Borrelia miyamotoiin host-seekingIxodes ricinusticks in England

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (5) ◽  
pp. 1079-1087 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. HANSFORD ◽  
M. FONVILLE ◽  
S. JAHFARI ◽  
H. SPRONG ◽  
J. M. MEDLOCK
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Anaplasma Phagocytophilum ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Lato ◽  
Borrelia Miyamotoi ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Widespread Distribution ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Neoehrlichia Mikurensis

SUMMARYThis paper reports the first detection ofBorrelia miyamotoiin UKIxodes ricinusticks. It also reports on the presence and infection rates ofI. ricinusfor a number of other tick-borne pathogens of public health importance. Ticks from seven regions in southern England were screened forB. miyamotoi, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato(s.l.),Anaplasma phagocytophilumandNeoehrlichia mikurensisusing qPCR. A total of 954I. ricinusticks were tested, 40 were positive forB. burgdorferi s.l., 22 positive forA. phagocytophilumand three positive forB. miyamotoi, with noN. mikurensisdetected. The three positiveB. miyamotoiticks came from three geographically distinct areas, suggesting a widespread distribution, and from two separate years, suggesting some degree of endemicity. Understanding the prevalence ofBorreliaand other tick-borne pathogens in ticks is crucial for locating high-risk areas of disease transmission.

scholarly journals Domiciliary Cockroaches as Carriers of Human Intestinal Parasites in Lagos Metropolis, Southwest Nigeria: Implications for Public Health

2018 ◽  
pp. 141-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adedotun A Adenusi ◽  
Mary I Akinyemi ◽  
Dele Akinsanya
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Parasite Prevalence ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Housing Type ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Southwest Nigeria

Background: Domiciliary cockroaches are obnoxious pests of significant medical importance. We investigated the prevalence of human intestinal parasites in cockroaches and its attendant public health importance. Methods: Overall, 749 cockroaches (Periplaneta americana, 509, Blattella germanica, 240) caught by trapping from 120 households comprising 3 different housing types in Somolu, Lagos metropolis, southwest Nigeria, in 2015 were screened for human intestinal parasites using standard parasitological techniques. Results: The prevalence of human intestinal parasites in cockroaches was 96.4%. There was no statistically signifi­cant difference (P> 0.05) in parasite prevalences between P. americana (95.7%) and B. germanica (97.9%). Parasite species identified and their prevalence were as follows: Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (44.1%), E. coli (37.8%), Gi­ardia lamblia (18.7%), Cryptosporidium sp. (13.8%), Ascaris lumbricoides (61.3%), Trichuris trichiura (55.8%), hookworms (11.6%), Strongyloides stercoralis (11.7%), Taenia/Echinococcus spp. (10.5%), Enterobius vermicularis (17.2%) and Hymenolepis nana (11.6%). Parasite prevalence and burdens varied with housing type; the prevalence was significantly higher statistically (P< 0.05) in cockroaches from low-cost bungalow, LCB (100%) and low-cost, 2-storey, LC2-S (100%) houses than in medium-cost flats, MCF (81.3%). Parasite burdens were also significantly higher statistically (P< 0.05) in cockroaches from LCB or LC2-S than in cockroaches from MCF. Parasite preva­lences between cockroach gut and body surfaces were not statistically significant (P> 0.05) but mean parasite bur­dens in gut were significantly higher statistically (P< 0.05) than on body surfaces. Conclusion: Cockroaches types carry transmissive stages of human intestinal parasites and may act as reservoirs and potential mechanical vectors for disease transmission.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection of Arthropod-Borne Pathogens in Eurasian Badgers (Meles meles) from the United Kingdom

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 446
Author(s):  
Lisa Guardone ◽  
Valentina Virginia Ebani ◽  
Ranieri Verin ◽  
Simona Nardoni ◽  
Antonio Consolazione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Anaplasma Phagocytophilum ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Meles Meles ◽  
Widespread Distribution ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Domestic Carnivores

