Evaluating Indonesia's Disaster Diplomacy Practices Under The Jokowi Administration In 2018

Artikel ini mengevaluasi praktik diplomasi bencana Indonesia tahun 2018, di mana beberapa peristiwa bencana berturut-turut menyebabkan korban jiwa yang sangat besar dan kerusakan material. Di satu sisi, bantuan internasional merupakan salah satu variabel penting yang dapat berperan dalam mengurangi risiko bencana. Di sisi lain, bantuan internasional dianggap sebagai faktor yang dapat menurunkan legitimasi pemerintah dalam menangani bencana. Artikel ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus untuk memahami bencana dan kebijakan bantuan luar negeri serta implikasinya terhadap keamanan negara dan manusia. Artikel ini menemukan bahwa orientasi pemerintah Indonesia di era Presiden Jokowi dalam penanggulangan bencana cenderung pada kebijakan yang berwawasan ke dalam yang konservatif dimana prioritas pemerintah dalam aspek keamanan negara justru membahayakan aspek keamanan manusia (human security)

Merauke “Food Estate”: Alternatif Penanganan Konflik Di Papua Dalam Perspektif Ekonomi-Sosial Dan Budaya

This study analyzes food estate in Merauke as a conflict resolution alternative in Papua from economic-social and cultural perspectives. The conflicts in Papua are still happening and no best solution has been found yet. Among the roots of the problem are economic and social disparities as well as cultural disharmony. The government is planning to develop a food estate in Merauke, Papua to enhance national food security and as export commodities. Apart from the Government’s objectives, the analysis used qualitative research methods with a sociological approach through field observation and participation. Adopting Galtung’s theory of violence, it shows the food estate in Merauke can potentially contribute to resolving conflicts in Papua, especially to eliminate direct violence and structural violence

Covid-19 dan Kekerasan Terhadap Perempuan Sebagai Pandemi Bayangan (The Shadow Pandemic)

Sampai saat ini, setiap orang di seluruh dunia masih berbicara tentang pandemi Covid-19 dan kesulitan ekonomi global. Apa yang tidak atau jarang didiskusikan banyak orang adalah pandemi jahat lainnya yang membayangi yaitu: peningkatan kekerasan terhadap perempuan (KTP) atau violence against women (VAW). Di tengah kombinasi dari sistem kesehatan yang kewalahan, karantina wilayah yang diberlakukan secara ketat, ketakutan akan virus dan efek vaksinasi, dan ketidakpastian ekonomi, di saat itu pula KTP telah menemukan peluang kotor untuk berkembang bersamaan dengan meluasnya pandemi Covid-19. Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (PBB) menyebut fenomena KTP pada masa pendemi ini sebagai “the shadow pandemic” (pandemi bayangan) (United Nations, 2020). Upaya penghapusan KTP sebagai pandemi bayangan oleh PBB bersama dengan negara-negara anggota di seluruh dunia menemui masa krisisnya selama pandemi Covid-19 masih mendominasi dunia.

Assessing Russia's Military Strategy In The Eastern Mediterranean Through The Establishment Of An A2/AD (Anti-Access/Anti Denial Zone)

The Eastern Mediterranean has long been the area of interests of Russia’s military power. Referring to one of the on-going armed conflicts in the region, Russia has expanded its claws by militarily intervening in Syria to prevent the regime from collapsing. As the only left arbiter in the war who prioritize a political settlement in Syria, although there are various interests between the actors that involved, Russia has decided to involve in several military operations with Turkey. As the meaning to actualize its interest in operating an anti-access/area denial (A2/AD) zone in the Eastern Mediterranean, Russia is taking Turkey as its significant partner to simplify and to secure its interest in establishing an A2/AD zone. By analyzing several primary and secondary data, this research concluded that Russia’s goals have been divided into two, first is the short-term goal which is to keep Assad in power. Second, the long term goal which is to deter the influence of the Western by deploying its advanced armed forces in the Eastern Mediterranean.

Whose Governance, Which Legitimacy? Myanmar’s Collective Agency In A Domineering Framework On The Rohingya Crisis

July of 2017 is the last time the United Nations special rapporteur was allowed into Myanmar to report on the Rohingya crisis. By contrast, the Foreign Minister of Indonesia was well-received to talk about the same problem in 2017. This article sees the problem as a legitimacy crisis: Myanmar did not see the United Nations intervention framework to report on the Rohingya crisis as legitimate due to the perceived lack of the former’s agency in that framework. This article uses the concept of collective agency to further understand Myanmar’s reception of the United Nations regarding the Rohingya crisis. Myanmar’s rationality – way of seeing things – is seen to be marginalised and even deleted by the United Nations’ internationalist/cosmopolitan rationality through labels such as ‘draconian’ and ‘stagnant’ Indonesia’s approach is more sensitive to Myanmar’s agency. This article concludes that the exclusionist practice by the United Nations makes the framework lose its support-worthiness.

