XIX.—Elliptic Expansions

1923 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 318-318
Author(s):  
R. T. A. Innes
Keyword(s):  
Radius Vector ◽  
Planetary Orbit ◽  
True Anomaly ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Image Position ◽  
First Time

AbstractIn seeking the expansion of the equation of the centre, and the logarithm of the radius vector in a planetary orbit, in terms of the mean anomaly, the following expressions are obtained:—where g is the mean anomaly, andMr Innes remarks: “It is shown for the first time, I believe, that the expansion for the true anomaly in terms of the mean (equation of the centre) can be derived quite easily from the addition of the two simple expansionsand the two series have most simple recurrence expressions.”The MS. containing the proofs of these expressions, with further developments, is in the hands of the Society.

scholarly journals III. On the theory of elliptic motion

1860 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 430-432
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Present Note ◽  
Radius Vector ◽  
True Anomaly ◽  
Periodic Part ◽  
Elliptic Motion ◽  
Astronomical Society ◽  
Royal Astronomical Society ◽  
The Mean

The present Note is intended to give an account of the results which, by means of a grant from the Donation Fund of the Royal Society, I have procured to be calculated for me by Messrs. Creedy and Davis, and which are contained in a memoir presented to the Royal Astronomical Society, entitled “Tables of the Developments of Functions in the Theory of Elliptic Motion." The notation employed is r , the radius vector; f , the true anomaly; a , the mean distance; e , the excentricity; g , the mean anomaly; so that r/a' = elqr(e, y) , and f, = elta ( e, g ) (read elliptic quotient radius and elliptic true anomaly), are known functions of e, g. Moreover x denotes the periodic part of r/a' and y the equation of the centre or periodic part of f ; so that r/a = 1 + x , f = g + y , and x, y are also known functions of e, g .

RESULTS OF INTRALESIONAL TRIAMCINOLONE ACETONIDE FOR CHALAZION TREATMENT

2011 ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Thi Thu Nguyen ◽  
Viet Hien Vo ◽  
Thi Em Do
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Triamcinolone Acetonide ◽  
Lower Eyelid ◽  
Upper Eyelid ◽  
Interventional Trial ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time

The study use intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injection proceduce for chalazion treatment.1. Objectives: To evaluate results of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injection for chalazion treatment. 2. Method: This noncomparative prospective interventional trial included 72 chalazions of 61 patients. 3. Results: 61 patients (72 chalazions) with 19 males (31.1%) và 42 females (68.9%), the mean age was 24 ± 9,78 years. 31.1% patients was the first time chalazion and 68.9% patients was more than one times chalazion including 78.6% patients was recurrent at the first position and 21.4% patients occur at new position. 72 chalazions with 16 (22.2%) chalazions was treated before and 56 (77.8%) chalazions wasn’t done that. 72 chalazions with 49 chalazions (68.1%) are local in upper eyelid and 23 chalazions (31.9%) are local in lower eyelid. The mean of chalazion diameter is 6.99 ± 3.03mm. Intralesional triamcinolone acetonide is injected to treat 72 chalazions with 16 (22.2%) chalazions are injected through the route of skin and 56 (77.8%) chalazions are injected through the route of conjunctiva. After 2 weeks follow-up, the success rate was 93.1% and 6.9% failed. 4. Conclusion: intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injection for chalazion treatment is really effective. Key words: chalazion, intralesional triamcinolone acetonide.

Synthesis of a silymarin-gold nanoparticle conjugate and analysis of its liver-protecting activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Staroverov ◽  
Sergey Kozlov ◽  
Alexander Fomin ◽  
Konstantib Gabalov ◽  
Alexey Volkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Glutathione Depletion ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Experimental Hepatitis ◽  
Acute Liver Disease ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Extent Of Damage ◽  
First Time

Background: The liver disease problem prompts investigators to search for new methods of liver treatment. Introduction: Silymarin (Sil) protects the liver by reducing the concentration of free radicals and the extent of damage to the cell membranes. A particularly interesting method to increase the bioavailability of Sil is to use synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as reagents. The study considered whether it was possible to use the silymarin-AuNP conjugate as a potential liver-protecting drug. Method: AuNPs were conjugated to Sil and examine the liver-protecting activity of the conjugate. Experimental hepatitis and hepatocyte cytolysis after carbon tetrachloride actionwere used as a model system, and the experiments were conducted on laboratory animals. Result: For the first time, silymarin was conjugated to colloidal gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Electron microscopy showed that the resultant preparations were monodisperse and that the mean conjugate diameter was 18–30 nm ± 0.5 nm (mean diameter of the native nanoparticles, 15 ± 0.5 nm). In experimental hepatitis in mice, conjugate administration interfered with glutathione depletion in hepatocytes in response to carbon tetrachloride was conducive to an increase in energy metabolism, and stimulated the monocyte–macrophage function of the liver. The results were confirmed by the high respiratory activity of the hepatocytes in cell culture. Conclusion: We conclude that the silymarin-AuNP conjugate holds promise as a liver-protecting agent in acute liver disease caused by carbon tetrachloride poisoning.

