DIRECT COSTS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES: A BRAZILIAN COST-OF-ILLNESS STUDY

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Saad Henriques ◽  
Laiza Maria Steimbach ◽  
Deise Regina Baptista ◽  
Luana Lenzi ◽  
Fernanda S. Tonin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cost Of Illness ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Direct Costs ◽  
Median Cost ◽  
United States Dollar ◽  
Illness Study ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Of Illness Study

Objectives:The aim of this study was to evaluate the direct costs of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients treated in a Brazilian public hospital.Methods:This was an exploratory retrospective cost-of-illness study with quantitative approach, using medical records of patients treated in a public hospital (2012–14), with at least one consultation over a period of 12 months. Data on patient's profile, exams, number of consultations, medications, hospitalizations, and comorbidities were collected. The cost per patient per year (pppy) was calculated as well as the costs related to glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values, using thresholds of 7 and 8 percent.Results:Data of 726 patients were collected with mean age of 62 ± 11 years (68.3 percent female). A total of 67.1 percent presented HbA1c > 7 percent and 44.9 percent > 8 percent. The median cost of diabetes was United States dollar (USD) 197 pppy. The median costs of medication were USD 152.49 pppy, while costs of exams and consultations were USD 40.57 pppy and 8.70 pppy, respectively. Thirty-eight patients (4 percent) were hospitalized and presented a median cost of 3,656 per patient per hospitalization with a cost equivalent to 53.1 percent of total expenses. Total costs of patients with HbA1c ≤ 7 percent were lower for this group and also costs of medications and consultations, whereas for patients with HbA1c ≤ 8 percent, only total costs and costs of medications were lower when compared with HbA1c > 8 percent patients.Conclusions:Medications and hospitalizations were the major contributor of diabetes expenses. Preventing T2DM, or reducing its complications through adequate control, may help avoid the substantial costs related to this disease.

scholarly journals Cost-of-Illness Study of Diabetes Mellitus: Focus on Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. GRHTA.5000209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Pirolo ◽  
Alessandra Bettiol ◽  
Jenny Bolcato ◽  
Giulia Franchin ◽  
Paola Deambrosis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cost Of Illness ◽  
Illness Study ◽  
Cost Of Illness Study

scholarly journals PDB49 - TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS IN ALGERIA – A COST OF ILLNESS STUDY

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. S126
Author(s):  
R. Oulad abdallah ◽  
R. Boukana ◽  
W. Loumi ◽  
E. Nebchi ◽  
A. Mimene
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cost Of Illness ◽  
Illness Study ◽  
Cost Of Illness Study

scholarly journals A COST OF ILLNESS STUDY OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS IN MANGALORE, KARNATAKA, INDIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Usha Adiga ◽  
Sachidananda Adiga
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cost Of Illness ◽  
Pharmacy Cost ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Medical Academy ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
Illness Study ◽  
Intervention Costs ◽  
The Cost

Objective: The aim of the study was to study the cost of illness of uncomplicated and complicated type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: The non-interventional retrospective study was carried out in K.S. Hegde Medical Academy. Annual laboratory costs, pharmacy cost, consultation charges, hospital bed charges, and surgical/intervention costs of 340 diabetic patients were obtained from the medical record section of the hospital. Patients were divided into six groups, uncomplicated, diabetic retinopathy (DR), nephropathy, neuropathy, diabetic foot (DF), and those with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and different costs were compared. Correlation of costs with duration of the study and glycemic control were studied.Results: Uncomplicated patients had significantly lower costs (p<0.0001) compared to other groups. Patients with IHD had highest expenses (p<0.0001), followed by diabetic nephropathy (DN) and DF (p<0.0001). Cost incurred in diabetic neuropathy (DNeu) was almost the double compared to uncomplicated group, but annual medical cost (AMC) was minimum among other diabetic complications. DR had higher expenses compared to DNeu. The similar pattern of distribution was observed in other individual costs. A positive correlation was observed between the costs incurred and duration of diabetes, a negative correlation between the glycemic status and cost incurred. Cost incurred was double when compared to that of previous decade.Conclusion: The total AMC is significantly higher in complicated diabetic patients as compared to those without complications. Diabetic patients with IHD had the highest expenses, followed by DN, DF, DR, and DNeu which was least expensive.

