic capabilities with potential biotechnological advantages. Microalgae are promising organisms for the sustainable production of metabolites of commercial interest, such as lipids, carbohydrates, pigments, and proteins. Several studies reveal that microalgae growth and cellular storage of these metabolites can be enhanced significantly by co-cultivation with growth-promoting bacteria. This review summarizes the state of the art of microalgae–bacteria consortia for the production of microalgal metabolites. We discuss the current knowledge on microalgae–bacteria mutualism and the mechanisms of bacteria to enhance microalgae metabolism. Furthermore, the potential routes for a microalgae–bacteria biorefinery are outlined in an attempt to overcome the economic failures and negative energy balances of the existing production processes.

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Testing Gravitational Theories in the Field of the Earth with the SaToR-G Experiment

Universe ◽

10.3390/universe7060192 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (6) ◽

pp. 192

Author(s):

David Lucchesi ◽

Luciano Anselmo ◽

Massimo Bassan ◽

Marco Lucente ◽

Carmelo Magnafico ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Relativity ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Slow Motion ◽

Weak Field ◽

New Physics ◽

The State ◽

The Earth ◽

Gravitational Theories ◽

Theories Of Gravitation

A new satellite-based experiment in the field of gravitation, SaToR-G, is presented. It aims to compare the predictions of different theories of gravitation in the limit of weak-field and slow-motion. The ultimate goal of SaToR-G is searching for possible “new physics” beyond General Relativity, which represent the state-of-the-art of our current knowledge of gravitational physics. A key role in the above perspective is the theoretical and experimental framework that confines our work. To this end, we will exploit as much as possible the classical framework suggested by R.H. Dicke over fifty years ago.

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Practical Picture Processing

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100051700 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 338-339

Author(s):

T. A. Welton

Keyword(s):

Radiation Damage ◽

Coherence Length ◽

Spatial Information ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Coherent Radiation ◽

The State ◽

Energy Spread ◽

Electron Micrograph ◽

Picture Processing ◽

Molecular Skeleton

Various authors have emphasized the spatial information resident in an electron micrograph taken with adequately coherent radiation. In view of the completion of at least one such instrument, this opportunity is taken to summarize the state of the art of processing such micrographs. We use the usual symbols for the aberration coefficients, and supplement these with £ and 6 for the transverse coherence length and the fractional energy spread respectively. He also assume a weak, biologically interesting sample, with principal interest lying in the molecular skeleton remaining after obvious hydrogen loss and other radiation damage has occurred.

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