Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Yields and Weed Populations in Conventional and Reduced Tillage Systems

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 590-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell W. Wallace ◽  
Robin R. Bellinder
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Early Emergence ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Potato Yields ◽  
Conventional Ct

Linuron, metribuzin, oryzalin, and dinoseb were evaluated for weed control in conventional (CT) and rye-stubble reduced-tillage (RT) systems for potatoes. Early season control of weeds was equivalent for all herbicides in both tillage systems. In 1985, redroot pigweed populations were significantly greater in RT than in CT control plots. Populations of common lambsquarters were equivalent, regardless of the tillage system. In 1986, the rye mulch reduced early emergence of both species in untreated RT plots when compared to the untreated CT controls. During both seasons, potato stands decreased 16% with RT. In 1985, total yields did not differ between tillage systems; however, in 1986, total potato yields in RT plots decreased an average of 22% compared to yields in CT plots.

Low-Rate Applications of Herbicides in Conventional and Reduced Tillage Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum)

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell W. Wallace ◽  
Robin R. Bellinder
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Redroot Pigweed ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Low Rate

Linuron, metribuzin, oryzalin, and metolachlor were applied at recommended (1X) and two-thirds (0.67X) rates to evaluate control of redroot pigweed and common lambsquarters in conventional and rye-stubble reduced-tillage potato production systems. Regardless of tillage, common lambsquarters control was satisfactory during both seasons at both rates of linuron, metribuzin, and oryzalin. Redroot pigweed control by these three herbicides, although excellent in 1988, was poor in RT plots during 1987. Yields did not differ between tillage systems. Reduced weed control with metolachlor during both seasons, and possible crop injury with linuron in 1987 resulted in significant yield reductions.

Reduced Rates of Herbicides Following Hilling Controlled Weeds in Conventional and Reduced Tillage Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Production

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin R. Bellinder ◽  
Russell W. Wallace ◽  
Erik D. Wilkins
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
Split Application ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Herbicide Treatment

Time of hilling (4, 5, or 6 weeks after planting; WAP) and 0.5x, 1x, and split (0.5x + 0.5x) rates of metolachlor + metribuzin were evaluated in conventional tillage (CT) and rye-stubble, reduced tillage (RT) potato plots. Weed populations 4 to 10 WAP were generally higher in CT than in RT. Weed control was excellent in both tillage systems when 1x rates of metolachlor + metribuzin were applied delayed preemergence, or in a split application where 0.5x was applied delayed PRE and hilled 6 WAP, and followed with a second application of 0.5x metolachlor + metribuzin 7 days after hilling (DAH). Weed control with 0.5x rates of metolachlor + metribuzin applied 7 DAH, when hilled 4 and 5 WAP, was equivalent to the lx and split-rate treatments. Weed control was reduced only when hilling was delayed to 6 WAP and 0.5x of metolachlor + metribuzin applied 7 DAH. Total yields were not influenced by tillage, hilling, or herbicide treatment, however, larger numbers of green and small-sized tubers reduced marketable yields in RT.

GROWTH AND NPK UPTAKE BY SOYBEAN CULTIVARS IN NORTHERN U.S.A. UNDER REDUCED TILLAGE SYSTEMS

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 1101-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. DEIBERT ◽  
R. A. UTTER
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
No Till ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Late Maturity

A field study was conducted during 1985–1987 on a Fargo clay soil to evaluate growth, and NPK content at beginning flowering, pod fill, and mature seed at harvest of an early- (McCall) and a late-maturity (Dawson) soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cultivar as influenced by conventional (plow) or reduced (sweep, intertill, no-till) tillage systems and weed control methods. Excellent seed emergence was obtained on all tillage systems. Fall application of granular herbicide provided excellent weed control but herbicide plus cultivation caused reduced plant growth. Tillage system did not significantly affect plant and seed dry matter production. Yearly differences in dry matter production between early- and late-maturity cultivars depended on precipitation distribution. N and P uptake at pod fill was equal to seed uptake while K in the seed was one-half that measured at pod fill. Stratification of P and K in the surface soil profile of the reduced tillage systems was not detrimental and possibly enhanced early growth when root development was not extensive. Plants exhibited chlorosis on only the plow system under wet soil conditions indicating improved internal drainage under the reduced tillage systems. Interactions of climate with tillage system and cultivar maturity were more pronounced in this soybean study than previously reported which may be related to the cool, dry northern area.Key words: Soybean, no-till, zero-till, weed control, plant nutrients, cultivars, soil nutrient stratification

Early Broadleaf Weed Control in Potato (Solanum tuberosum) with Herbicides

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina W. Murray ◽  
Richard N. Arnold ◽  
Eddie J. Gregory ◽  
Dan Smeal
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Marketable Tuber ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Marketable Potato ◽  
Potato Yields

