Opium, Tungsten, and the Search for National Security, 1940–52.

1991 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-116
Author(s):  
Jonathan Marshall

If Indochina goes, several things happen right away. The Malayan Peninsula, that last bit of land hanging on down there, would be scarcely defensible—and tin and tungsten that we so greatly value from that area would cease coming. … So, when the United States votes $400,000,000 to help that war, we are not voting for a giveaway program. We are voting for the cheapest way that we can to prevent the occurance of something that would be of the most terrible significance for the United States of America—our security, our power, and ability to get certain things we need from the riches of … Southeast Asia.—President Dwight Eisenhower, speech to Conference of Governors, 4 August 1953.

Author(s):  
Attarid Awadh Abdulhameed

Ukrainia Remains of huge importance to Russian Strategy because of its Strategic importance. For being a privileged Postion in new Eurasia, without its existence there would be no logical resons for eastward Expansion by European Powers.  As well as in Connection with the progress of Ukrainian is no less important for the USA (VSD, NDI, CIA, or pentagon) and the European Union with all organs, and this is announced by John Kerry. There has always ben Russian Fear and Fear of any move by NATO or USA in the area that it poses a threat to  Russians national Security and its independent role and in funence  on its forces especially the Navy Forces. There for, the Crisis manyement was not Zero sum game, there are gains and offset losses, but Russia does not accept this and want a Zero Sun game because the USA. And European exteance is a Foot hold in Regin Which Russian sees as a threat to its national security and want to monopolize control in the strategic Qirim.


2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-178
Author(s):  
Giandi Kartasasmita

This paper aims to explain the securitization process of China’s technology companies by the U.S Government. Whilethe U.S has been aware of the cyber threat since 1998, before Trump's presidency, the U.S. Government had nevertaken drastic measures against foreign technology companies based on national security pretext. This paper revealedthat the U.S. Executive has succeeded in securitizing the Chinese hardware and software companies, proved by theincreasing number of U.S. Citizens, see China as a major threat to the U.S.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Anis Sujudi

This paper aims to analyze the hybridition of heavy metal and Islam through Islamic metal in Jakarta, Bandung and several other places in Indonesia, which have changed the metal scene in Indonesia. This paper uses a descriptive discussion with qualitative methods and concepts of hybridization and cosmopolitanism. The results of this study indicate, Islamic metal occurs, because of the low conflict between government, Islam and metal. The presence of Islamic metal in the metal scene changes community patterns, habits and identity in metal, by applying values based on Islam. The existence of Islamic metal as a new sub-genre incites the pros and cons of Islam and the metal scene, because it considers the phenomenon of exclusivity in inclusiveness in metal.


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