Arthropod-borne diseases (ABD) are of increasing interest in veterinary and public health. Eurasian badgers (Meles meles) are known to harbor a wide range of pathogens, but information on their role as ABD reservoirs and their potential epidemiological relevance is limited. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of arthropod-borne pathogens, specifically piroplasmids and the bacteria Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia canis, Coxiella burnetii, Francisella tularensis and Bartonella spp., in badgers from Great Britain (GB). Blood and heart samples from 18 badgers were examined using PCR and sequencing. A neighbour-joining (NJ) phylogram was also produced. Nine animals tested positive for Babesia sp., while none of the samples was positive for the investigated bacteria. The sequences obtained clustered with other sequences of Babesia sp. from badgers from GB and elsewhere, including China, Hungary, Spain and Italy, showing a widespread distribution of this parasite in badgers. Badger-associated Babesia DNA was also found recently in a wild cat in Bosnia Herzegovina, in a wolf in Italy and in dogs in Hungary. Further investigations are needed to understand the epidemiology of this putative pathogen and its impact on the health of wild and domestic carnivores.

scholarly journals Borrelia miyamotoi—An Emerging Human Tick-Borne Pathogen in Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kubiak ◽  
Magdalena Szczotko ◽  
Małgorzata Dmitryjuk
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
North America ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Lato ◽  
Borrelia Miyamotoi ◽  
Tick Bites ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Pleocytosis

Borrelia miyamotoi is classified as a relapsing fever spirochete. Although B. miyamotoi is genetically and ecologically distinct from Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, both microorganisms are transmitted by the same Ixodes tick species. B. miyamotoi was detected in I. persulcatus ticks in 1994 in Japan. A phylogenetic analysis based on selected sequences of B. miyamotoi genome revealed genetic differences between isolates from Asia, North America, and Europe, which are clearly separated into three genotypes. Symptomatic human cases of Borrelia miyamotoi disease (BMD) were first reported in 2011 in Russia and then in North America, Europe, and Asia. The most common clinical manifestation of BMD is fever with flu-like symptoms. Several differences in rare symptoms (thrombocytopenia, monocytosis, cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis, or symptoms related to the central nervous system) have been noted among cases caused by Asian, European, and American types of B. miyamotoi. BMD should be considered in the diagnosis of patients after tick bites, particularly with meningoencephalitis, without anti-Borrelia antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid. This review describes the biology, ecology, and potential of B. miyamotoi as a tick-borne pathogen of public health concern, with particular emphasis on Europe.

Tick-borne Pathogens Detected in the Blood of Immunosuppressed Norwegian Patients Living in a Tick-endemic Area

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanne Quarsten ◽  
Tore Salte ◽  
Åslaug R Lorentzen ◽  
Inger J W Hansen ◽  
Runar Hamre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Area ◽  
Immunosuppressive Treatment ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Lato ◽  
Borrelia Miyamotoi ◽  
Autoimmune Conditions ◽  
Predominant Pathogen ◽  
Immunosuppressed Patients ◽  
Pathogen Dna ◽  
Neoehrlichia Mikurensis ◽  
Babesia Spp

Abstract Background The knowledge regarding the occurrence and the clinical implications of tick-borne infections in immunosuppressed patients living in tick-endemic areas is limited. Methods Adult patients with autoimmune conditions requiring immunosuppressive treatment such as infliximab and rituximab were invited to participate in the study when they attended the hospital for treatment and/or control of the disease. Whole-blood samples were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction for Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Borrelia miyamotoi, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Rickettsia spp., Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis, and Babesia spp. Results The occurrence of tick-borne pathogens in the blood of patients (n = 163) with autoimmune conditions requiring immunosuppressive treatment was evaluated. Pathogen DNA was detected in 8.6% (14/163) of the patients. The predominant pathogen was Ca. Neoehrlichia mikurensis (12/14), which was carried in the blood of infected patients for 10–59 days until treatment with doxycycline. B. burgdorferi s.l. and Rickettsia spp. were detected in 1 patient each. The B. burgdorferi–infected patient presented with fever, whereas the remaining patients were judged to have subclinical infections. B. miyamotoi, A. phagocytophilum, and Babesia spp. were not detected in any patient. Conclusions Patients treated with biologicals and living in a tick-endemic area seem to have a high risk of contracting Ca. Neoehrlichia mikurensis infection, which, if left untreated, could result in thromboembolic complications.

An Overview of Gambling in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Sanju George ◽  
Jessy Fenn ◽  
Kripa Robonderdeep
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
The World

Gambling is a popular pastime in India, as in most cultures across the world. Although research from India is limited, there is enough evidence to suggest that it should be of public health importance. In this brief paper, we look at the evolution of gambling in India and also discuss potential ways forward to address this issue.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document