Ten herbicide treatments were evaluated for early season control of three broadleaf weeds and effects on marketable potato yields in low-organic, coarse-textured soil. All treatments controlled prostrate pigweed 100%. Trifluralin with metolachlor or with EPTC did not control kochia well. Pendimethalin alone or with EPTC controlled Russian thistle poorly, and produced the lowest marketable tuber yields. Fluorochloridone at 0.6 kg ai/ha caused chlorosis and reduced potato yield 11%. Treatments with metribuzin tended to have high potato yields.

scholarly journals Herbicide and Rye Cover Crop Residue Integration Affect Weed Control and Yield in Strip-Tillage Peanut

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.S. Aulakh ◽  
M. Saini ◽  
A.J. Price ◽  
W.H. Faircloth ◽  
E. van Santen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Strip Tillage ◽  
Common Bermudagrass ◽  
Large Crabgrass

ABSTRACT Reduced-tillage peanut production is increasing due to reduced production costs and increased environmental and economic benefits compared to conventional systems. Experiments were conducted in Alabama and Georgia between 2005 and 2007 to evaluate a strip-tillage system utilizing a high-residue cereal rye cover crop, in comparison to a conventional tillage system. Six weed management schemes were evaluated including a preemergence (PRE) application of pendimethalin alone at 1.12 kg ai/ha or in combination with S-metolachlor at 1.36 kg ai/ha. Both PRE applications were applied alone or followed by (fb) a postemergence (POST) application consisting of a mixture of paraquat at 0.140 kg ai/ha plus bentazon at 0.56 kg ai/ha plus 2,4-DB at 0.224 kg ae/ha. The remaining two treatments consisted of a no-herbicide control and aforementioned POST-only application. In 2005 at the Alabama location, pendimethalin plus metolachlor with or without a POST application controlled all weeds >91% in the strip tillage treatment and controlled tall morningglory, yellow nutsedge, and common bermudagrass >83% in the conventional tillage system. Pendimethalin fb a POST application controlled all weeds > 97%, except large crabgrass (75%) and common bermudagrass (≤ 58%) regardless of tillage system. In 2007, pendimethalin and pendimethalin plus S-metolachlor followed by (fb) a POST application controlled smooth pigweed, tall morningglory, large crabgrass, Florida beggarweed, and sicklepod 70 to 99%, across tillage systems. In 2005 at the Georgia location, large crabgrass control was consistently reduced in strip-tillage compared to conventional tillage regardless of herbicide treatment. In 2006, pendimethalin plus S-metolachlor fb POST controlled common bermudagrass and yellow nutsedge 74 to 99%. Herbicide treatment effect on peanut yield varied with environment. Peanut yield was equivalent or greater by 25% or more in 3 of 4 site years utilizing strip-tillage indicating a yield advantage compared to conventional tillage. Peanut market grade was not affected by any herbicide treatments or tillage methods evaluated. Results show that producers can maintain weed control, equivalent grade and yield in reduced-tillage systems when utilizing a high-residue conservation agriculture system integrated with a PRE plus POST herbicide system.

Weed Control in Navy Bean in Reduced Tillage Systems

jpa ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 428-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary E. Powell ◽  
Karen A. Renner
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
Navy Bean ◽  
Tillage Systems

Effect of Cultural Practices on Weed Control and Crop Response in Imidazolinone-Tolerant Rice

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald J. Levy ◽  
Jason A. Bond ◽  
Eric P. Webster ◽  
James L. Griffin ◽  
Steven D. Linscombe
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Crop Response ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Seed Harvest

Field research was conducted for 3 yr to evaluate crop response and weed control under conventional and reduced tillage in drill- and water-seeded imidazolinone-tolerant (IT) rice culture. Imazethapyr was applied at 70 g ai/ha PRE followed by (fb) imazethapyr at 70 g/ha applied POST to three- to four-leaf rice or at 105 g/ha PRE fb 70 g/ha POST. In both conventional and reduced tillage systems, imazethapyr applied PRE fb POST at 70 g ai/ha controlled red rice, barnyardgrass, Amazon sprangletop, and rice flatsedge 87 to 99% 35 d after POST treatment (DAT). At 35 DAT, Indian jointvetch control with sequential applications of imazethapyr was as high as 70% in water-seeded rice but no more than 54% in drill-seeded rice. Tillage, seeding method, and imazethapyr rate had no effect on days to 50% heading, seeds per panicle, seed weight per panicle, or percentage of seed harvest. However, a reduction of 27% in days to 50% heading, 80% in seeds per panicle, 84% in seed weight per panicle, and 100% in percentage seed harvest index occurred when imazethapyr was not applied because of weed interference. Culm number was reduced 28%, and culm weight 32% under reduced tillage compared with conventional tillage. With sequential applications of imazethapyr at 70 g/ha, rice yield was 63% greater when rice was water-seeded compared with drill-seeded. No differences in tillage systems for weed control, days to 50% heading, seed number, seed weight per panicle, percent seed, panicle height, lodging, or yield were observed. Results of these experiments demonstrate imazethapyr will effectively control weeds in both water- and drill-seeded rice and that reduced tillage can be used without negatively affecting rice production.

