scholarly journals A comparison ofSalmonella enteritidisphage types from egg-associated outbreaks and implicated laying flocks

1993 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Altekruse ◽  
J. Koehler ◽  
F. Hickman-Brenner ◽  
R. V. Tauxe ◽  
K. Ferris
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
The United States ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Human Food ◽  
Shell Eggs ◽  
Phage Types ◽  
Food Borne

SUMMARYInfections due toSalmonella enteritidisare increasing worldwide. In the United States, between 1985 and 1989. 78% of theS. enteritidisoutbreaks in which a food vehicle was identified implicated a food containing raw or lightly cooked shell eggs.Under a US Department of Agriculture regulation published in 1990, eggs implicated in human food-borneS. enteritidisoutbreaks were traced back to the source flock. The flock environment and the internal organs of a sample of hens were tested forS. enteritidis. We compared theS. enteritidisphage types of isolates from 18 human, egg-associated outbreaks and the 15 flocks implicated through traceback of these outbreaks. The predominant human outbreak phage type was recovered from the environment in 100% of implicated flocks and from the internal organs of hens in 88% of implicated flocks we tested. The results support the use of phage typing as a tool to identify flocks involved in humanS. enteritidisoutbreaks.

Genomic Analyses of Salmonella enteritidis Phage Type 4 Strains from Austria and Phage Type 8 Strains from the United States

1997 ◽  
Vol 285 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Buchrieser ◽  
R. Brosch ◽  
O. Buchrieser ◽  
A. Kristl ◽  
J.B. Luchansky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
The United States ◽  
Genomic Analyses

Survey of Salmonella Contamination of Non–United Kingdom-Produced Raw Shell Eggs on Retail Sale in the Northwest of England and London, 2005 to 2006

2007 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 2259-2265 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. LITTLE ◽  
S. WALSH ◽  
L. HUCKLESBY ◽  
S. SURMAN-LEE ◽  
K. PATHAK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Retail Sale ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Shell Eggs ◽  
Phage Types ◽  
Weighted Prevalence

This survey was prompted by a change in the epidemiology of Salmonella Enteritidis infections in England and Wales and elsewhere in Europe and, to our knowledge, is the first survey to provide information on Salmonella contamination of non–United Kingdom eggs on retail sale. Based on 10,464 non–United Kingdom eggs (1,744 pooled samples of six eggs) purchased between March 2005 and July 2006, the total weighted prevalence estimate for all Salmonella detected in non–United Kingdom eggs was 3.3%. Of the eggs sampled, most were produced in Spain (66.3%), France (20.0%), or The Netherlands (7.4%). Salmonella was detected from 4.4 and 0.3% of eggs produced in Spain and France, respectively, with weighted prevalence estimates. Eight different Salmonella serotypes were recovered from non–United Kingdom eggs, of which Salmonella Enteritidis predominated, with an estimated prevalence of 2.6%. Salmonella Enteritidis was obtained only from Spanish eggs. Nine different phage types of Salmonella Enteritidis were identified, with phage type 1 found to be the predominant phage type. Most of the Salmonella Enteritidis isolates obtained from Spanish eggs in the survey were resistant to nalidixic acid with concomitant decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (0.125 to 1.0 mg/liter) or ampicillin (8.0 mg/liter). Salmonella Enteritidis phage type 1 until now had not been detected in eggs examined as part of previous United Kingdom egg surveys but has been detected in eggs of Spanish origin examined during recent national outbreaks of Salmonella Enteritidis non–phage type 4 infections in England and Wales. Eggs are a commonly consumed food that may occasionally be contaminated with Salmonella. The rates of contamination may be linked to the origin of the eggs. Consumers and caterers need to be aware of this continuing hazard, adopt appropriate control measures, and follow advice provided by national food agencies in order to reduce the risk of infection.

Salmonella enterica Serotypes Isolated from Imported Frozen Chicken Meat in the Canary Islands

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 2702-2706 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. HERNANDEZ ◽  
A. SIERRA ◽  
C. RODRIGUEZ-ALVAREZ ◽  
A. TORRES ◽  
M. P. AREVALO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Phage Types ◽  
Salmonella Virchow

To determine the prevalence of Salmonella enterica serotypes in imported frozen chicken meat, 406 samples (whole chicken, legs, and breast meat) were analyzed for Salmonella according to ISO6579 rules, serotypes were assigned, and phage typing was conducted for Salmonella serotypes Enteritidis, Typhimurium, and Heidelberg. The overall frequency of Salmonella isolation was 16.5%. By country of origin, the highest percentage of cases was found among the samples from France followed by samples from Brazil. The differences between legs and breast meat were significant. The most frequently isolated serotype of Salmonella was Enteritidis, followed by Salmonella Heidelberg, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Salmonella Virchow. By country of origin, we identified a large percentage of serotype Salmonella Enteritidis in the samples imported from Brazil. There was a greater diversity of serotypes isolated from the French samples, and Salmonella Enteritidis was not the dominant strain. In the samples from the United States, the only serotype isolated was Salmonella Kentucky, although a smaller number of samples was analyzed. The Salmonella Enteritidis phage type that prevailed in both France and Brazil was 4. Phage types 204c and 204 were identified for Salmonella Typhimurium, and phage types 8, 31, and 37 were identified for Salmonella Virchow.

scholarly journals Phage types of Salmonella Enteritidis isolated from clinical and food samples, and from broiler carcasses in Southern Brazil

2003 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-04 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Ruschel dos Santos ◽  
Vladimir Pinheiro do Nascimento ◽  
Sílvia Dias de Oliveira ◽  
Dália P. Rodrigues ◽  
Eliane Moura Falavina dos Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Biological Materials ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Phage Typing ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Human Food ◽  
Phage Types

272 isolates of Salmonella Enteritidis (111 isolated from frozen broiler chicken carcasses, 126 from human food and other biological materials involved in food poisoning outbreaks and 35 from different poultry materials) were selected for phage typing. From these, 111 were phage typed, 57.65% being classified as phage type 4, 32.43% as phage type 4a, 3.60% as phage type 6a and 0.90% as phage type 7, whereas 5.40% samples were not phage typeable. The predominance of phage type 4 is in agreement with the results published worldwide, and reinforces the need for studies related to the epidemiological meaning of these findings.

Food-Borne Disease Outbreaks in the United States, 1973

1975 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Hughes ◽  
M. H. Merson ◽  
R. A. Pollard
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
The United States ◽  
Food Borne
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