scholarly journals AN ECONOMIC MODEL OF SCHOOL-BASED BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS TO PREVENT SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Cooper ◽  
Jonathan Shepherd ◽  
Jo Picot ◽  
Jeremy Jones ◽  
Josephine Kavanagh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Young People ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
School Based ◽  
Life Years

Objectives: Reducing sexually transmitted infections (STI) and teenage pregnancy through effective health education is a high priority for health policy. Behavioral interventions which teach skills to practice safer sex may reduce the incidence of STIs. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of school-based behavioral interventions in young people.Methods: We developed an economic model to estimate the total number of STI cases averted, consequent gain in health related quality of life (HRQoL) and savings in medical costs, based on changes in sexual behavior. The parameters for the model were derived from a systematic literature search on the intervention effectiveness, epidemiology of STIs, sexual behavior and lifestyles, HRQoL and health service costs.Results: The costs of providing teacher-led and peer-led behavioral interventions were €5.16 and €18 per pupil, respectively. For a cohort of 1000 boys and 1000 girls aged 15 years, the model estimated that the behavioral interventions would avert two STI cases and save 0.35 Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALYs). Compared to standard education, the incremental cost-effectiveness of the teacher-led and peer-led interventions was €24,268 and €96,938 per QALY gained, respectively.Conclusions: School-based behavioral interventions which provide information and teach young people sexual health skills can bring about improvements in knowledge and increased self-efficacy, though these may be limited in terms of impact on sexual behavior. There was uncertainty around the results due to the limited effect of the intervention on behavioral outcomes and paucity of data for other input parameters.

scholarly journals Risky sexual behavior and knowledge about sexually transmitted infections among the young people

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 265-271
Author(s):  
Mladen Popov ◽  
Sasa Vojinov ◽  
Ivan Levakov ◽  
Dragan Grbic ◽  
Dimitrije Jeremic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Young People ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

Introduction. In recent years, there has been a growing global trend in the number of people with pathogens of sexually transmitted infections. There is a worldwide lack of data on the prevalence and incidence of sexually transmitted infections in the general population, especially among the high school students. Material and Methods. We conducted a cross sectional study on attitudes and knowledge of young people about sexually transmitted infections. The survey population included young people aged 14 to 20 years attending a high school in the city of Novi Sad. The data were collected through a questionnaire. Results. The percentage of students with signs and symptoms of sexually transmitted infections was higher among the students who did not use a condom during the last sexual intercourse compared to the students who used a condom. Conclusion. Young people engaging in risky sexual behavior showed better knowledge about sexually transmitted infections in comparison to young people who did not engage in risky sexual behavior.

scholarly journals Modelling-based evaluation of the costs, benefits and cost-effectiveness of multipathogen point-of-care tests for sexually transmitted infections in symptomatic genitourinary medicine clinic attendees

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. e020394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susie E Huntington ◽  
Richéal M Burns ◽  
Emma Harding-Esch ◽  
Michael J Harvey ◽  
Rachel Hill-Tout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Genitourinary Medicine ◽  
Point Of Care Tests