scholarly journals Neutrosophic ratio-type estimators for estimating the population mean

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaigham Tahir ◽  
Hina Khan ◽  
Muhammad Aslam ◽  
Javid Shabbir ◽  
Yasar Mahmood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Mean Square Error ◽  
Auxiliary Information ◽  
Population Parameter ◽  
Uncertain Information ◽  
Population Mean ◽  
Classical Statistics ◽  
Neutrosophic Statistics ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Type Data ◽  
First Time

AbstractAll researches, under classical statistics, are based on determinate, crisp data to estimate the mean of the population when auxiliary information is available. Such estimates often are biased. The goal is to find the best estimates for the unknown value of the population mean with minimum mean square error (MSE). The neutrosophic statistics, generalization of classical statistics tackles vague, indeterminate, uncertain information. Thus, for the first time under neutrosophic statistics, to overcome the issues of estimation of the population mean of neutrosophic data, we have developed the neutrosophic ratio-type estimators for estimating the mean of the finite population utilizing auxiliary information. The neutrosophic observation is of the form $${Z}_{N}={Z}_{L}+{Z}_{U}{I}_{N}\, {\rm where}\, {I}_{N}\in \left[{I}_{L}, {I}_{U}\right], {Z}_{N}\in [{Z}_{l}, {Z}_{u}]$$ Z N = Z L + Z U I N where I N ∈ I L , I U , Z N ∈ [ Z l , Z u ] . The proposed estimators are very helpful to compute results when dealing with ambiguous, vague, and neutrosophic-type data. The results of these estimators are not single-valued but provide an interval form in which our population parameter may have more chance to lie. It increases the efficiency of the estimators, since we have an estimated interval that contains the unknown value of the population mean provided a minimum MSE. The efficiency of the proposed neutrosophic ratio-type estimators is also discussed using neutrosophic data of temperature and also by using simulation. A comparison is also conducted to illustrate the usefulness of Neutrosophic Ratio-type estimators over the classical estimators.

scholarly journals P1398 Echocardiographic continuous monitoring of exercise stress test using probe fixation device

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Wdowiak-Okrojek ◽  
P Wejner-Mik ◽  
Z Bednarkiewicz ◽  
P Lipiec ◽  
J D Kasprzak
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Exercise Stress Test ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Fixation Device ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background Stress echocardiography (SE) plays an important role among methods of noninvasive diagnosis of ischemic disease. Despite the advantages of physical exercise as the most physiologic stressor, it is difficult (bicycle ergometer) or impossible (treadmill) to obtain and maintain the acoustic window during the exercise. Recently, an innovative probe fixation device was introduced and a research plan was developed to assess the feasibility of external probe fixation during exercise echocardiography on a supine bicycle and upright treadmill exercise for the first time. Methods 37 subjects (36 men, mean age 39 ± 16 years, 21 healthy volunteers, 16 patients with suspected coronary artery disease) were included in this study. This preliminary testing stage included mostly men due to more problematic probe fixation in women. All subjects underwent a submaximal exercise stress test on a treadmill (17/37) or bicycle ergometer (11/37). Both sector and matrix probes were used. We assessed semi-quantitatively the quality of acquired apical views at each stage – the four-point grading system was used (0-no view, 1-suboptimal quality, 2-optimal quality, 3-very good quality), 2-3 sufficient for diagnosis. Results The mean time required for careful positioning of the probe and image optimization was 12 ± 3 min and shortened from 13,7 to 11,1 minutes (mean) in first vs second half of the cohort documenting learning curve. At baseline, 9 patients had at least one apical view of quality precluding reliable analysis. Those patients were excluded from further assessment. During stress, 17 patients maintained the optimal or very good quality of all apical views, whereas in 11 patients the quality significantly decreased during the stress test and required probe repositioning. The mean image quality score at baseline was 2,61 ± 0,48 and 2,25 ± 0,6 after exercise. Expectedly, good image quality was easier to obtain and maintain in the supine position (score 2,74 ± 0,44) points as compared with upright position (score 2,25 ± 0,57). Conclusion This preliminary, unique experience with external probe fixation device indicates that continuous acquisition and monitoring of echocardiographic images is feasible during physical exercise, and for the first time ever - also on the treadmill. This feasibility data stem from almost exclusively male patients and the estimated rate of sufficient image quality throughout the entire test is currently around 60%. We are hoping, that gaining more experience with the product could increase the success rate on exercise tests. Abstract P1398 Figure. Treadmill and ergometer stress test

scholarly journals AVERAGING OF AN INCREASING NUMBER OF MOMENT CONDITION ESTIMATORS