Barriers for Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) to Pave Road to Supranationalism

Considering that the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) successfully brings forth intensive cooperation and prompts great intimacy among its members, many states perceive SCO as a promising regional organization for bridging their interests and shouldering their burden. Consequently, participation within SCO has expanded with the arrival of several new members and participants. Having in mind that its notoriety grown by leaps and bounds, can SCO increase its capability and competence as a regional organization by becoming a supranational one? Can SCO input supranationalism norms and values into its mechanism? This study argues that it is futile for us to expect that SCO possesses supranational capacity. The argument derives from the fact that SCO is the agent designed to safeguard its member’s sovereignty, and it consists of stubborn hegemonic power with bold nationalism. This study generated the aforementioned assessment by addressing the idea of supranationalism and implementing qualitative research and library research method.

Gender Analysis of Sexual Misconduct in UN Peacekeeping Operations

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi faktor penyebab tetap terjadinya eksploitasi dan pelecehan seksual yang dilakukan oleh pasukan perdamaian PBB terhadap perempuan lokal di negara konflik. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis gender, pendekatan kualitatif dan studi literatur. Hal yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini yakni kebijakan PBB mengenai pelarangan beragam jenis relasi seksual pasukan perdamaian PBB dan perempuan lokal, data laporan tuduhan eksploitasi dan pelecehan seksual yang disampaikan penduduk, dan Indeks Perempuan, Perdamaian, dan Keamanan (WPS Index) dari negara pengirim dan penerima pasukan perdamaian PBB. Penelitian ini berargumen bahwa dalam penugasan misi perdamaian, terdapat aspek gender yang diabaikan oleh PBB, yakni budaya patriarki di kedua kelompok negara, pandangan hyper-masculinism para pasukan militer, dan tujuan berdimensi gender dari negara pengirim yang ingin membentuk dan mempertontonkan identitas mereka sebagai pelindung. Penelitian ini menyarankan kepada PBB agar mengkaji WPS Index negara pengirim sebelum menerima pasukan perdamainnya. Kata Kunci: Analisis Gender, Eksploitasi dan Pelecehan Seksual, Pasukan Perdamaaian PBB, WPS Index

Hyundai Investment On Electric Vehicles In Indonesia

The electric vehicle trend globally made mobile automakers preparing another strategy. Nonetheless for Hyundai as South Korean biggest automaker with their success in the domestic market attracting Hyundai to expand their business. On the other side, Indonesia as the biggest economy in ASEAN demands continuous growth of its economy and expecting economy drive from foreign direct investment (FDI) and seeing the global trend despite lack of electric vehicle facilities and technology. This article analyzes why Hyundai decided to make a direct investment in Indonesia regarding the electric vehicle. This article tried to break down the premises through the push-pull factor in order to give an argument about Hyundai reasons in Indonesia.

World Social Forum Sebagai Eksperimentasi Pengorganisasian Politik Multitude

­This article provides an analysis of the resistance model and the proposals of World Social Forum (WSF). With Hardt and Negri’s multitude as a theoretical framework, this article found that as a free and plural movement that serves as a non-state and non-partisan medium, WSF succed to stimulate democratic and reflective debates, submit proposals, share experiences, and form an alliance for movements and organisations who also seek to achieve a democratic and just world. This article also identifies the demands and proposals put forward by the WSF, including those related to economic, political, identity/cultural, ecological problems as well as militarism and war. These proposals are manifestation of the alternative vision to neoliberal globalization offered by the WSF.

Peran Negara dalam Ekspansi PT Wijaya Karya Tbk ke Afrika: Tinjauan Kapitalisme Negara

In the past few years, publicly-listed construction firm PT Wijaya Karya Tbk. (WIKA) has been actively expanding to the African market amidst the high needs of domestic infrastructure development. At the same time, studies on rising state intervention in the global economy are gaining attention from IPE scholars. Based on these factors, this paper examines the role of the government in WIKA’s expansion to Africa from the perspective of state capitalism. By examining the role of President Joko Widodo's regime through (1) centralized planning; (2) economic diplomacy; and (3) capital assistance, this paper argues that WIKA's expansion is aimed not only at generating profits, but is also influenced by political factors to meet national interests. As a state-owned enterprise (SOE), WIKA is positioned as the national champion in the infrastructure sector, which is deemed as a strategic industry for President Widodo’s regime. This paper is expected to fill the void of political economy research on the expansion of national SOEs abroad. Keywords: SOEs, state role, state capitalism, overseas expansion, WIKA.