ObjectivesTo quantify the costs, benefits and cost-effectiveness of three multipathogen point-of-care (POC) testing strategies for detecting common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) compared with standard laboratory testing.DesignModelling study.SettingGenitourinary medicine (GUM) services in England.PopulationA hypothetical cohort of 965 988 people, representing the annual number attending GUM services symptomatic of lower genitourinary tract infection.InterventionsThe decision tree model considered costs and reimbursement to GUM services associated with diagnosing and managing STIs. Three strategies using hypothetical point-of-care tests (POCTs) were compared with standard care (SC) using laboratory-based testing. The strategies were: A) dual POCT forChlamydia trachomatis(CT) andNeisseria gonorrhoeae(NG); B) triplex POCT for CT-NG andMycoplasma genitalium(MG); C) quadruplex POCT for CT-NG-MG andTrichomonas vaginalis(TV). Data came from published literature and unpublished estimates.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrimary outcomes were total costs and benefits (quality-adjusted life years (QALYs)) for each strategy (2016 GB, £) and associated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) between each of the POC strategies and SC. Secondary outcomes were inappropriate treatment of STIs, onward STI transmission, pelvic inflammatory disease in women, time to cure and total attendances.ResultsIn the base-case analysis, POC strategy C, a quadruplex POCT, was the most cost-effective relative to the other strategies, with an ICER of £36 585 per QALY gained compared with SC when using microcosting, and cost-savings of £26 451 382 when using tariff costing. POC strategy C also generated the most benefits, with 240 467 fewer clinic attendances, 808 fewer onward STI transmissions and 235 135 averted inappropriate treatments compared with SC.ConclusionsMany benefits can be achieved by using multipathogen POCTs to improve STI diagnosis and management. Further evidence is needed on the underlying prevalence of STIs and SC delivery in the UK to reduce uncertainty in economic analyses.

scholarly journals Features of sexual behaviour of young people that determine the increase in the incidence of sexually transmitted infections (sti) in the Republic of Tajikistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
N. T. Kurbanov
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Young People ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Relationships ◽  
Sexual Life ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Typical Sample

Aim. To identify the features of the sexual behavior of young people that cause the spread of sexually transmitted infections.Material and methods. A questionnaire was developed and a survey was conducted among 500 men and women that belong to various social groups of the population. The age of participants was 18 - 30 years and they were coming from 4 districts of republican subordination. The survey was based on a typical sample of the mentioned age group. Collected data were statistically processed using MS OFFICE 2007 packages.Results and discussion. It was found that the awareness of respondents about sexually transmitted infections and measures for their prevention remains at a very low level. More than 21.0% of respondents have active sexual life, and at least one in five does not associate this with the possible realization of the risk of contracting STIs / HIV / AIDS. About 17.0% of young people believe that if they become infected with these diseases, they will seek medical help only from their friends, physicians that they are familiar with, and paramedics.Conclusion. It is known for a fact that virtually all models of sexual behavior and all types of sexual relationships are present among young people today. However, in Tajikistan, there are certain features of the sexual behavior of young people (polygamy and civil marriage). A low level of knowledge and the need to raise awareness among adolescents and young people about the negative consequences of risky sexual behavior have been established.

scholarly journals Risk of sexually transmitted Zika virus in a cohort of economically disadvantaged urban residents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan P Aguilar Ticona ◽  
Huma Baig ◽  
Nivison Nery Jr. ◽  
Simon Doss-Gollin ◽  
Gielson A Sacramento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Urban Community ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Zikv Infection ◽  
Retrospective Survey ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract In order to understand the disease burden of sexually transmitted Zika virus (ZIKV), we prospectively followed a cohort of 359 adult and adolescent residents of an urban community in Salvador, Brazil through the 2015 ZIKV epidemic. Later, in 2017, we used a retrospective survey to associate sexual behavior during the epidemic with ZIKV infection as defined by IgG3-NS1 ELISA. We found that males who engaged in casual sexual encounters during the epidemic were more likely (ORa=6.2; 95%CI 1.2–64.1) to be ZIKV positive, suggesting that specific groups may be at increased risk of sexually transmitted infections.

Patterns of Caribbean Masculinities and Condom Compliance Among Males in Grenada

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Hegamin-Younger ◽  
Rohan Jeremiah ◽  
Nicole Bilbro
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Safe Sex ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Island States ◽  
Hiv Aids

The construction of Caribbean male identities based on ideas of masculinity has raised widespread concerns across the island states, and in a region with such high rates of teenage pregnancy (18%), stigmatizing safe sex, contraception, and HIV/AIDS prevalence can only exacerbate the problem. The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which males use condoms and to explore the association of condom use with their concern with acquiring and transmission of sexually transmitted infections.

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