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohong Chen ◽  
David T. Jacho-Chávez ◽  
Oliver Linton
Keyword(s):  
Moment Condition ◽  
Moment Conditions ◽  
Parameter Heterogeneity ◽  
Class Of Estimators ◽  
Optimal Weighting ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Nonlinear Estimators ◽  
Available Information

We establish the consistency and asymptotic normality for a class of estimators that are linear combinations of a set of$\sqrt n$-consistent nonlinear estimators whose cardinality increases with sample size. The method can be compared with the usual approaches of combining the moment conditions (GMM) and combining the instruments (IV), and achieves similar objectives of aggregating the available information. One advantage of aggregating the estimators rather than the moment conditions is that it yields robustness to certain types of parameter heterogeneity in the sense that it delivers consistent estimates of the mean effect in that case. We discuss the question of optimal weighting of the estimators.

The focusing of radiation by a random surface when the source is at a finite distance

1960 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Longuet-Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Mean Curvature ◽  
Joint Distribution ◽  
Total Curvature ◽  
Statistical Distribution ◽  
Constant Parameter ◽  
Random Surface ◽  
Second Derivatives ◽  
Finite Distance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Image Position

Imagine a nearly horizontal, statistically uniform, random surface ζ(x, y), Gaussian in the sense that the second derivatives , , have a normal joint distribution. The problem considered is the statistical distribution of the quantitywhere J and Ω denote the mean curvature and total curvature of the surface, respectively, and ν is a constant parameter.

THE INFLUENCE OF WEIGHT AND HEIGHT ON WEIGHT CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH PREGNANCY IN WOMEN

1957 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS McKEOWN ◽  
R. G. RECORD
Keyword(s):  
Weight Change ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Body Build ◽  
Weight Increment ◽  
Time Table ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
First Time

SUMMARY Three hundred and eighty-three women whose weights were recorded during and after pregnancy were divided into groups of short (under 64 in.) and tall (64 in. and over) individuals, and further subdivided according to an index of body build (based on the observed regression of antenatal weight on height). Differences between the weight 12 months after delivery and the antenatal weight (adjusted according to the number of days by which it preceded or followed the 124th day of gestation) were examined. The proportion of short women who added weight in this interval was relatively high for those who were thinnest at the antenatal examination, was lowest for those who were moderately thin and thereafter increased with increasing degree of obesity (from about 1 in 3 to 4 in 5); the proportion of tall women who added weight showed no significant change (Fig. 2). This variation in weight change according to height is exhibited by women pregnant for the first time (Table 3). For both short and tall women, the mean weight increment of those who added weight, and the mean weight decrement of those who lost weight, increased with increasing degree of obesity (Fig. 3). When weight change is expressed as a proportion of the antenatal weight these trends disappear (Fig. 4).

Observations upon some common cestode parasites of the wild rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus

Parasitology ◽  
1940 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. R. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Oryctolagus Cuniculus ◽  
Wild Rabbit ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuations ◽  
Image Position ◽  
First Time

1. Between November 1936 and February 1937, ninety-six rabbits were examined, whilst between August 1937 and July 1938, 446 rabbits were examined for cestode parasites. The rabbits were obtained from the same area.2. The rabbits were infected with the following cestodes to the extent given, for the two periods respectively:3. Two species of the genus Hymenolepis are recorded for the first time from the rabbit, and they are briefly described.4. The seasonal fluctuations in the incidence of the above cestodes are discussed.5. The span of life of both Cittotaenia pectinata and C. denticulata is seen to be not greater than 10 months, and evidence is given to show that the intermediate host of C. denticulata is available between April and December, and that of C. pectinata from August to April.6. Evidence of host and age resistance is demonstrated in Cysticercus pisiformis.

scholarly journals Modeling of temporal groundwater level variations based on a Kalman filter adaptation algorithm with exogenous inputs

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanouil A. Varouchakis
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Auxiliary Information ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Adaptation Algorithm ◽  
Arx Model ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Temporal Modelling ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time

Reliable temporal modelling of groundwater level is significant for efficient water resources management in hydrological basins and for the prevention of possible desertification effects. In this work we propose a stochastic method of temporal monitoring and prediction that can incorporate auxiliary information. More specifically, we model the temporal (mean annual and biannual) variation of groundwater level by means of a discrete time autoregressive exogenous variable (ARX) model. The ARX model parameters and its predictions are estimated by means of the Kalman filter adaptation algorithm (KFAA) which, to our knowledge, is applied for the first time in hydrology. KFAA is suitable for sparsely monitored basins that do not allow for an independent estimation of the ARX model parameters. We apply KFAA to time series of groundwater level values from the Mires basin in the island of Crete. In addition to precipitation measurements, we use pumping data as exogenous variables. We calibrate the ARX model based on the groundwater level for the years 1981 to 2006 and use it to predict the mean annual and biannual groundwater level for recent years (2007–2010). The predictions are validated with the available annual averages reported by the local authorities.

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