scholarly journals Type 2 diabetes mellitus in Bangladesh: a prevalence based cost-of-illness study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Afsana Afroz ◽  
Khurshid Alam ◽  
Liaquat Ali ◽  
Afsana Karim ◽  
Mohammed J. Alramadan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cost Of Illness ◽  
Illness Study ◽  
Cost Of Illness Study

scholarly journals Type 2 Diabetes in Turkey – A Cost of Illness Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. A669 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Malhan ◽  
J Schwarzbard ◽  
T Sahin ◽  
A Bilgic ◽  
PK Atanasov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cost Of Illness ◽  
Illness Study ◽  
Cost Of Illness Study

scholarly journals The direct medical cost of type 2 diabetes mellitus in South Africa: a cost of illness study

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1636611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Erzse ◽  
Nicholas Stacey ◽  
Lumbwe Chola ◽  
Aviva Tugendhaft ◽  
Melvyn Freeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Direct Medical Cost ◽  
Cost Of Illness ◽  
Medical Cost ◽  
Illness Study ◽  
Cost Of Illness Study

scholarly journals Analisis Biaya Akibat Sakit serta Kualitas Hidup Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 dengan Penyakit Jantung

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lusiani Septika Sari
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cost Of Illness ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Cost

Abstrak Indonesia merupakan negara terbanyak keempat kematian akibat diabetes Mellitus dan penyakit jantung diantara nega­ra-negara Asia Tenggara. Biaya akibat sakit diabetes mellitus dan jantung membutuhkan biaya tertinggi jika dibandingkan dengan kombinasi penyakit diabetes mellitus dengan penyakit kronik lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gam­baran biaya akibat sakit serta kualitas hidup pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 dengan penyakit jantung dengan sampel 110 orang di RSUD X Bengkulu. Desain studi penelitian cross sectional, data primer dikumpulkan dengan teknik survei meng­gunakan kuesioner yang terstruktur dan data sekunder diperoleh melalui telaah dokumen rekam medik pasien serta doku­men penunjang lainnya. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan Maret sampai dengan Mei 2014. Populasi adalah seluruh pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 dengan penyakit jantung yang melakukan kunjungan rawat jalan di RSUD X Bengkulu, jumlah sampel 110 pasien. Rata-rata biaya pasien akibat sakit diabetes mellitus tipe 2 dengan penyakit jantung selama setahun adalah Rp. 6.081.572 dimana komposisi biaya langsung adalah (81,54%) dan biaya tidak langsung (18,46%). Proporsi terbesar adalah biaya obat (37,05%). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi biaya akibat penyakit tersebut adalah Lama Hari Rawat (LHR) dan je­nis pekerjaan sedangkan faktor yang mempengaruhi kualitas hidup pasien adalah Lama/durasi sakit. Disarankan agar RSUD. X Bengkulu menyusun clinical pathway dan formularium rumah sakit. Pemerintah perlu merevisi formularium nasional dengan memperhatikan kondisi lokal dan mengembangkan program peningkatan kualitas hidupAbstract Indonesia is the fourth most deaths due diabetes mellitus and heart disease among south Asia countries. Cost of illness from diabetes mellitus with heart disease is the highest cost if it is compared with combination of diabetes mellitus with other chronic disease. This study with 110 patients as samples is aiming to describing the cost of illness and quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with heart disease in X public hospital. With cross sectional research design, primary data is collected with survey technique that uses structured questionnaire and secondary data is obtained through medical record document review along with another supporting doc­ument. This research has been done from March until May in 2014. The population is all type 2 diabetes mellitus patient with heart disease who was doing in-patient visit in X Bengkulu, the number of sample was 110 patients. The annual cost of illness due to type 2 diabetes mellitus with heart disease per patient was Rp. 6,081,572, with direct cost is reached (81.54%) and indirect cost (18.46%). The largest proportion of the cost was drug (37.05%). Factors that affect COI were Length of Stay (LOS) and the type of work, and factor affect quality of life was duration of illness. It is recommended that X Public Hospital Bengkulu should prepare clinical pathways and hospital formulary. The central government needs to revise national formulary with considering variability of country situation and develop program to improve quality of DM patient.

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