Risk factors for pneumonic and ulceroglandular tularaemia in Finland: a population-based case-control study

2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (10) ◽  
pp. 2207-2216 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. ROSSOW ◽  
J. OLLGREN ◽  
P. KLEMETS ◽  
I. PIETARINEN ◽  
J. SAIKKU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Population Attributable Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Type B ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Control Study

SUMMARYFew population-based data are available on factors associated with pneumonic and ulceroglandular type B tularaemia. We conducted a case-control study during a large epidemic in 2000. Laboratory-confirmed case patients were identified through active surveillance and matched control subjects (age, sex, residency) from the national population information system. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. A conditional logistic regression model addressing missing data with Bayesian full-likelihood modelling included 227 case patients and 415 control subjects; reported mosquito bites [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 9·2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 4·4–22, population-attributable risk (PAR) 82%] and farming activities (aOR 4·3, 95% CI 2·5–7·2, PAR 32%) were independently associated with ulceroglandular tularaemia, whereas exposure to hay dust (aOR 6·6, 95% CI 1·9–25·4, PAR 48%) was associated with pneumonic tularaemia. Although the bulk of tularaemia type B disease burden is attributable to mosquito bites, risk factors for ulceroglandular and pneumonic forms of tularaemia are different, enabling targeting of prevention efforts accordingly.

Persistent Ethanol Drinking Increases Liver Injury Induced by Trinitrotoluene Exposure: An In-plant Case-Control Study

1991 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 405-409
Author(s):  
Li Jie ◽  
Quan-Guan Jiang ◽  
Wei-Dong Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

On the basis of a general survey conducted in a munitions plant, a case-control study was made on the various risk factors of liver damage induced by trinitrotoluene (TNT) exposure in the plant. One-hundred male cases with occupational TNT liver damage were paired with 100 male controls, one-by-one, for occupation, age and duration (years) of employment. A total of 55 possible risk factors were statistically analysed with a single factor analysis. On the basis of the single analysis, nine factors including drinking, smoking and education were further analysed with a conditional logistic regression model. A calculation was made on the odds ratio (OR) of each factor selected into the model. According to the estimated parameter of the established logistic model, the relative risk of the risk factors could be worked out. Finally, two factors, the amount of ethanol drunk on each occasion and the frequency of drinking every week were selected into the model at the level of a = 0.05. The result showed that these two factors have a dose-response relationship with their OR of occupational TNT liver damage, but there is no connection between smoking and occupational TNT liver damage and no interaction between drinking and smoking. The above results have revealed that people exposed to TNT and with a long history of heavy drinking, have a greater risk of suffering from chronic liver impairment than those that do not drink.

scholarly journals Risk factors for Escherichia coli bacteraemia: a population-based case-control study

The Lancet ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 390 ◽  
pp. S85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao Song ◽  
Angharad Walters ◽  
Damon Berridge ◽  
Ashley Akbari ◽  
Meirion Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Risk factors for incident venous thromboembolism in active cancer patients: A population based case–control study

2016 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneel A. Ashrani ◽  
Rachel E. Gullerud ◽  
Tanya M. Petterson ◽  
Randolph S. Marks ◽  
Kent R. Bailey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Active Cancer

scholarly journals Diabetes mellitus, anti-secretory drugs and other risk factors for campylobacter gastro-enteritis in adults: a case-control study

1997 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. NEAL ◽  
R. C. B. SLACK
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Postal Questionnaire ◽  
Foreign Travel ◽  
Drinking Milk ◽  
Campylobacter Infection ◽  
Control Study

The epidemiology of notified cases of campylobacter gastroenteritis in adults in Nottingham Health District was investigated using a case-control study with a postal questionnaire to ascertain data on risk factors. Over a 14-month period 531 cases (a 73% response rate of all laboratory confirmed cases) and 512 controls replied.Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent associations with infection. These included foreign travel (odds ratio (OR) 3·4; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 2·0–5·7), diabetes mellitus (OR 4·1, CI 1·1–17), medication with omeprazole (OR 3·5, CI 1·1–12) and H2 and H2 antagonists (OR 3·7, CI 1·3–15), contact with puppies (OR11·3, CI1·2–105), eating chicken (OR 1·4, CI 1·1–1·8) and drinking milk from bottles with tops damaged by a bird (OR 3·3, CI 1·0–11). Preparing main meals (OR 0·9, CI 0·8–1·0) and drinking delivered milk (OR 0·6, CI 0·4–0·9) were associated with a reduced risk of campylobacter infection.Foreign travel was reported in 25% of cases and another 15% had significant associations with other risk factors. The majority of cases, 60%, remained unexplained, indicating the need for further evolution of sporadic cases.

