Environment and Development: Attitudinal Impediments to Policy Integration

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J.P. Gale
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Royal Commission ◽  
Policy Integration ◽  
Research Sector ◽  
Attitudinal Data ◽  
Environmental Considerations ◽  
Environment And Development ◽  
Development Prospects

Attitudes towards the concept of sustainable development—an approach to development which integrates economic, social, and environmental, considerations in development planning and decision-making—are evaluated according to six sectors of public interest: the private sector, the general public, government, the academic and research sector, labour, and the voluntary sector.The study is empirical. Attitudinal data are gathered from a content analysis of public briefs submitted in 1983 and 1984 to the Royal Commission on the Economic Union and Development Prospects for Canada. For each sector, attitudes towards development planning are assessed, with particular attention given to attitudes affecting the integration of economic and environmental considerations in development planning.The study shows that a commitment to private-sector views is strongly, although negatively, related to environmental concern. Private-sector interventions are not only the least sympathetic of all six sectors towards the integration of economic and environmental policies, but the majority of interveners in this sector are opposed to the very concept. Given this, there are major attitudinal obstacles to the acceptance of the concept beyond the rhetorical level.

Mainstreaming climate adaptation in Kenya

Climate Law ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin O. Oulu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Response Strategy ◽  
Policy Integration ◽  
Political Commitment ◽  
Environment Impact ◽  
Environment Impact Assessment ◽  
Entry Points

Mainstreaming climate change adaptation into policies and development planning processes is widely acknowledged and advocated as an important means of addressing the myriad impacts of climate change.Kenya, like many developing countries, is very vulnerable to climate change and urgently needs to adapt. However, the country’s adaptation mainstreaming efforts are still nascent and largely insufficient. Through a literature review and key informant interviews, this paper identifies Kenya’s potential climateadaptation mainstreaming entry-points and investigates the normative, organizational, and procedural mainstreaming strategies employed. This is done from a horizontal Climate Policy Integration perspective. Three potential mainstreaming entry-points, among them Kenya Vision 2030, the current development blueprint, are identified. The results indicate that while political commitment to, and strategic vision on, climate adaptation is present as exemplified by high-profile champions and the development of the National Climate Change Response Strategy, institutional set-ups remain fragmented and inadequate. Of particular importance is the need to anchor coordination efforts for climate change adaptation in a highlevel and cross-sectoral office. Ex-ante assessment procedures, such as Strategic Environment Assessment and Environment Impact Assessment, should incorporate robust climate vulnerability assessments and adaptation requirements.

Innovative Environment and Development Prospect of NFC and In-App Payments in New Technological Way

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Мартынов ◽  
V. Martynov
Keyword(s):  
Development Prospect ◽  
Innovative Environment ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Environment And Development ◽  
Development Prospects ◽  
Secure Element

The article considers an open innovative environment in which there is NFC and In-App Payments, their development prospects, the pros and cons of these systems, their place in the sixth technological way, gives concepts of NFC, In-App Payments, considers the technology of contactless payments, the principle of operation of the device with a Secure Element NFC and Host Card Emulation technology, sanctifies the issue of the security of NFC devices, methods of protection against attacks on the device, the use of NFC in other electronic media. Comparative characteristics depending on the situation, NFC and In-App Payments are given. The article shows the global Informatization of our society in the sixth technological way.

Changing Planning Perspectives of Agricultural Development in Malaysia

1983 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-435
Author(s):  
Martin Rudner
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Development Effort ◽  
National Planning ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Public Resources ◽  
Effective Policy

Malaysia's planning organization has become the institutional centrepiece of that country's development effort. Indeed, Malaysia ranks as one of the non-Communist developing countries where planning is most highly institutionalized. Malaysian planning evolved as an effective policy mechanism for directing the authoritative allocation of public resources towards declared developmental objectives. Despite this attachment to national planning, Malaysia remains a staunchly market-oriented, open, and predominantly private enterprise economy. Nevertheless, as the role of planning expanded, private sector activity became increasingly subject to policy interventions predicated upon the politically-determined goals of development planning.

ENERGY, ENVIRONMENT AND CONSERVATION—AUSTRALIAN CASE HISTORIES AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR THE FUTURE

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Graham A. Brown
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
New South ◽  
Royal Commission ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Legal Implications ◽  
Energy Environment ◽  
Australian Case ◽  
Lake Pedder

Five recent case histories of environmental concern over proposed projects involving energy resources in Australia are reviewed.Queensland: The Great Barrier Reef Royal Commission, involving proposed exploration offshore for hydrocarbons;New South Wales: The Clutha Controversy, involving proposed transport and loading facilities to export coal;Victoria: The Port Phillip Bay gas pipeline;Tasmania: Lake Pedder, involving a proposal to flood the lake for the production of hydro electric power;Northern Territory: The Top End National Park, involving proposals to exploit newly discovered uranium resources.The social and legal implications of these activities are discussed, with particular emphasis on the possibility of future laws being enacted to conserve Australia's resources and environment. Special reference is made to the energy industry in general and petroleum in particular.

Norms, Institutions and Social Learning: An Explanation for Weak Policy Integration in the WTO's Committee on Trade and Environment

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Gabler
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Policy Integration ◽  
Trade And Environment ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Institutional Conditions ◽  
Environmental Norms ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Environment And Development

The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) recognized that sustainable development can only be actualized if environmental norms are integrated into other areas of policy across levels of governance. This article examines the Committee on Trade and Environment of the World Trade Organization (WTO) to answer the question of why actors' efforts to enhance the mutual supportiveness of trade and environmental norms have resulted in minimalist policy outcomes. I first introduce a framework for analyzing norms and their levels of compatibility and a social learning explanation for policy integration emphasizing the importance of normative and institutional conditions. Second, I show that low levels of both norm compatibility between UNCED and WTO and institutional capacity in the WTO for learning have contributed to weak integration. The approach contributes to constructivist theory development and the findings provide insights to policy-makers grappling with how to support the integration of norms and institutions in global governance.

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