Infection Control Programs in Twelve North Carolina Extended Care Facilities

1985 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 437-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loraine E. Price ◽  
Felix A. Sarubbi ◽  
William A. Rutala
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Tuberculosis Screening ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Infection Surveillance ◽  
Extended Care ◽  
Infection Control Practitioner ◽  
Care Facilities

AbstractTo assess the scope of infection control programs in extended care facilities, 1-day surveys were conducted in 12 North Carolina facilities over an 8-month period using a standardized questionnaire. All 12 facilities had a designated infection control practitioner (ICP), although none had attended an infection control education course. Eleven had an Infection Control Committee of which 8 (73%) met regularly. The Director of Nurses generally (58%) was the ICP and spent about 2 hr/wk on infection control. Ten (83%) facilities conducted infection surveillance among residents but did not accurately compute nosocomial infection rates. Eleven (92%) facilities had employee health programs that included preemployment and annual tuberculosis screening. None had a comprehensive resident health program. Infection control aspects of patient care practices often varied from facility to facility. Nosocomial infection surveillance among 336 residents in 9 facilities using modified CDC criteria revealed an overall prevalence rate of 5.4%. Additional infections were suspected but not included because of limitations of laboratory data and chart documentation.

Surveillance Strategies: A Primer

1987 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 459-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias Abrutyn ◽  
George H. Talbot
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Infection Surveillance ◽  
Surveillance Programs ◽  
And Control

The Centers for Disease Control's Study on the Efficacy of Nosocomial Infection Control (SENIC) showed that infection surveillance and control activities are associated with a decrease in nosocomial infection rates. Moreover, the intensity of activity correlated with the magnitude of the fall in infection rates. These results, plus the guidelines of regulatory agencies, mandate that infection control programs conduct surveillance activities. However, absolute standards for the content and nature of surveillance programs have not been established, and many descriptions of different types of surveillance programs are available. In this primer, we describe the considerations involved in development of a surveillance program with emphasis on issues concerning data collection.Langmuir considers surveillance when applied to disease as meaning the collection of data, the analysis of those data, and the distribution of the resulting information to those needing to know. The definition implies that surveillance is observational and that surveillance activities should be clearly separated from other related activities such as control measures. The latter activities, including their initiation, approval, and funding, are administrative matters underpinned by a scientific base that are undertaken by the recipients of the surveillance data and their analyses. They should be clearly separated from surveillance activities per se. There is also the implication that action results from surveillance; surveillance without action should be abandoned.

Development and Application of Evaluation Indices for Hospital Infection Surveillance and Control Programs in the Republic of Korea

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyang Soon Oh ◽  
Hae Won Cheong ◽  
Seung Eun Yi ◽  
Ho Kim ◽  
Kang Won Choe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
General Hospitals ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Infection Surveillance ◽  
Infection Control Nurse ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Control

Objective.To develop new evaluation indices of infection control and to use them to evaluate Korean infection surveillance and control programs (ISCPs).Design.We performed a questionnaire-based survey to 164 acute care general hospitals throughout the Republic of Korea that had more than 300 beds. Study methods were based completely on those of the Study on the Efficacy of Nosocomial Infection Control (SENIC). Four SENIC indices (hospital epidemiologist index, infection control nurse index, surveillance index, and control index) and 4 newly developed indices (healthcare worker index, quality improvement index, resource index, and hand hygiene facilities index) were used to evaluate Korean ISCPs. Data were collected by questionnaire from June 17 to October 11, 2003.Setting.One hundred sixty-four general hospitals with more than 300 beds in the Republic of Korea.Results.Personnel from 85 general hospitals responded to the study questionnaire. The reliability and validity of the evaluation indices were statistically significant (P<.05). The 8 evaluation indices were categorized into 2 factor groups: personnel factors (hospital epidemiologist index and infection control nurse index) and activity factors (the remaining 6 indices). Korean ISCPs showed a major weakness in surveillance. The scores for the newly developed evaluation indices were better than those for the SENIC evaluation indices. However, most Korean hospitals were estimated to have had only slight reductions in nosocomial infection rates. The evaluation indices were influenced significantly by the number of beds in the hospital, whether the hospital was located in the Seoul-Gyonggi region, the presence of full-time infection control nurses at the hospital, the education level of the infection control nurses, and the nurses' experience in infection control (P<.05).Conclusions.The reliability and validity of the SENIC evaluation indices and the newly developed evaluation indices were satisfactory in evaluating Korean ISCPs. However, surveillance should be improved to increase the efficacy of Korean ISCPs.

