A comparison of two windowless x-ray detector designs on VG HB501 STEMs

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 672-673
Author(s):  
A. W. Nicholls
Keyword(s):  
Energy Range ◽  
Solid Angle ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Original Design ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solid Angles

Windowless X-ray detectors are routinely used on VG HB501 STEMs allowing detection of all elements from B upwards (fig 1). The original design for the HB501 built by Link Analytical had a theoretical solid angle of 0.077sr but recently a new design has appeared with a solid angle of 0.181sr. In order to compare these two designs it would be useful to develop a test that could be carried out on the microscope column that would accurately characterise the performance of the detector in the low energy range (<1keV) as well as at higher energies. Recently there has been much interest in characterising X-ray detector microscope systems using the peak to background (P' B) ratio from specially prepared evaporated Cr films. As an extension to this method this type of specimen has-been used to look at the ratio of effective detector solid angles and also the low energy area by comparing CrK to CrL intensities in order to fully characterise the detectors on VG HB501 STEMs.

Comparison of Various Descriptions of X-Ray Tube Spectra

1995 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 127-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Schoßmann ◽  
H. Wiederschwinger ◽  
H. Ebel ◽  
J. Wernisch
Keyword(s):  
Energy Range ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Characteristic Radiation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Absorption Correction

We have developed an algorithm for calculating the x-ray tube continuum based on the eqidistribution proposed by Love and Scott, extended the description of white and characteristic radiation given by Wiederschwinger et al for the energy range 10 to 50 keV to the low energy range from 5 to 30 keV, and compared the results from this algorithm to those responses obtained from algorithms using the absorption correction of Pochou and Pichoir, Philibert, Sewell and Pella. The comparison to other models showed a significandy better performance by our model.

scholarly journals Scanning Transmission X-Ray Microscopy in the Soft Energy Range with Very Large Solid Angle of Detection for X-ray Fluorescence Imaging

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (S2) ◽  
pp. 86-87
Author(s):  
L. Luhl ◽  
K. Andrianov ◽  
A. Haidl ◽  
H. Dierks ◽  
A. Dehlinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Range ◽  
Fluorescence Imaging ◽  
Solid Angle ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Transmission

Low-energy cosmic X-ray measurements

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (23) ◽  
pp. 2651-2666 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Baxter ◽  
B. G. Wilson ◽  
D. W. Green
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Energy Range ◽  
Crab Nebula ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Data Recovery ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Recovery System ◽  
The Crab Nebula

An experiment is described to investigate cosmic X rays in the energy range 0.25–12 keV. The data-recovery system and methods of spectral analysis are considered. Results are presented for the energy spectrum of the diffuse X-ray component and its distribution over the northern sky down to 1.6 keV with a limited extension at 0.27 keV.In the energy range 1.6 to 12 keV, the spectrum is represented by:[Formula: see text]although separate analyses indicate a flattening below 4.5 keV to give:[Formula: see text]and[Formula: see text]At the lowest energies, the flux appears to increase more rapidly and exhibits some anisotropy in arrival directions related to the gross galactic structure. Spectral characteristics of the Crab Nebula and Cygnus X-2 have also been determined.

scholarly journals Evidence for a galactic component of the diffuse X-ray background

1970 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 280-288
Author(s):  
B. A. Cooke ◽  
R. E. Griffiths ◽  
K. A. Pounds
Keyword(s):  
Energy Range ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Galactic Latitude ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Latitude Dependence ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
X Ray Background

It is widely believed that the diffuse X-ray background, observed on several occasions over the energy range from 0.25 keV to above 1 MeV has an extragalactic origin. Evidence for this comes from the generally reported isotropy above several keV [1, 2, 3] and the observed galactic latitude dependence at 0.25 keV, believed to result from the interstellar attenuation of these low energy photons in passage through the Galaxy [4, 5].

