scholarly journals Isotype-specific antibody responses to foot-and-mouth disease virus in sera and secretions of ‘carrier’ and ‘non-carrier’ cattle

1996 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Salt ◽  
G. Mulcahy ◽  
R. P. Kitching
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth

SummaryIsotype-specific antibody responses to foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) were measured in the sera and upper respiratory tract secretions of vaccinated and susceptible cattle challenged with FMDV by direct contact or by intranasal inoculation. A comparison was made between cattle that eliminated FMDV and those that developed and maintained a persistent infection. Serological and mucosal antibody responses were detected in all animals after challenge. IgA and 1gM were detected before the development of IgG1and IgG2responses. 1gM was not detected in vaccinated cattle. Challenge with FMDV elicited a prolonged biphasic secretory antibody response in FMDV ‘carrier’ animals only. The response was detected as FMDVspecific IgA in both mucosal secretions and serum samples, which gained statistical significance (P< 0·05) by 5 weeks after challenge. This observation could represent the basis of a test to differentiate vaccinated and/or recovered convalescent cattle from FMDV ‘carriers’.

scholarly journals Use of Slaughterhouses as Sentinel Points for Genomic Surveillance of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus in Southern Vietnam

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2203
Author(s):  
Umanga Gunasekara ◽  
Miranda R. Bertram ◽  
Do H. Dung ◽  
Bui H. Hoang ◽  
Nguyen T. Phuong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Southern Vietnam ◽  
Serotype O ◽  
Healthy Cattle ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth

The genetic diversity of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) poses a challenge to the successful control of the disease, and it is important to identify the emergence of different strains in endemic settings. The objective of this study was to evaluate the sampling of clinically healthy livestock at slaughterhouses as a strategy for genomic FMDV surveillance. Serum samples (n = 11,875) and oropharyngeal fluid (OPF) samples (n = 5045) were collected from clinically healthy cattle and buffalo on farms in eight provinces in southern and northern Vietnam (2015–2019) to characterize viral diversity. Outbreak sequences were collected between 2009 and 2019. In two slaughterhouses in southern Vietnam, 1200 serum and OPF samples were collected from clinically healthy cattle and buffalo (2017 to 2019) as a pilot study on the use of slaughterhouses as sentinel points in surveillance. FMDV VP1 sequences were analyzed using discriminant principal component analysis and time-scaled phylodynamic trees. Six of seven serotype-O and -A clusters circulating in southern Vietnam between 2017–2019 were detected at least once in slaughterhouses, sometimes pre-dating outbreak sequences associated with the same cluster by 4–6 months. Routine sampling at slaughterhouses may provide a timely and efficient strategy for genomic surveillance to identify circulating and emerging FMDV strains.

scholarly journals Chemiluminescence Immunoassay for the Detection of Antibodies against the 2C and 3ABC Nonstructural Proteins Induced by Infecting Pigs with Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zezhong Liu ◽  
Junjun Shao ◽  
Furong Zhao ◽  
Guangqing Zhou ◽  
Shandian Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Diagnostic Specificity ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth

ABSTRACT The potential diagnostic value of chemiluminescence immunoassays (CLIAs) has been accepted in recent years, although their use for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) diagnostics has not been reported. Full-length 3ABC and 2C proteins were expressed in bacteria and purified by affinity chromatography to develop a rapid and accurate approach to distinguish pigs infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) from vaccinated pigs. The recombinant proteins were then used as antigens to develop two CLIAs for the detection of antibodies against nonstructural viral proteins. The diagnostic performance of the two assays was compared by analyzing serum from pigs (naive pigs, n = 63; vaccinated, uninfected pigs, n = 532; naive, infected pigs, n = 117) with a known infection status. The 3ABC-2C CLIA had a higher accuracy rate, with a diagnostic sensitivity of 100% and a diagnostic specificity of 96.5%, than the 3ABC CLIA, which had a diagnostic sensitivity of 95.7% and a diagnostic specificity of 96.0%. The results of the 3ABC-2C CLIA also had a high rate of concordance with those of two commercial FMDV enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits used to assess serum collected from 962 pigs in the field (96.2% and 97.8%, respectively). The 3ABC-2C CLIA detected infection in serum samples from infected pigs earlier than the commercial ELISA kits. In addition, the 3ABC-2C CLIA produced results within 15 min. On the basis of these findings, the 3ABC-2C CLIA could serve as the foundation for the development of penside FMD diagnostics and offers an alternative method to detect FMDV infections.

scholarly journals Serological evidence of foot-and-mouth disease virus infection in goat breeds in the Samsun province of Turkey

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 327
Author(s):  
H. ALBAYRAK ◽  
E. OZAN ◽  
H. KADI ◽  
A. CAVUNT ◽  
C. TAMER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is one of the major endemic trans-boundary livestock diseases of socio-economic importance in Turkey and worldwide. Goats constitute the third largest susceptible population of domestic livestock in Turkey. FMD surveillance and control strategies in the country largely ignore small ruminants, known to be critical in the epidemiology of the disease. In this study, blood samples were randomly collected from different domestic goat breeds (Anatolian black goat, Maltese and Saanen). The material consisted of 368 domestic goats, including 121 Anatolian black, 125 Maltese and 122 Saanen goats from Samsun province. The serum samples were examined for the presence of antibodies to foot and mouth disease virus using non structural proteins (NSPs) competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Out of 368 serum samples examined, 12 (3.26%) were positive for FMD. Seropositivity rates in Anatolian black, Saanen and Maltese breeds were 0.83%, 0.82% and 8.00% for FMD, respectively. Although, seropositivity rate in Maltese goat breed was higher than others, this result was not attributed to breed susceptibility. The results of the investigation indicate that FMD is less widespread in goats than sheep and cattle in Samsun province. The results, supported for the first time in Turkey the hypothesis that goats act as a potential reservoir of FMD virus and thus have a role in the epidemiology of FMD.

scholarly journals Attenuated Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus RNA Carrying a Deletion in the 3′ Noncoding Region Can Elicit Immunity in Swine

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (8) ◽  
pp. 3475-3485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Rodríguez Pulido ◽  
Francisco Sobrino ◽  
Belén Borrego ◽  
Margarita Sáiz
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Noncoding Region ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Stem Loop ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth

ABSTRACT We constructed foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) mutants bearing independent deletions of the two stem-loop structures predicted in the 3′ noncoding region of viral RNA, SL1 and SL2, respectively. Deletion of SL2 was lethal for viral infectivity in cultured cells, while deletion of SL1 resulted in viruses with slower growth kinetics and downregulated replication associated with impaired negative-strand RNA synthesis. With the aim of exploring the potential of an RNA-based vaccine against foot-and-mouth disease using attenuated viral genomes, full-length chimeric O1K/C-S8 RNAs were first inoculated into pigs. Our results show that FMDV viral transcripts could generate infectious virus and induce disease in swine. In contrast, RNAs carrying the ΔSL1 mutation on an FMDV O1K genome were innocuous for pigs but elicited a specific immune response including both humoral and cellular responses. A single inoculation with 500 μg of RNA was able to induce a neutralizing antibody response. This response could be further boosted by a second RNA injection. The presence of the ΔSL1 mutation was confirmed in viruses isolated from serum samples of RNA-inoculated pigs or after transfection and five passages in cell culture. These findings suggest that deletion of SL1 might contribute to FMDV attenuation in swine and support the potential of RNA technology for the design of new FMDV vaccines.

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