Current status of nosocomial infection control in extended care facilities

1991 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. S281-S285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip W. Smith ◽  
Pamela B. Daly ◽  
Jane S. Roccaforte
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Extended Care ◽  
Care Facilities

Infection Control in Pediatric Extended Care Facilities

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 598-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo-Ann S. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Residential Care Facilities ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Specialty Hospitals ◽  
Policies And Procedures ◽  
Extended Care ◽  
Care Facilities

Pediatric extended care facilities provide for the biopsychosocial needs of patients younger than 21 years of age who have sustained self-care deficits. These facilities include long-term and residential care facilities, chronic disease and specialty hospitals, and residential schools. Infection control policies and procedures developed for adult long-term care facilities, primarily nursing homes for elderly people, are not applicable to long-term care facilities that serve pediatric patients. This article reviews the characteristics of pediatric extended care facilities and their residents, and the epidemic and endemic nosocomial infections, infection control programs, and antimicrobial resistance profiles found in pediatric extended care facilities.

scholarly journals Infection Control in Acute Care Facilities: Evidence-Based Patient Safety

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay E Nicolle
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Epidemiological Analysis ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Surveillance Programs ◽  
Acute Care Facilities ◽  
Program Components ◽  
And Control

Infection control in acute care facilities has a noble history. These programs were born of the nosocomial penicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusoutbreaks in the post-World War II era. Over the past four decades, an impressive body of evidence has emerged that documents the effectiveness of infection control programs and systematically evaluates specific program components. Fumigation, tacky floor mats, shoe covers and 'reverse' isolation have disappeared. They are replaced by focused surveillance programs, prophylactic antimicrobial therapy, outbreak investigation and control, routine barrier practices and molecular typing of organisms for epidemiological analysis.

What is the Status of Infection Control Programs in Long-Term Care Facilities?

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. S164
Author(s):  
Colleen Roberts ◽  
Katherine Buechel ◽  
Kelley Tobey ◽  
Pamela Talley ◽  
Marion Kainer
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
The Status

How Frequent Are Outbreaks of Nosocomial Infection in Community Hospitals?

1985 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 233-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Haley ◽  
James H. Tenney ◽  
James O. Lindsey ◽  
Julia S. Garner ◽  
John V. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Community Hospital ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Community Hospitals ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Site Investigations ◽  
And Control

AbstractA statistical algorithm was used to identify potentially important clusters among nosocomial infections reported each month by 7 community hospitals. Epidemiologic review and on-site investigations distinguished outbreaks of clinical disease from factitious clusters. In 1 year, 8 outbreaks were confirmed. They involved 82 patients—approximately 2% of patients with nosocomial infections and 0.09% of all discharges. One true outbreak occurred for every 12,000 discharges—at least 1 outbreak per year for the average community hospital. Five (63%) outbreaks were recognized independently by the hospitals' infection control personnel. Four (50%) resolved spontaneously; the hospitals' own control measures were necessary in 2; and 2 resolved only after an outside investigation. Organized surveillance appears necessary to detect some outbreaks, and control measures are needed to stop many. Since, however, outbreaks account for such a small proportion of nosocomial infections, infection control programs should be sufficiently staffed and managed so that most of the effort is directed toward the surveillance and control of endemic infection problems, but with adequate resources remaining to respond to outbreaks when they occur.

The Role of the Laboratory in Control of Nosocomial Infection

1984 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. McGowan
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Clinical Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Etiologic Agents ◽  
Hospital Infection Control ◽  
Infection Control Committee

AbstractNosocomial (hospital-associated) infection continues to represent a major problem for hospitals. Gram-negative aerobic bacilli continue to be identified most frequently as etiologic agents, but a number of new pathogens now are recognized to play a role. The persons responsible for infection control efforts and in charge of the clinical microbiology laboratory (frequently the same person) must cooperate closely to attack this problem. The role of the laboratory in attempts to minimize occurrence of nosocomial infection involves six aspects: 1) accurate identification of responsible organisms, 2) timely reporting of laboratory data, 3) provision of additional studies, when necessary, to establish similarity or difference of organisms, 4) provision, on occasion, of microbiologic studies of the hospital environment, 5) training of infection control personnel, and 6) participation in activities of the hospital infection control committee.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Nosocomial Infection Control Programs in health services

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayra Gonçalves Menegueti ◽  
Silvia Rita Marin da Silva Canini ◽  
Fernando Bellissimo-Rodrigues ◽  
Ana Maria Laus
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Prevention Of Nosocomial Infection ◽  
And Control ◽  
Mean Compliance

OBJECTIVES: to evaluate the Nosocomial Infection Control Programs in hospital institutions regarding structure and process indicators.METHOD: this is a descriptive, exploratory and quantitative study conducted in 2013. The study population comprised 13 Nosocomial Infection Control Programs of health services in a Brazilian city of the state of São Paulo. Public domain instruments available in the Manual of Evaluation Indicators of Nosocomial Infection Control Practices were used.RESULTS: The indicators with the highest average compliance were "Evaluation of the Structure of the Nosocomial Infection Control Programs" (75%) and "Evaluation of the Epidemiological Surveillance System of Nosocomial Infection" (82%) and those with the lowest mean compliance scores were "Evaluation of Operational Guidelines" (58.97%) and "Evaluation of Activities of Control and Prevention of Nosocomial Infection" (60.29%).CONCLUSION: The use of indicators identified that, despite having produced knowledge about prevention and control of nosocomial infections, there is still a large gap between the practice and the recommendations.

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