Description of X-ray Tube Spectra by the Depth Distribution Function of Pochou and Pichoir

1994 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 291-298
Author(s):  
B. Schoβmann ◽  
J. Wernisch ◽  
H. Ebel
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Function ◽  
Energy Range ◽  
Depth Distribution ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Characteristic Radiation ◽  
Characteristic Peak ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Absorption Correction ◽  
Peak Areas

We have developed an algorithm for calculating the x-ray tube continuum based on the depth distribution function (DDF) proposed by Pochou and Pichoir, extended the description of white and characteristic radiation given by Wiederschwinger et al. to the low energy range from 5 to 30 keV and compared the results frorn these algorithms to the signals obtained from algorithms using the absorption correction of Philibert and of Sewell et al. Preceding calculations the measured spectra were separated into characteristic peak spectra and into the corresponding white spectra, where the background below the peak areas was numerically interpolated.

Characterization of Si(Li) x-ray detector efficiencies in the low energy range

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 710-711
Author(s):  
G. Wirmark ◽  
G. Wahlberg ◽  
H. Nordén
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Energy Range ◽  
Analytical Electron Microscopy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Ratio Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Standard Specimens ◽  
Analytical Electron

X-ray microanalysis with windowless or ultra-thin window Si(Li)-detectors is becoming increasingly important in analytical electron microscopy. The most common approach in the quantification of this method is the thin film ratio method.where CA and CB denote the concentrations of elements A and B respectively and IA and IB are the corresponding x-ray intensities. The KAB-factor should ideally be determined from analyses of standard specimens of known compositions.

A Pinhole Camera for Photographing X-Rays from Laser-Produced Plasmas*

1974 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 136-145
Author(s):  
J. J. Hohlfelder ◽  
M. A. Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Energy Range ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Laser System ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Pinhole Camera ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Laboratory Calibration

AbstractA pinhole camera has been used to record low-energy x rays produced from CD2 microsphere irradiation with Sandia Laboratories four-beam, pulsed laser system. Camera useful energy range, spatial resolution, and x-ray energy sensitivity are discussed. Camera x-ray energy sensitivity which was determined by laboratory calibration is compared with measurements obtained with a multi-channel x-ray spectrometer. X-ray photographs of laser-irradiated microspheres are presented. Spatial information about the x-ray source derived from these photographs is discussed.

Low Energy Mass Absorption Coefficients from Proton Induced X-ray Spectroscopy

1976 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 481-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lurio ◽  
W. Reuter ◽  
J. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Energy Range ◽  
Experimental Technique ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Proton Bombardment ◽  
Absorption Coefficients ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mass Absorption

We describe a new and reliable experimental technique for the measurement of mass absorption coefficients in the 0.1 to 1 keV energy range. In this technique, the absorbing film is supported directly on a substrate which under proton bombardment will generate the x-rays whose absorption will be measured. Results are given for thirteen different metals at the C Kα (277 eV) line.

scholarly journals Highly sensitive x-ray detectors in the low-energy range on n-type 4H-SiC epitaxial layers

2012 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 051111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna C. Mandal ◽  
Peter G. Muzykov ◽  
J. Russell Terry
Keyword(s):  
Energy Range ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Epitaxial Layers ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Highly Sensitive

scholarly journals The First Results from “Solar X-ray Spectrometer (SOXS)” Mission

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 622-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajmal Jain ◽  
Hemant Dave ◽  
P. Sreekumar ◽  
A. B. Shah ◽  
N. M. Vadher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solar Flare ◽  
Energy Range ◽  
Solar Flares ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Energy Detector ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Phoswich Detector ◽  
First Results

Abstract“Solar X-ray Spectrometer (SOXS)” mission on-board GSAT-2 Indian spacecraft was launched on 08 May 2003 by GSLV-D2 and deployed in geostationery orbit to study the X-ray emission from solar flares with high spectral and temporal resolution. The SOXS consists of two independent payloads viz. SOXS Low Energy Detector (SLD) payload, and SOXS High Energy Detector (SHD) payload. The SLD consists of two solid state detectors Si PIN and CZT, which cover the energy range from 4-60 keV, while the SHD has NaI(Tl)/CsI(Na) sandwiched phoswich detector that covers energy range from 20 keV to 10 MeV. We present very briefly the science objectives and instrumentation of SLD payload. After the successful In-orbit Tests (IOT), the first light was fed into SLD payload on 08 June 2003 when the solar flare was already in progress. We briefly present the first results from the SLD payload.

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