scholarly journals 717. Antibiotic treatment of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli related gastroenteritis and the risk of hemolytic uremic syndrome: a population based matched case-control study in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S409-S410
Author(s):  
Shota Myojin ◽  
Kyongsun Pak ◽  
Mayumi Sako ◽  
Tohru Kobayashi ◽  
Takuri Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background The role of therapeutic intervention, particularly antibiotics, for Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) related infection is controversial. Methods We performed a population based matched case-control study to assess the association between treatment (antibiotics, antidiarrheal agents and probiotics) for STEC related infections and HUS development. We identified all STEC HUS patients as cases and matched five non-HUS patients as controls using the data from the National Epidemiological Surveillance of Infectious Diseases (NESID) between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2018. Further medical information was obtained by standardized questionnaires answered by physicians who registered each patient. We used multivariate conditional logistic regression model to evaluate the association between exposures (use of antibiotics, use of antidiarrheal agents, days between disease onset and fosfomycin administration [within two or three days]) and the development of HUS, by matched odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Covariates we used were sex, age group, area code, presence of diarrhea and other factors. We also performed subgroup analyses using age (adults and children) as a stratification factor. Results 7,760 STEC related patients were registered in the NESID. We selected patients who had a record of HUS diagnosis (n=182) and matched controls without HUS (n=910). After collecting standardized paper-based questionnaires, we enrolled 90 HUS patients and 371 non-HUS patients for analysis. In the main analysis, matched OR of fosfomycin was 0.75(0.47-1.20) in all ages, 1.41(0.51-3.88) in adults and 0.58(0.34-1.01) in children. Matched OR of antidiarrheal agents was 2.07(1.07-4.03) in all ages, 1.84(0.32-10.53) in adults, 2.65(1.21-5.82) in children. Matched OR of probiotics was 0.86(0.46-1.61) in all ages, 0.76(0.21-2.71) in adults, 1.00(0.48-2.09) in children. There was no significant association between the timing of fosfomycin use in the first two or five days of illness and HUS development in any age group. Conclusion Our results suggest that fosfomycin might decrease the risk of HUS in children younger than 15 years of age with STEC confirmed bacterial gastroenteritis. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Sporadic Cryptosporidiosis in the Netherlands: Analysis of a 3-Year Population Based Case-Control Study Coupled With Genotyping, 2013–2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 219 (7) ◽  
pp. 1121-1129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura M Nic Lochlainn ◽  
Jussi Sane ◽  
Barbara Schimmer ◽  
Sofie Mooij ◽  
Jeroen Roelfsema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Potential risk factors for multiple sclerosis in Rio de Janeiro: a case-control study

2009 ◽  
Vol 67 (2a) ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kátia Regina Penha da Silva ◽  
Regina Maria Papais Alvarenga ◽  
Oscar Fernandez y Fernandez ◽  
Hélcio Alvarenga ◽  
Luiz Claudio Santos Thuler
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Control Study

PURPOSE: To evaluate potential risk factors for the development of multiple sclerosis in Brazilian patients. METHOD: A case control study was carried out in 81 patients enrolled at the Department of Neurology of the Hospital da Lagoa in Rio de Janeiro, and 81 paired controls. A standardized questionnaire on demographic, social and cultural variables, and medical and family history was used. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and conditional logistic regression models with the SPSS for Windows software program. RESULTS: Having standard vaccinations (vaccinations specified by the Brazilian government) (OR=16.2; 95% CI=2.3-115.2), smoking (OR=7.6; 95% CI=2.1-28.2), being single (OR=4.7; 95% CI=1.4-15.6) and eating animal brain (OR=3.4; 95% CI=1.2-9.8) increased the risk of developing MS. CONCLUSIONS: RESULTS of this study may contribute towards better awareness of the epidemiological characteristics of Brazilian patients with multiple sclerosis.

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