Efficacy and Economics of Cultivation for Weed Control in Potato (Solanum tuberosum)

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte V. Eberlein ◽  
Paul E. Patterson ◽  
Mary J. Guttieri ◽  
Jeffrey C. Stark
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Control Efficacy ◽  
Weed Biomass ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Hairy Nightshade ◽  
Green Foxtail ◽  
One Year ◽  
Control Net

A 3-year study was conducted in irrigated potato to compare weed control efficacy and economics of hilling plus one or two cultivations with the standard treatment of hilling plus a preemergence application of pendimethalin plus metribuzin. Trials were conducted under both weedy and weed-free conditions. Common lambsquarters and redroot pigweed were present in weedy treatments each year; significant populations of hairy nightshade and green foxtail also were present one year. When weed populations were low or moderate (< 45 plants/m2), total weed biomass in the hilling plus one cultivation treatment was reduced 98 to 99% relative to the weedy control, and U.S. No. 1 tuber yields were equal to the standard treatment. However, when weed populations were high (145 plants/m2), hilling plus one cultivation and hilling plus two cultivations provided only 30% and 61% reduction in weed biomass, respectively, and U.S. No. 1 tuber yields were 35% and 13% less, respectively, than the standard treatment. The standard treatment provided 99% reduction in total weed biomass each year, and yields were equal to the weed-free, hill plus no cultivation control. Net return was $37 to $100/ha higher for the hilling plus one cultivation treatment compared to the standard treatment when weed populations were moderate or low, but was $808/ha less than the standard treatment when weed populations were high.

Weed seedbank response to crop rotation and tillage in semiarid agroecosystems

Weed Science ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dorado ◽  
J. P. Del Monte ◽  
C. López-Fando
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Mouse Ear ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Number Of Seeds

In a semiarid Mediterranean site in central Spain, field experiments were conducted on a Calcic Haploxeralf (noncalcic brown soil), which had been managed with three crop rotations and two tillage systems (no-tillage and conventional tillage) since 1987. The crop rotations consisted of barley→vetch, barley→sunflower, and a barley monoculture. The study took place in two growing seasons (1992–1994) to assess the effects of management practices on the weed seedbank. During this period, spring weed control was not carried out in winter crops. In the no-tillage system, there was a significant increase in the number of seeds of different weed species: anacyclus, common purslane, corn poppy, knotted hedge-parsley, mouse-ear cress, spring whitlowgrass, tumble pigweed, venus-comb, andVeronica triphyllos.Conversely, the presence of prostrate knotweed and wild radish was highest in plots under conventional tillage. These results suggest large differences in the weed seedbank as a consequence of different soil conditions among tillage systems, but also the necessity of spring weed control when a no-tillage system is used. With regard to crop rotations, the number of seeds of knotted hedge-parsley, mouse-ear cress, and spring whitlowgrass was greater in the plots under the barley→vetch rotation. Common lambsquarters dominated in the plots under the barley→sunflower rotation, whereas venus-comb was the most frequent weed in the barley monoculture. Larger and more diverse weed populations developed in the barley→vetch rotation rather than in the barley→sunflower rotation or the barley monoculture.

Effect of Tillage and Soil-Applied Herbicides with Micro-Rate Herbicide Programs on Weed Control and Sugarbeet Growth

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott L. Bollman ◽  
Christy L. Sprague
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Redroot Pigweed ◽  
Giant Foxtail ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Herbicide Programs

Field trials were conducted to determine if tillage and soil-applied herbicides had an effect on weed control and sugarbeet growth with a micro-rate herbicide program. Sugarbeet emergence was earlier in the moldboard plowed system compared with the chisel plowed system at three of four sites. Conditions were dry and sugarbeets emerged 5 d later in the moldboard plowed system compared with the chisel plowed system at the fourth site. Even though the rate of sugarbeet emergence differed between tillage systems at all four sites, final sugarbeet populations did not differ at two of the four sites. Sugarbeet injury from PRE treatments ofS-metolachlor, ethofumesate, and ethofumesate plus pyrazon, followed by four POST micro-rate applications, ranged from 11 to 27% and 1 to 18% in the chisel and moldboard plowed systems, respectively, 6 wk after planting (WAP). Under wet conditions, sugarbeet stand was reduced and injury was greatest from PRE applications ofS-metolachlor. Common lambsquarters, pigweed (redroot pigweed and Powell amaranth), and giant foxtail control in mid-August was consistently higher when a PRE herbicide was applied prior to micro-rate herbicide treatments. Even though there were differences between PRE and no-PRE treatments with respect to sugarbeet injury and weed control, recoverable white sucrose yield did not differ between herbicide treatments. However, recoverable white sucrose yield was greater in the moldboard plowed treatments compared with the chisel plowed treatments at three out of the four sites.

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