scholarly journals Species identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of nontuberculous mycobacteria isolated in Chongqing, Southwest China

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Huizheng Zhang ◽  
Ming Luo ◽  
Ke Zhang ◽  
Xin Yang ◽  
Kui Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Identification ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Clinical Impact of Rapid Species Identification From Positive Blood Cultures With Same-day Phenotypic Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing on the Management and Outcome of Bloodstream Infections

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathrin Ehren ◽  
Arne Meißner ◽  
Nathalie Jazmati ◽  
Julia Wille ◽  
Norma Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Identification ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antimicrobial Therapy ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Rapid Diagnostics ◽  
Antimicrobial Consumption ◽  
Gram Stain ◽  
Step Down

Abstract Background Timely availability of microbiological results from positive blood cultures is essential to enable early pathogen-directed therapy. The Accelerate Pheno system (ADX) is a novel technology using fluorescence in situ hybridization for rapid species identification (ID) and morphokinetic bacterial analysis for phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST), with promising results. Yet the impact of this technology on clinical management and patient outcome remains unclear. Methods We conducted a quasiexperimental before-and-after observational study and analyzed 3 groups with different diagnostic and therapeutic pathways following recent integration of ADX: conventional microbiological diagnostics with and without antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) intervention, and rapid diagnostics (ADX in addition to conventional standard) with ASP intervention. Primary endpoints were time to adequate, to optimal and to step-down antimicrobial therapy. Secondary endpoints were antimicrobial consumption, in-hospital mortality, length of stay (LOS), and the incidence of Clostridioidesdifficile infection (CDI). Results Two hundred four patients (conventional diagnostics, n = 64; conventional diagnostics + ASP, n = 68; rapid diagnostics + ASP; n = 72) were evaluated. The use of ADX significantly decreased time from Gram stain to ID (median, 23 vs 2.2 hours, P < .001) and AST (median, 23 vs 7.4 hours, P < .001), from Gram stain to optimal therapy (median, 11 vs 7 hours, P = .024) and to step-down antimicrobial therapy (median, 27.8 vs 12 hours, P = .019). However, groups did not differ in antimicrobial consumption, duration of antimicrobial therapy, mortality, LOS, or incidence of CDI. Conclusions Use of ADX significantly reduced time to ID and AST as well as time to optimal antimicrobial therapy but did not affect antimicrobial consumption and clinical outcome.

scholarly journals 1365. Profiling Extrapulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Infections and Predictors for rapid-growing Species: A Multi-Center Retrospective Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S494-S494
Author(s):  
Jung Ho Kim ◽  
Woon Ji Lee ◽  
Hye Seong ◽  
In Young Jung ◽  
Eun Jin Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria ◽  
Joint Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Joint Infections ◽  
Bone And Joint Infections

Abstract Background Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) disease is increasing worldwide and is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. It is found that 20 to 30% of NTM isolates are of extrapulmonary origin. However, Studies about extrapulmonary NTM infections have been limited. Thus, we aim to describe the diversity of NTM infections and correlate these observations with clinical data. Methods We analyzed all symptomatic patients with positive NTM cultures in sterile extrapulmonary sites at three tertiary care centers in South Korea between January 2006 and June 2018. We collected patient information including predisposing factors, diversity of NTM isolates, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, treatment regimens, and outcomes. Results A total of 117 patients (46 males vs. 71 females) were included. The median age of the patients was 54 years. There are a lot of infections associated with medical procedures like surgery, but about half of cases (54.7%) are unknown origin. Skin and soft-tissue infections predominated (34.2%), followed by bone and joint infections (28.2%). Of 117 NTM isolates, 66 NTM subspecies were identified. Mycobacterium intracellulare (34.8%) was the most common species identified, followed rapid-growing NTM (RGM) species such as M. fortuitum complex (21.2%), M. abscessus (15.2%), M. massiliense (10.6%), and M. chelonae (9.1%). In skin and soft-tissue infections, RGM species were predominantly identified (26/28, 92.9%), whereas slow-growing NTM (SGM) species were mainly identified in bone and joint infections (18/26, 69.2%). The difference of isolated sites was verified by post hoc test and female sex (OR 4.72; P < 0.001) and skin and soft-tissue infections (OR 25.33; P < 0.001) were identified as predictors of RGM by logistic regression analysis. Based on antimicrobial susceptibility testing, fluoroquinolone and macrolide were mainly used for RGM treatment, and rifamycin-ethambutol-macrolide-based regimen was predominantly used for SGM treatment. Conclusion Skin and soft-tissue infection were predominantly caused by RGM, whereas bone and joint infection is mainly caused by SGM. Species-specific and region-specific data that integrate clinical and microbiologic information is crucial in determining treatment direction. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Pretreatment antimicrobial susceptibility testing is cost saving in the eradication of

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Romano ◽  
Riccardo Marmo ◽  
Antonio Cuomo ◽  
Teresa De Simone ◽  
Caterina Mucherino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Saving ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

NGHIÊN CỨU SỰ NHẠY CẢM VỚI KHÁNG SINH CỦA MỘT SỐ CHỦNG VI KHUẨN GÂY VIÊM ĐƯỜNG HÔ HẤP CẤP Ở TRẺ EM DƯỚI 6 TUỔI TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI THANH HÓA 2009 - 2014

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoai Do Ngoc
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Isolation Rate

From 43.574 fluid nasopharynx speciments of  the chidren inpatient under six we isolated total 21.769 types bacteria with isolation rate : 49.95%. In which the highest isolation rate for H. influenza, S. pneumoniae and M. catarrhalis were 13,94%; 7,11%; 1,43% respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing shown all the types of  for H. influenza, S. pneumoniae and M. catarrhalis good susses to Fosphomycine, S. pneumoniae and M. catarrhalis good susses to Imipenem, H. influenza good susses to Azithromycine, S. pneumoniae good susses to Penicilline and Piperacilline, M. catarrhalis good susses to Tobramycine and Ofloxacine. All of  H. influenza, S. pneumoniae and M. catarrhalis were reported resistance to Tri/Sulpha, Chloramphenicol, Erythromycine in high rate.

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